armenia secrets of a christian terrorist state - sam weems

8/3/2019 ARMENiA SECRETS OF A CHRiSTiAN TERRORiST STATE - SAM WEEMS

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U`moc @+ Xoomu

@^MOKG@

UOE^OTU AI @

EF^GUTG@K TO^^A^GUT UT@TO

Tfo @~mokg`k H~o`t Doeortgak Uo~gou Yacmo 0

Ut+ Jafk R~ouu

&Ufa~tokod Yo~ugak'


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>

>22> U`m Xoomu+ R~gktod `kd nakd gk tfo _kgtod Ut`tou

ai @mo~ge`+ @cc ~ghftu ~ouo~yod+ Ka r`~t ai tfgu naal m`w no

~or~adeod a~ t~`kumgttod gk `kw ia~m a~ nw `kw mo`ku# ocoet~akge a~

moef`kge`c# gkecdgkh rfataearwgkh# ~oea~dgkh# a~ nw `k gkia~m`tgak

uta~`ho `kd ~ot~goy`c uwutom oveort nw ` ~oygoxo~ xfa m`w paton~goi rùu`hou gk ` ~oygox ta no r~gktod gk ` m`h`zgko# koxur`ro~# a~

ak tfo Xon xgtfat ro~mguugak gk x~gtgkh i~am tfo rncgufo~+ Ia~

gkia~m`tgak# rcoùo eaktèt Ut+ Jafk R~ouu# 0422 C`kdm`~l# 8tf Icaa~#

D`ccù# TV 8?>42< &78>' 472-6766+

@ctfahf tfo `tfa~ `kd rncgufo~ f`yo m`do oyo~w oiia~t ta

oku~o tfo èe~èw `kd eamrcotokouu ai gkia~m`tgak eakt`gkod gk

tfgu naal# xo ùumo ka ~ourakugngcgtw ia~ o~~a~u# gkèe~ègou#

amguugaku# a~ `kw gkeakugutokew fo~ogk+ @kw ucghftu ai roarco# rcèoa~ a~h`kgz`tgaku `~o kgktoktgak`c+

Ig~ut r~gktgkh >22>

GUNK 2-7807>0->-5-8

GEEK >22>02406>

@TTOKTGAK EA^RA^@TGAKU# _KGYOÛGTGOU# EACCO-

HOU @KD RÂIOUUGAK@C A^H@KGZ@TGAKU: P`ktgtw dgu-

eaktu `~o `y`gc`nco ak ncl r~efùou ai tfgu naal ia~ ode`tgak`c#

hgit r~rauou# a~ ù r~omgmu ia~ gke~oùgkh m`h`zgko unue~grtgaku a~

~okox`cu+ Uroeg`c naalu a~ naal oveo~rtu e`k `cua no e~o`tod ta igt

uroegige koodu+ Ia~ gkia~m`tgak# rcoùo eaktèt Ut+ Jafk R~ouu+ 0422

C`kdm`~l# 8tf icaa~ D`ccù+ TV .?>42< &78>' 472-6766+

Tfo rfatah~`rfu eakt`gkod gk tfgu rncge`tgak `~o t`lok i~am

tfo 0704-0706 # # # >229+

Tfo rfatah~`rf ak tfo eayo~r`ho Momno~u ai @U@C@to~~a~gut a~h`kgz`tgak+

Tfgu rncge`tgak GU KAT IA^ U@CO `kd E@KKAT NO _UODIA^ EAMMOÊG@C R_^RAUOU A^ GKTOÔUTU+


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5

V ûug`k @~mw Nùo

ûug`k MGH Up`d~ak Nùo

* ûug`k U~ièo ta @g~ Mguugco N`tto~w


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4

RÔI@EO

M`kw @mo~ge`ku `~o ùlgkh tfo poutgak# Xfw da

Mucgmu f`to tfo _kgtod Ut`tou1 _kia~tk`tocw# tfo Mucgmxa~cd fù haad eùo ta kat cglo @mo~ge`ku `kd tfgu naal

daemoktu ako yo~w haad ~oùak tfgu gu t~o+ Tfgu naal eacd

xocc no tgtcod Ako Haad ôùak Xfw Mucgmu F`to

@mo~ge`ku+

Ai ea~uo# kat `cc Mucgmu f`to tfo _kgtod Ut`tou+ G xù

gk Gut`knc# T~low# ak Uortomno~ 00 r~adegkh ` ygdoa tgtcod

Tfo Uoyok Ef~efou ai ôyoc`tgak `kd dagkh ~ouo`~ef ak tfgunaal+ &M`kw @mo~ge`ku da kat lkax tf`t @ug` Mgka~ ai tfo

Ngnco gu tad`w(u T~low+ M`kw Ef~gutg`ku `~o kat `x`~o tf`t

T~low gu tfo uoeakd maut gmra~t`kt eakt~w gk tfo xa~cd ta

fguta~ge`c Ef~gutg`kgtw+'

Tfgu mado~k-d`w Ko`~ Oùt domae~`tge eakt~w xù

iakdod gk 07>5 noeùo ai tfo hokgu ai ako m`k: Mutì`

Lom`c @t`t~l &0660-0756'+ Fo gkutgttod ovtokugyo ~oia~mu`kd xù t~cw ako ai tfo h~o`t xa~cd ut`toumok ai tfo

txoktgotf eokt~w+ Fo tf~ox tfo uct`ku at ai tfo eakt~w `kd

~omayod tfo Mucgm ~ocghgau co`do~u i~am tfog~ raxo~ic

raugtgaku gk hayo~kmokt+ Xamok xo~o hgyok tfo ~ghft ta yato

`kd xa~l gk `kw r~aiouugak+

@t`t~l nocgoyod T~low mut t~k ta tfo Xout gi tfo

k`tgak xù ta h~ax `kd r~auro~+ T~low eaktgkou tad`w gk tfo@t`t~l t~`dgtgak+ Gt gu tfo ~oùak tfgu Mucgm k`tgak gu uef `

