Assorted innovations in earthquake early warning and rapid response

Sarah Minson

Why Assorted?• What we did

– Real-time inversion for finite fault slip models and rupture geometry based on high-rate GPS data• Jessica Murray, John Langbein, Joan Gomberg• Go see the poster!

• What we’re doing– Crowd-sourced geodesy for earthquake hazard and process

studies• USGS Innovation Center for Earth Sciences (ICES)• Benjamin Brooks, Jessica Murray, Carol Prentice (USGS), Bob Iannucci

(CMU-SV)– GPU implementation of real-time finite fault inversion

• ICES• Jessica Murray (USGS), Ole Mengshoel (CMU-SV)

– Performance testing real-time finite fault inversions in Cascadia• David Schmidt (UW)

Real-time inversion for finite fault slip models and rupture geometry based on high-rate GPS data

Sarah E. Minson, Jessica R. Murray,John O. Langbein, Joan S. Gomberg

USGS Earthquake Science Center

Special Thanks to:Brad Aagaard, Yehuda Bock, Brendan Crowell, Asaf Inbal, Hiroo Kanamori, and Sue Owen

Earthquake Early Warning (EEW)• Use data from near an earthquake rupture

to warn population centers at a distance that shaking is imminent– Information can be transmitted at the speed of

light but strongest shaking is carried by waves traveling ~3.5 km/s

– Warnings can be used not only to alert people but to prepare infrastructure• Slow BART trains• Open fire station doors• Bring elevators to nearest floor

Earthquake studies• In real-time, determine basic information

(location, magnitude)• Later, determine spatial distribution of slip

– Involves 100s or 1,000s of free parameters in a highly under-determined and non-linear inverse problem• Really we want to do the full slip model in real-time

– In real-time, missing basic information such as which fault is rupturing

Solution

• Solve for slip AND fault geometry using semi-analytical solution

Crowd-sourced geodesy for earthquake hazard and process studies

Benjamin Brooks1, Jessica Murray1, Sarah Minson1

Carol Prentice1, Bob Iannucci21USGS Earthquake Science Center

2Carnegie Mellon University - Silicon Valley

ICES

Introduction• Real-time high-rate

scientific-quality GPS data is proving to be very valuable for EEW and rapid response– Very limited global

distribution• Low quality GPS

receivers are globally ubiquitous– Smartphones– GPS navigation in cars

• Can supplement with low-cost community instruments (LCCIs)

• Quake Catcher Network

Challenges

• Huge errors associated with pseudorange-based GPS locations

• Even huger errors associated with attaching GPS to humans

• Communications issues• Data volume could be enormous

Caveat

• This is an altruistic EEW system– Normally we use instruments near the source

to warn humans at a distance– Here we use instruments attached to humans

near the source to warn humans at a distance

To-Do• Earthquake location and Mw

• Data resampling

• Focal mechanism

• Slip modeling

• Detection?• Quality control?

Reuse real-time finite fault inversion

e.g., Scripps group

Fit displacement amplitudes

Easting

Nor

thin

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Thank you for listening!