artifacts.ppt

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meCopyright 2004 WI Ltd

Radiographic InterpretationArtifacts


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FILM ARTEFACTS

During radiography and film processing

images can be formed which are not

due a defect or a change in componentthickness.

Such images are referred to as

ARTEFACTS.


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FILM ARTEFACTS

Crimp marks

Dirty intensifying screens Scratched intensifying screens

Static marks

Reticulation

Solarisation

Chemical or water splashes

Diffraction mottling

Drying marks

Steakiness


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Light Leaks/Light Fog


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Film Scratches


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Static discharge

Caused by pulling the film

quickly from between the

screens in a dry atmosphere

The appearance is lightning

like but may appear as mottled


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Static Discharge



Chemical Marks



Dust, Lint, Grime Marks



Caused by the emulsion

rupturing due to excessive

temperature differences

between processing tanks

The appearance is a net like

structure or leather grain

It is a rare artifact due to the

flexible/plastic nature of modern

emulsions

Reticulation



Reticulation



Frilling

Caused by high temperature

in fixer or water which causes

the emulsion layer to crack



Diffraction mottle

Occurs in a radiograph due tothe grain size or orientation of

certain materials such as

stainless steels and aluminum

The appearance is fine porosity

or Herringbone porosity

throughout the weld area on the

radiograph

It may be reduced or eliminated

by reducing the wavelength or

by changing the radiation angle

by approximately 5o


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DiffractionMottle


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FILM ARTEFACTS


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FILM ARTEFACTS


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FILM ARTEFACTS


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FILM ARTEFACTS


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FILM ARTEFACTS

SOLARISATION

Solarisation is image reversal due to

extreme over exposure or exposure tolight during development


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FILM ARTEFACTS


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FILM ARTEFACTS


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FILM ARTEFACTS

DRYING MARKS

Dark marks caused by uneven drying


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Copyright 2004 WI Ltd

FILM ARTEFACTS

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