ecauo i~gokd `kd ut~akh `ccw ai tfo _kgtod Ut`tou# ma~o ua tf`k

`kw atfo~ Mucgm k`tgak+

Xgtfgk tfg~tw mgktou ai tfo tfg~d rc`ko fgttgkh gtu t`~hot

gk Xùfgkhtak# D+E+# tfo r~gmo mgkguto~ ai T~low xù ak

k`tgak`c tocoygugak toccgkh egtgzoku fo f`d rcèod tfo mgcgt`~w

ak tfo fghfout `co~t+ Fo `cua u`gd fo f`d e`ccod tfo r~ougdokt ai


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tfo _kgtod Ut`tou ta u`w gi @mo~ge` xokt ta x`~# fgu eakt~w

xù ~o`dw ta ha ta x`~ `cua noeùo T~low `kd tfo _kgtod

Ut`tou `~o i~gokdu# `ccgou# `kd r`~tko~u+

G xguf oyo~w @mo~ge`k eacd f`yo nook xgtf mo taovro~gokeo tfo ~oètgak ai tfo T~lu ta tfo eax`~dcw `ttèl ak

tfo _kgtod Ut`tou ak Uortomno~ 00# >220+ T`vg d~gyo~u#

x`gto~u# x`gt~ouuou# omrcawoou gk tfo um`cc ufaru `kd c`~ho

uta~ou# hayo~kmokt omrcawoou `cc# xgtfat oveortgak# yageod

hokgko ua~~ax `kd urra~t ia~ tfog~ hayo~kmokt(u xgccgkhkouu

ta uokd tfog~ wakh mok ta ighft tfo x`~ ak to~~a~gum xgtf tfo

_kgtod Ut`tou+G f`yo keayo~od iètu tf`t r~ayo @~mokg`k-@mo~ge`ku

`~o ur~o`dgkh t`cc t`cou ec`gmgkh ` mùuè~o `kd hokaegdo gk

`k oiia~t ta hot moh`-dacc`~u at ai natf tfo T~lu `kd

@mo~ge`k Ef~gutg`ku ta nokoigt tfog~ 0?2-wo`~-acd `kegokt

famoc`kd+ Tfo poutgak ia~ mw ioccax @mo~ge`ku ta `kuxo~ gu

ugmrcw tfgu: Xfam da wa nocgoyo atfo~ @mo~ge`ku xfa

u`x tfo @~mokg`ku# yo~w mef `cgyo# co`ygkh tfo Attam`kOmrg~o1 A~ @~mokg`ku xfa mo~ocw ec`gm 0+? mgccgak ai tfog~

roarco xo~o m~do~od nw tfo Attam`k hayo~kmokt1

Tfgu naal gu nùod ak fguta~ge`c oygdokeo# mef ai gt

i~am @~mokg`k ua~eou+ @mo~ge`k Ef~gutg`ku `~o gkygtod ta

uo`~ef tfo tat`c ~oea~d ia~ tfomuocyou ta doto~mgko xfa gu

toccgkh t~tf `kd xfa gu m`lgkh r `kd ur~o`dgkh t`cc t`cou ia~

tfog~ axk uociguf ~oùaku+Gk 077># @~mokg` e`rt~od >2 ro~eokt ai tfo c`kdu ai

Mucgm @zo~n`gj`k tf~ahf ` u~r~guo# kr~ayalod `ttèl+

Tfo @~mokg`ku tf~ut ma~o tf`k ` mgccgak Mucgmu i~am tfog~

famou xgtfat eamroku`tgak# ia~egkh tfom kax ta cgyo gk

up`ca~ gk tokt egtw ~oihoo e`mru+ Tfo ûug`ku h`yo

@~mokg` ma~o tf`k ` ngccgak dacc`~u xa~tf ai mgcgt`~w `~mu

`kd urrcgou+ @eea~dgkh ta ` _+U+ Eakh~ouugak`c Utdw


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ôra~t# ayo~ tfo rùt tok wo`~u# tfo _kgtod Ut`tou fù hgyok

@~mokg` 0+4 ngccgak dacc`~u gk ia~oghk `gd xfgco dgue~gmgk`tgkh

`h`gkut Mucgm @zo~n`gj`k nw ettgkh ia~oghk `gd ta gt+ Tfgu gu

ako ~oùak m`kw Mucgmu f`to @mo~ge`ku+Ro~f`ru Eakh~ouu rùuod uef ` c`x noeùo tfo

@~mokg`ku ec`gm ta no tfo ig~ut Ef~gutg`k k`tgak ak o`~tf `kd

@zo~n`gj`k gu ` Mucgm eakt~w+ Gu gt `kw xakdo~ hùacgko

r~geou f`yo uto`dgcw gke~oùod d~gkh tfgu u`mo ro~gad ai tgmo

noeùo tfo Mgddco Oùto~k eakt~gou xo ant`gk agc i~am `~o

`cua Mucgm1

Kax# ìto~ Uortomno~ 00# R~ougdokt Hoa~ho X+ Nuf gu`ttomrtgkh ta ~oèf at `kd uoe~o urra~t ai Mucgm k`tgaku

gkecdgkh @zo~n`gj`k ta focr gk tfo _+U+ x`~ ak to~~a~gum+

Ako ~oùak tfgu um`cc ut`to gu gmra~t`kt ta @mo~ge`(u x`~

oiia~t gu noeùo ai fax ko`~ gt gu hoah~`rfge`ccw ta @ihf`kg-

ut`k+ Tfo r~ougdokt fù ùlod Eakh~ouu ta ~oro`c tfo 077> c`x

ettgkh aii ia~oghk `gd ta @zo~n`gj`k+ @u ` ~ouct ai tfgu#

@~mokg`k-@mo~ge`ku c`kefod ` k`tgakxgdo e`mr`ghk taarrauo R~ougdokt Nuf(u oiia~t ta hot tfo urra~t ai tfgu

gmra~t`kt Mucgm eakt~w+ @~mokg`k-@mo~ge`ku ec`gm gt

mghft f`~m @~mokg`+ @rr`~oktcw# tfgu gu ma~o gmra~t`kt tf`k

tfo k`tgak`c gkto~outu ai tfo _kgtod Ut`tou+

@t tfo u`mo tgmo @~mokg`k-@mo~ge`ku `~o ighftgkh

R~ougdokt Nuf# tfow `~o `cua xa~lgkh ta hot `k @~mokg`k to~-

~a~gut at ai ` E`cgia~kg` r~guak+ Tfgu @~mokg`k to~~a~gut ùuù-ugk`tod ` T~lguf dgrcam`t gk 076>+ Tfo to~~a~gut xù e`hft#

t~god# iakd hgctw nw ` E`cgia~kg` j~w# `kd uoktokeod ta cgio

gk r~guak xgtfat r`~aco+ @~mokg`k-@mo~ge`ku x`kt tfgu

eakygetod ùuùugk nèl ak tfo ut~ootu ai tfo _kgtod Ut`tou+

Gt gu ouroeg`ccw gmra~t`kt ìto~ xf`t aee~~od ak Uortom-

no~ 00 tf`t xo# ù ` k`tgak# out`ncguf ù m`kw ecauo i~gokdufgru

xgtfgk tfo Mucgm xa~cd ù xo e`k+ Gt daou kat m`lo uokuo ta


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eaktgko ta urra~t ` to~~a~gut ut`to# cglo @~mokg`# oyok gi gt

ec`gmu ta no Ef~gutg`k+

Gt guk(t ~ghft ia~ Eakh~ouu ta ~oèt ta tfo racgtge`c r~ouu~o

ai ` um`cc nt cad h~ar e`ccgkh tfomuocyou @~mokg`ku+ Gt gucakh rùt tgmo ta ov`mgko tfo @~mokg`k ~oea~d+ Tfgu tgkw

ut`to(u efgoi ovra~t ugkeo 0706 fù nook to~~a~gum `kd tfo efgoi

gmra~t fù nook ia~oghk `gd i~am Ef~gutg`ku `~akd tfo xa~cd+

@~mokg`ku ta out`ncguf xf`t tfow ec`gm gu `k gkdorok-

dokt `kd i~oo ut`to+ Tfgu naal xgcc `cua ov`mgko tfo mo~gtu ai

tfo @~mokg`k ec`gm tfow `~o Ef~gutg`k+ @~o tfow ~o`ccw1

Tfo iètu tf`t xgcc no r~ayod gk tfgu naal `~o ù iaccaxu:Gk 0672# ` tgkw h`kh ai @~mokg`ku noh`k ` to~~a~gut

~oyactgak`~w mayomokt xgtfgk tfo Attam`k Omrg~o ta ant`gk

tfo c`kdu `kd r~aro~tw ai Mucgmu i~oo ai ef`~ho nw eakpout+

_ktgc 0704 `kd 070?# tfgu n`kd ai t~ancom`lo~u xgtfgk

tfo Attam`k Omrg~o xù ua um`cc tfo Attam`ku ghka~od tfom+

Tfok ûug` gky`dod tfo Attam`k Omrg~o `kd tfouo @~mo-

kg`ku icaelod ta jagk tfom# nocgoygkh tfo ûug`k ez`~ xacdhgyo tfom tfo Attam`k c`kdu tfow eayotod `kd uefomod ta

ant`gk+

T~lguf @~mokg`ku r~otokdod ta no i~gokdcw koghfna~u

ai tfo Attam`ku nw d`w nt noh`k dout~etgyo to~~a~gut `ttèlu

nofgkd Attam`k mgcgt`~w cgkou nw kghft+ Tfouo to~~a~gut `ttèlu

ak Attam`k uagc f~t tfo Attam`k t~aaru# fgkdo~gkh tfog~ `ngc-

gtw ta ighft tfo ûug`ku+ Tfo Attam`k hayo~kmokt xù ia~eodta ~omayo `cc @~mokg`ku i~am nofgkd tfo n`ttco zakou noeùo

tfow eacd kat doto~mgko xfgef @~mokg`ku xo~o to~~a~gutu `kd

xfgef xo~o kat+

Tfo u`d uta~w gu xf`t tfo @~mokg`ku dgd tfo~oìto~ ta do-

eogyo Ef~gutg`ku ai @mo~ge` `kd tfo xa~cd+ Tfo @~mokg`k

co`do~u uokt r`gd `hoktu tf~ahfat tfo Ef~gutg`k xa~cd ta tocc


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kt~o uta~gou `nat fax fkd~odu ai tfau`kdu ai tfog~

Ef~gutg`ku f`d nook mùuè~od nw tfo to~~gnco T~l Mucgmu+

Ef~gutg`ku tf~ahfat tfo xa~cd mut utar t`lgkh tfo

xa~d ai @~mokg`ku `t ièo y`co `kd ov`mgko tfo t~tf ia~tfomuocyou+ Tfgu Ef~gutg`k# gk m`lgkh `k gkdorokdokt ov`mg-

k`tgak# fù dgueayo~od tfo t~tf e`kkat no iakd ak @~mokg`k

xon ugtou a~ gk naalu `kd `~tgecou x~gttok nw @~mokg`ku+ Maut

Mucgmu# f`yo nook ia~eod at ai tfo eakt~w+ Kax @~mokg` gu

ako ai tfo maut ecauod Ef~gutg`k uaegotgou ak o`~tf+ Gt fù jut

ako aiigeg`c ef~ef# xfgef gu ` r`~t ai tfo ut`to `kd hgyok

`tfa~gtw nw tfo @~mokg`k eakutgttgak+ Tfo~o gu ka uef tfgkhù tfo uor`~`tgak ai ef~ef `kd ut`to gk tfgu tgkw c`kd+

Eakt~ùt tfgu ièt xgtf tfo T~lu# xfam tfo @~mokg`ku

cayo ta f`to+ Gt gu gkto~outgkh ta kato tf`t tfo~o `~o ma~o

@~mokg`k Ef~efou gk T~low tf`k tfo~o `~o gk @~mokg` `kd

eakt~`~w ta maut atfo~ d`t`# tfow m`lo `y`gc`nco ak tfo xon#

tf`t ako gu `nuactocw ea~~oet+ G f`yo ~oeoktcw nook ta T~low+ G

xgtkouuod xgtf mw axk owou tf`t T~lu `kd @~mokg`ku cgyo`kd xa~ufgr tahotfo~ gk h~o`t i~oodam# f`~makw# `kd

i~gokdufgr+ Tfgu gu pgto ` eakt~ùt xgtf tfo @~mokg`k-

@mo~ge`ku( hcw mgu~or~ouokt`tgaku `kd oygc oiia~tu ta rc`kt

tfo uoodu ai f`t~od `kd ~`ho# fo~o gk tfo _kgtod Ut`tou# `h`gkut

T~lu+ Jut xf`t lgkd ai Ef~gutg`kgtw da tfouo @~mokg`k-

@mo~ge`ku r~ètgeo1

Tfo cakh cgut ai doeortgak# i~`d# `nuou# mùuè~ou# `kdto~~a~gut ètu @~mokg`ku f`yo eammgttod `~o daemoktod gk

tfgu naal+ Tfouo `~o @~mokg`k uoe~otu tfow dak(t x`kt tfo

Ef~gutg`ku ai tfo xa~cd ta lkax `nat# nt tfow `~o ~oyo`cod

`kd daemoktod gk @~mokg`k ua~eou+ Tfouo ~ora~tu `~o

ièt`c ~ora~tu nw @~mokg`ku tfomuocyou+

Oyo~w Ef~gutg`k `kd oyo~w rncge aiigeg`c ufacd ~o`d

tfgu naal noia~o `h~oogkh ta ogtfo~ hgyo makow a~ yato ia~


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mo`kgkhcouu ~ouactgaku `ttèlgkh mado~k-d`w T~low# uacocw

nùod ak tfo @~mokg`k t`cc t`cou tf`t xo~o gkyoktod nw tfom#

gk a~do~ ta hot catu ai i~oo utii i~am tfo Ef~gutg`k xa~cd+

Tfo~o xù ka hokaegdo ù tfow ec`gm+Dg~oet oygdokeo xgcc no r~aygdod# uoyo~`c tgmou# i~am

@~mokg`k ua~eou tf`t tfo @~mokg`(u hayo~kmokt dg~oetod

to~~a~gut `ttèlu ù aiigeg`c ut`to racgew+ Tfo~o f`yo nook

@~mokg`k to~~a~gut `ttèlu `kd m~do~u xgtfgk k`tgaku `cc ayo~

tfo xa~cd gk ~oeokt wo`~u+

G `m kat @zo~n`gj`kg# Hoa~hg`k# T~l< G `m kat

@~mokg`k+ G `m ` Ueattguf-@mo~ge`k# xfauo ig~ut Ueattguf`keouta~ e`mo ta @mo~ge` gk 0969+ G `m ` Uatfo~ko~# `

cgiocakh N`rtgut# `kd `k @mo~ge`k t`vr`wo~+ G f`yo x~gttok tfgu

naal kdo~ tfo cghft ai ovtokugyo ~ouo`~ef gk cae`tgaku uef ù

Xùfgkhtak# D+E+# âmo# R`~gu# Cakdak# Maueax# `kd

Gut`knc+ Gt xacd f`yo nook focric ta ~ouo`~ef gk @~mokg`

nt tfog~ `~efgyou `~o kat arok ta tfo rncge+

Tfo `~efgyou gk Gut`knc# T~low# `~o yo~w mef arok#faxoyo~# `kd f`yo nook ia~ uamo tgmo+ Tfo g~akw gu tf`t tfo

igcou gk @~mokg`(u e`rgt`c ai O~oy`k `kd @~mokg`k ôyac-

tgak`~w Iodo~`tgak aiigeou gk Nautak `~o utgcc ecauod ta

~ouo`~efo~u `kd tfo rncge+ Xf`t `~o tfow fgdgkh1 Xfw daou

@~mokg` f`yo `k @~mokg`k ôyactgak`~w Iodo~`tgak aiigeo

gk tfo _kgtod Ut`tou1

Fno~t Faayo~ dg~oetod tfo _+U+ oiia~t ta focr ~ongcdO~aro ìto~ Xa~cd X`~ G+ Fo ovro~gokeod akcw ako i`gc~o

`kd tf`t xù tfo dget`ta~-~k ut`to ai @~mokg`+ Tfgu it~o

@mo~ge`k r~ougdokt ut`tod tf`t @~mokg`k ea~~rtgak xacd

no tfo h~o`tout ue`kd`c gk @mo~ge`k ef`~gt`nco fguta~w+ Tfo

@~mokg`ku ~ourakdod nw `ttèlgkh fgu ef`~èto~+

ô`do~u ai tfgu naal xgcc dgueayo~ i~am tfo xa~du ai

tad`w(u @~mokg`ku tf`t tfgu `ttgtdo ai gkh~`tgtdo eaktgkou+


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02

Tfo r~aai xgcc no tf`t tfo @~mokg`k `ttgtdo gu tf`t @mo~ge`k

egtgzoku axo tfog~ t`v dacc`~u ta @~mokg`+

Tfo~o `~o uoyo~`c _+U+ egtgzoku# xfa f`yo ~ouo`~efod

@~mokg` `kd rncgufod tfog~ igkdgkhu+ Oèf ai tfom fù nookunjoetod ta @~mokg`k e`mr`ghku ai to~~a~+ Eakugdo~ nt `

iox uef gkdgygd`cu:

R~aiouua~ Ut`kia~d Uf`x ai _EC@+ @~mokg`ku nam-nod fgu famo `kd to~~a~gzod fgm gk uoyo~`c dgiio~okt x`wu+

R~aiouua~ Fo`tf Cax~w ai R~gkeotak _kgyo~ugtw xù~oeoktcw ia~eod at ù ef`g~m`k ai ` Ko`~ Oùto~k utdgou

r~ah~`m noeùo ai ` txa-wo`~ f`to `kd umo`~ e`mr`ghkdg~oetod `h`gkut fgm+

R~aiouua~ Jutgk MeE`~tfw ai tfo _kgyo~ugtw ai Cagu-ygcco fù nook unjoetod ta `cc m`kko~ ai ef`~èto~ `ttèlu `kd

`ttomrtu ta f`yo fgm ~omayod i~am fgu toèfgkh raugtgak+

Igcm m`lo~ ângk Xgccg`mu ~oeoktcw r~adeod `daemokt`~w igcm tgtcod Tfo Ngncge`c T~où~ou ai T~low+

Uoyo~`c tgmou xfok fo `ttomrtod ta ufax fgu igcm# wakh@~mokg`ku dgu~rtod tfo ufaxgkhu+ Ak ako aeeùgak#

@~mokg`k watf gky`dod tfo tfo`to~ nw tf~axgkh utgkl namnu

`kd ia~egkh tfo oyè`tgak ai tfo `dgokeo+

Akeo tfo `kkakeomokt xù m`do tf`t tfgu naal xù ta

no rncgufod G ovro~gokeod ` ygegau `ttèl dg~oetod nw tfo

@~mokg`k @uuomncw ai @mo~ge`+

Eakugdo~ tfo iaccaxgkh ov`mrcou ai tf~o`tu rak mwcgio+ G t`lo uef tf~o`tu uo~gaucw noeùo gk ~oeokt wo`~u

@~mokg`ku f`yo m~do~od uamo uoyoktw roarco `~akd tfo

xa~cd# ia~ fo~o gk tfo _kgtod Ut`tou+

G jut x`ktod ta tocc wa tf`t wa xgcc n~k gk focc ia~rttgkh daxk tfo ig~ut Ef~gutg`k k`tgak+ G xgcc m`lo u~o ta

ufax r ta wa~ iko~`c# faroiccw uaak# `kd rguu ak wa~

r`tfotge ea~ruo+


11/76

00

_ douo~yo ta dgo ` noùt+ Uamo @~mokg`k gu hakk`lgcc uamo d`w+ @kd ~ kat hakk` cglo tfo @~mokg`k

x~`tf!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

@~mokg`ku `~o t`hft f`to i~am ng~tf `kd G lkax gt guovt~omocw x~akh tf`t gt fù nook `gmod `t tfo T~lguf+ G

mwuoci da f`yo yo~w ecauo T~lguf i~gokdu `kd G cayo tfom

xgtf `cc mw fo`~t+ G dak(t tfgkl gt gu ~ghft ta u`w f`toic `kd n`d

tfgkhu `h`gkut `cc @~mokg`ku+ Gf`yo katfgkh `h`gkut T~lu `kd

G tfgkl tfo T~lu f`yo m`do xakdo~ic eakt~gntgaku ta tfo

xa~cd tf~ahf tfog~ ect~o+ G `m ` Ef~gutg`k# `ctfahf G `m

kat t~`dgtgak`c @~mokg`k A~tfadav+

G ùl oyo~w ~o`do~ ai tfgu naal ta ov`mgko tfo xa~du G

f`yo x~gttok xgtf `k arok mgkd+ G ùl oyo~w ~o`do~ ta efoel

at tfo iètu G f`yo r~ouoktod ia~ tfomuocyou ta doto~mgko gi

tfo m`to~g`c G f`yo r~ouoktod gu t~o+ Tfo ~o`do~ xgcc kato tf`t

G uo ma~o @~mokg`k ua~eou `kd r~aai tf`k i~am `cc atfo~

ua~eou eamngkod+ Akeo tfo ~o`do~ doto~mgkou t~tf gt xgcc noia~ tf`t gkdgygd`c ta doto~mgko xf`t `ddgtgak`c ètgak fo a~

ufo ufacd da ta ~ghft ` h~o`t x~akh dako ta tfo Mucgm

xa~cd gk tfo k`mo ai Jouu Ef~gut+

U`moc @+ Xoomu#

momno~ ai E`cy`~w N`rtgut Ef~ef#

F`zok# @~l`kuù# @r~gc ># >22>


12/76

0>

GKTÂD_ETGAK

Xfo~o dgd tfo @~mokg`ku eamo i~am1 Ako daouk(t f`yo

ta caal nèl yo~w i`~ gkta fguta~w ta igkd tfo `kuxo~+Tfo nohgkkgkhu ai xf`t e`k no e`ccod mado~k-d`w

@~mokg` gu igccod xgtf ncaad Mucgm ncaad+ Gk 06>2# ez`~gut

ûug` noh`k tfo ig~ut ai uoyo~`c `ttomrtu ta ovr`kd gtu omrg~o

xoutx`~d gk `k `ttomrt ta ant`gk `k `ho-acd d~o`m ai x`~m-

x`to~ ra~tu+ Tfo ez`~u noh`k ` eakpout ta ant`gk Attam`k

Omrg~o c`kdu `cc tfo x`w ta tfo Modgto~~`ko`k `kd arok uoù+

Tfo ûug`ku xo~o kat `nco ta uoe~o ` x`~m-x`to~ ra~t#nt tfow dgd mayo tfog~ nakd`~gou xoutx`~d+ Gk tfo wo`~u tf`t

iaccaxod 06>2# tfo ûug`ku r~amguod tfo @~mokg`ku tfow

xacd focr tfom out`ncguf tfog~ axk ut`to+ @t tf`t tgmo# tfo

Attam`k Omrg~o xù gk ` igk`c ro~gad ai doecgko `kd doe`w+

Tfo ûug`ku r~amguod ta e~o`to ` H~o`to~ @~mokg` gk

oùto~k @k`tacg`+ Tfo ûug`k r~amguo xù unut`ktg`ccw ma~o

c`kdu notxook tfo Ncèl Uo` `kd tfo Modgto~~`ko`k tf`k tfo@~mokg`k roarco f`d oyo~ aeergod `t `kwtgmo gk tfog~ fgu-

ta~w+ Gk ièt# tfo~o f`d koyo~ nook ` t~cw gkdorokdokt

@~mokg`+ Tfo~o f`d koyo~ nook ` t~o H~o`to~ @~mokg`+

Tfo Okhcguf i`kkod tfo ic`mo nw e`ccgkh tfo @ug` Mgka~

ai tfo Ngnco @~mokg`+ Gt xù R~gmo Mgkguto~ Xgccg`m O+

Hc`dutako# gk tfo o`~cw 0662u# xfa eakeaetod tfo gdo` tf`t gt

xù gk tfo N~gtguf(u nout gkto~outu ta n~o`l r tfo Attam`kOmrg~o+ Fo x`ktod ta e~o`to ` kmno~ ai um`cc i~gokdcw ut`tou

kdo~ Okhc`kd(u gkicokeo gk rcèo ai tfo c`~ho Attam`k

Omrg~o+ Ako uef um`cc ut`to xacd no e`ccod @~mokg`+

Hc`dutako ùlod tfo N~gtguf r~ouu ta ~oio~ ta oùto~k @k`tacg`

ù @~mokg`+

Gk 0688 `kd 0686 tfo~o xù `katfo~ x`~ notxook tfo

Attam`k Omrg~o `kd ûug`+ @u tfo x`~ ko`~od gtu okd# tfo


13/76

05

Ef~gutg`k @~mokg`k r`t~g`~ef ai Gut`knc# Ko~uou Y`~j`nod-

w`k# ùlod tfo ûug`k ez`~ ta ~ot`gk tfo c`kdu fgu t~aaru

aeergod gk oùt @k`tacg`+ Akeo tfo x`~ okdod# tfo r`t~g`~ef

ùlod H~`kd Dlo Kgefacù ta `kkov `cc oùto~k @k`tacg` gktaûug` `kd ta focr out`ncguf `k `takamau @~mokg`k ut`to#

mef cglo xf`t xù nogkh out`ncgufod ia~ Nch`~g`+ Ai ea~uo#

tfgu dgdk(t f`rrok ù gt xù kat gk tfo ûug`ku nout gkto~out+

Tfo N~gtguf io`~od uef ûug`k gkicokeo xgtf tfo

@~mokg`ku+ Tfow eakecdod tf`t ûug` xacd no ` h~o`to~

tf~o`t tf`k tfo Attam`ku+ Tfow ~o`cgzod ` ûug`k-damgk`tod

H~o`to~ @~mokg` xacd arok r tfo Ro~ug`k Hci `kd tfoGkdg`k Aeo`k xfo~o tfo N~gtguf rauuouugaku gk Gkdg` eacd no

tf~o`tokod+

H~o`to~ @~mokg` dgd kat eamo gkta nogkh ù tfo

@~mokg`ku x`ktod+ Faxoyo~# tfo @~mokg`k aiigeo~u gk tfo

ûug`k `~mw eaktgkod xa~lgkh ta utg~ dgueaktokt `makh tfo

Attam`k @~mokg`ku nw uhhoutgkh tfow xa~l nw tfomuocyou

ta uoe~o tfo u`mo ua~t ai gkdorokdokeo ù tf`t uoe~od nw tfoEf~gutg`ku gk tfo N`cl`ku+

Gt mut no katod tf`t gk tfo 0622u# @~mokg`ku xo~o ue`t-

to~od xgtfgk `kd nowakd ` ~ohgak tf`t tad`w m`~lu @~mokg`#

Hoa~hg`# @zo~n`gj`k# G~`k# `kd oùto~k T~low+ Oyo~wxfo~o#

oveort gk ` iox um`cc raelotu# @~mokg`ku xo~o ` um`cc

mgka~gtw rarc`tgak+ @u tfo ûug`ku èpg~od c`kdu uatf ai

tfo Eèùu Makt`gku# tfow ~omayod tfo Mucgmrarc`tgaku tf`t e`mo kdo~ tfog~ eakt~ac+ Tfo Mucgmu xo~o

~orcèod xgtf Ef~gutg`ku xfam tfo ûug`ku tfahft xacd no

caw`c ta tfo ûug`k Ef~gutg`k hayo~kmokt+ Ef~gutg`k @~mo-

kg`ku xo~o tfo iae`c ragkt ai tfgu racgew `kd xo~o hgyok c`kdu

tfo ûug`ku ant`gkod xgtfat r`wgkh `kw eamroku`tgak+

Gk tfo O~gy`k R~aygkeo# xfgef gu tfo fo`~t ai mado~k-d`w

@~mokg`# tfo m`ja~gtw ai tfo rarc`tgak xù Mucgm noia~o


14/76

04

tfow xo~o ~omayod+ Tfo ûug`ku ~orcèod tfom xgtf @~mo-

kg`ku+ Tfgu gu fax @~mokg` èpg~od xf`t gt tad`w e`ccu gtu

fguta~ge famoc`kd# kat ù dg~oet doueokd`ktu i~am tfo

ngncge`c Ka`f# ù m`kw @~mokg`ku ec`gm# nt nw ûug`kunotxook tfo wo`~u 06>8 `kd 0686+

D~gkh tfo ûug`k-ia~eod Mucgm ~omay`c# gt xù kat

keammak ia~ r ta ako-tfg~d ai tfo Mucgmu xfa xo~o

ia~eod aii tfog~ r~aro~tw ta dgo+

Tfo ûug`ku ia~egncw ~omayod uamo 0+5 mgccgak

Mucgmu notxook 06>8 `kd 0686+ ûug` ut`~tod x`~u xgtf tfo

Attam`ku gk 06>6# 06?4# `kd 0688+ Oèf tgmo tfo ûug`kuxacd `dy`keo# tfok no ia~eod ta ~ot~o`t+ Xfok tfo ûug`ku

~ot~o`tod# tfo @~mokg`ku# io`~gkh Mucgm ~ot`cg`tgak ia~ tfo

ygacokeo tfow f`d dako ta tfo kak-Ef~gutg`ku# xacd icoo xgtf

tfo ûug`ku+

Gk tfo 0672u# tfo~o xo~o @~mokg`k ~onoccgaku gk oùto~k

@k`tacg`+ Tfo okd ~ouct xù m`kw Mucgmu `kd Ef~gutg`ku

xo~o lgccod+ Tfo u`mo tfgkh f`rrokod `h`gk d~gkh tfoûug`k ôyactgak gk 072? gk @zo~n`gj`k+

@ egygc x`~ n~alo at `h`gk notxook Ef~gutg`ku `kd

Mucgmu xfok Xa~cd X`~ G noh`k+ @~mokg`k ~oyactgak`~gou#

m`kw t~`gkod gk ûug`# `ttomrtod ta t`lo m`ja~ Attam`k

egtgou gk oùto~k @k`tacg`+ Tfow dgd m`k`ho ta e`rt~o tfo

k`~mod egtw ai Y`k `kd facd gt ktgc tfo ûug`ku `~~gyod+

Tfo @~mokg`ku lgccod `cc nt ` iox Mucgm egygcg`ku gk tfoegtw `kd ko`~nw ygcc`hou+ Uef lgccgkhu nw natf ugdou xokt ak

ktgc 07>2# txa wo`~u ìto~ tfo x`~ aiigeg`ccw okdod+ M`kw ai

tfo Mucgm Attam`k T~lu `kd @~mokg`k Ef~gutg`ku dgod

i~am ut`~y`tgak `kd dguoùo+

Tfo~o gu ka fguta~ge`c moktgak gk tovtnaalu ai tfgu

eacauu`c Mucgm cauu+ Tfouo tovtnaalu tocc tfo uta~gou ai mù-

uè~ou nw Mucgmu ai Ef~gutg`k @~mokg`ku# Ef~gutg`k Nch`-


15/76

0?

~g`ku# `kd Ef~gutg`k H~oolu+ Nt tfo~o `~o ka x~gttok èeaktu

gk Xouto~k tovtnaalu ai Mucgm cauuou `kd mùuè~ou eam-

mgttod nw Ef~gutg`k roarcou+

Gk tfo _kgtod Ut`tou# tfo Ef~gutg`k @~mokg`k-@mo~ge`kroarco f`yo maktod e`mr`ghku gk ~oeokt wo`~u ta hot egtgou#

ut`tou# `kd tfo k`tgak`c hayo~kmokt ta eakdomk Mucgm T~-

low ia~ eammgttgkh xf`t tfo @~mokg`k ec`gm gu ` hokaegdo gk

070? ai uamo 0+? mgccgak ai Ef~gutg`k @~mokg`ku+ Gi uef `

uta~w gu m`do r nw @~mokg`k-@mo~ge`k Ef~gutg`ku ta urra~t

@~mokg`k `hokdù# atfo~ Ef~gutg`ku mut arrauo tfom+


16/76

09

EF@RTO^ AKO

Facw To~~a~

Tfo @~mokg`k H~oha~g`k a~ A~tfadav Ef~ef

@~mokg` gu `k ov`mrco ai tfo oygc tf`t e`k f`rrok xfok

ef~ef `kd ut`to èt ù ako+ Tfo oygdokeo gu eco`~ tf`t i~am tfo

nohgkkgkh ai tfo Attam`k Omrg~o# tfo hayo~kmokt xù

eakegcg`ta~w tax`~d Ef~gutg`ku ù xocc ù ta atfo~ ~ocghgaku+ Gk

tfo o`~cw d`wu ai Attam`k ~co# Ef~gutg`k roù`ktu `rr~oeg`tod

tfo eakpoutu tf`t rcèod tfom kdo~ Mucgm eakt~ac+ Tfo

roù`ktu xo~o cgno~`tod i~am tfo ovètgak `kd `nuou ai

Ef~gutg`k iod`c ayo~ca~du+ Tfo Attam`ku n~ahft c`x `kd

a~do~ gkta tfog~ cgyou# `kd `cua h`yo tfom i~oodam ai ~ocghgak+

Gk 0?59# tfo Attam`k hayo~kmokt okto~od gkta `k `h~oo-

mokt xgtf tfo I~okef tf`t ro~mgttod tfom ta t~`do tf~ahfat

Attam`k c`kdu+ Tat`c ~ocghgau cgno~tw xù `cua hgyok ta tfo

I~okef+ Tfow xo~o h~`ktod tfo ~ghft ta m`gkt`gk tfo h`~d aitfo Facw Rcèou# xfgef e~o`tod ` I~okef r~atoeta~`to ayo~ `cc

tfo E`tfacgeu gk tfo Attam`k Omrg~o+

Tfo~o fù nook mef x~gttok `nat fax tfo Attam`k

Omrg~o ia~eod Ef~gutg`ku ta omn~èo Guc`m+ Tfgu gu katfgkh

ma~o tf`k igetgak+ Tfo h~`ktgkh ai ~ocghgau i~oodam xgtfgk

tfo Attam`k Omrg~o# gk ièt# gu xf`t ctgm`tocw eakt~gntod ta

gtu daxki`cc+ Tfo ûug`ku co`~kod i~am tfgu Attam`k mgut`lo`kd ètod èea~dgkhcw ù tfow ovr`kdod tfog~ axk gmro~g`c

omrg~o+

Tfo Attam`ku e`rt~od Ef~gutg`k Eakut`ktgkarco gk

04?5+ Tfo~oìto~# tfo k`mo ai tfgu h~o`t egtw noe`mo Gut`knc+

Tfo Attam`k uct`k f`d `c~o`dw ~oeahkgzod A~tfadav Ef~gu-

tg`ku `kd gk 0490 `rragktod Fay`lgm Ay`lgm# tfo @~mokg`k

ngufar ai N~u`# ta no tfo r`t~g`~ef ai `cc @~mokg`ku xgtfgk


17/76

08

tfo Attam`k Omrg~o+ Tfgu xù ` tgmo ai ka O~aro`k `hgt`-

tgak ai tfo Ef~gutg`k rarc`tgaku+

@~mokg`ku xo~o ua t~utxa~tfw xgtfgk tfo Attam`k

Omrg~o# tfow noe`mo lkaxk ù caw`c eammkgtgou ai tfouct`k+ Tfo uct`k ~oeahkgzod tfog~ Ef~gutg`k ~ocghgak `kd h`yo

tfom ~ghftu `kd cgno~tgou+ Faxoyo~# ù tfo Attam`k Omrg~o

noh`k ta doecgko# uamo @~mokg`k co`do~u ghka~od `cc tfo

uct`ku f`d dako ia~ tfog~ roarco tf~ahfat tfo Attam`k

ro~gad+ Tfouo koxcw dgucaw`c @~mokg`ku noh`k gkt~ghou xgtf

O~aro`ku gk tfo `ttomrt ta t`lo Attam`k c`kdu ia~ i~oo xfgco

nogkh kdo~ tfo r~atoetgak ai O~aro`k raxo~u+ ûug` xùtfo ig~ut m`ja~ raxo~ xgtf xfgef tfouo iox @~mokg`k co`do~u

noh`k ta do`c+ Tfouo u`mo @~mokg`ku co`do~u r~otokdod ta no

caw`c ta tfo uct`ku xfgco tfow `gdod gk t`lgkh Attam`k c`kdu+

Ez`~ Roto~ tfo H~o`t &0967-08>?' m`do haad uo ai tfo

@~mokg`k dgucaw`ctw ta gky`do tfo Eèùu+ Tfo @~mokg`ku

eaktgkod ta focr tfo ûug`ku kdo~ E`tfo~gko GG &089>-

0879'+ Natf Roto~ `kd E`tfo~gko i`gcod ta loor tfog~ r~amguouta tfo @~mokg`ku# xfa koyo~tfocouu eaktgkod tfog~ dgucaw`ctw

ta tfo Attam`ku `kd eaktgkod tfog~ focr ta tfo ûug`ku#

d~o`mgkh ai i~oo c`kdu `kd ` ut`to ai tfog~ axk+

Gk 0626 Ez`~ @cov`kdo~ G &G620-06>?' r~ouoktod D`kgoc#

tfo E`tfacgeau ai tfo @~mokg`k Ef~ef xgtf tfo a~do~ ai Ut+

@kko# ig~ut ecùu# ia~ fgu ourgak`ho xa~l focrgkh tfo ûug`ku+

Gk tfo wo`~u tf`t iaccaxod# tfo ûug`ku rufod oyo~ xoutx`~dgkta Attam`k c`kdu# `cx`wu xgtf tfo focr ai tfo @~mokg`k

Ef~ef# xfgef ~oro`todcw e`ccod ak tfo ûug`ku ta u`yo tfom

i~am Mucgm arr~ouugak+

Mef gu x~gttok tad`w `nat tfo kr~ayalod `ttèl tfo

@~mokg`ku# xgtf ` ngccgak dacc`~u( xa~tf ai ûug`k mgcgt`~w

`~mu `kd urrcgou# m`do gk 077> rak L`~`n`lf# xfgef gu `

r`~t ai koghfna~gkh @zo~n`gj`k+ Gk tfo o`~cw G622u tfgu c`kd


18/76

06

xù rarc`tod nw ` c`~ho kmno~ ai Mucgmu+ @ito~ tfo

ûug`ku taal tfgu c`kd i~am tfo Attam`ku# @~mokg`ku mayod

gkta Mucgm famou+ Tad`w# tfo @~mokg`ku ec`gm L`~`n`lf ù

` r`~t ai tfog~ `kegokt famoc`kd+ Tfo @~mokg`k doigkgtgakai `kegokt gk tfgu eùo gu n`~ocw txa fkd~od wo`~u acd+

Ef~gutg`k Mguugak`~gou gk @k`tacg`

Nohgkkgkh gk tfo mgd-06?2u xgtfgk @k`tacg`# kox yageou

noh`k ta no fo`~d: O~aro`k `kd @mo~ge`k mguugak`~gou+

Tfouo Ef~gutg`k mguugak`~gou e~o`tod m`kw r~ancomu ia~ tfo

Attam`k hayo~kmokt+ Tfo @~mokg`k `tfa~ @+R+ Y`~taahg`kx~ato tf`t tfo mguugak`~gou( gkt~adetgak ai E`tfacgegum `kd

R~atout`ktgum `makh tfo @~mokg`ku f`d ` ma~o ~gkau

oiioet ak tfo k`tgak tf`k `kwtfgkh ocuo oyo~ f`d+

ûug` xù ugkh tfo @~mokg`ku gk gtu pout ta ~oèf tfo

x`~m x`to~u ai tfo Modgto~~`ko`k ua gt eacd et aii

Okhc`kd(u ~ato ta Gkdg`+ N~gt`gk xù `ttomrtgkh ta uo

R~atout`kt @~mokg`ku ta r~atoet gtu cgiocgko ta Gkdg` nw facdgkhnèl natf ûug`k `kd I~`keo+ Tfo I~okef m`do uo ai

E`tfacge @~mokg`ku ia~ tfog~ axk gkto~outu gk tfo Ko`~ Oùt+

Akcw tfo @mo~ge`ku dgdk(t f`yo ` eco`~-et k`tgak`c anjoetgyo+

@cc tfo raxo~u uod Ef~gutg`k ~ocghgak ta gkto~yoko gk tfo

gkto~k`c nugkouu ai tfo Attam`k hayo~kmokt Tfo fguta~ge`c

~oea~d eco`~cw ufaxu oèf ai tfo raxo~u aitok gkjoetod gtuoci gk

tfo Attam`k hayo~kmokt ìi`g~u# ec`gmgkh tfo ~ghft ta da ua tar~atoet Ef~gutg`ku+ Tfgu akhagkh gkto~io~okeo xù ` m`ja~ ~o`-

uak ia~ tfo gke~oùod ~onoccgau ètgygtgou ai tfo @~mokg`ku+

Tfgu xù tfo fguta~ge`c ro~gad xfok tfo~o xo~o gke~oùgkh

@~mokg`k ètu ai gku~~oetgak `kd to~~a~gum+ Nw tfouo

utorrod-r to~~a~gut ètu# tfo @~mokg`ku tfomuocyou e~o`tod

xf`t noe`mo lkaxk ù tfo @~mokg`k poutgak xgtfgk tfo

hayo~kmoktu ai tfo raxo~u+


19/76

07

Gk Jko 09# 0662# Cgotok`kt-Eacakoc E+X+ Xgcuak# N~g-

tguf Eakuc Hoko~`c ia~ @k`tacg`# ~ora~tod ta fgu hayo~kmokt

fgu ovro~gokeo xgtf tfo @~mokg`ku+ Fo doue~gnod tfom ù

nogkh h~oodw ai h`gk# mautcw oktg~ocw xgtfat ode`tgak+Gmma~`c# i`k`tge# nghatod# `kd eamrcotocw kdo~ tfo gkicokeo

ai `k gccgto~`to# ghka~`kt `kd uoku`c r~goutfaad xfa arrauod

`cc ode`tgak `kd `dy`keomokt+

F`~acd @~mut~akh doue~gnod tfo @~mokg`ku ù ` maut

ygha~au `kd rufgkh roarco< okygod `kd gcc-uralok ai+

Faxoyo~# tfow `~o `cua `~hmokt`tgyo# p`~~ocuamo# `kd

h~o`t lkax-gt-`ccu+ @~mut~akh eakecdou fgu oy`c`tgak ai@~mokg`ku nw u`wgkh tfow `~o e~ìtw# h~ùrgkh# uoe~otgyo#

èpgugtgyo# `kd dgufakout# m`lgkh ` h~o`t r~otokeo ai ~ocghgak#

nt ugkh gt ù ` eca`l ia~ t~oèfo~w `kd h~ood+

Gk J`k`~w 066># N~gtguf Eakuc M`ja~ Xgccg`m Oyo~ott

unmgttod ` eakigdoktg`c ~ora~t ta Ca~d Diio~gk# N~gtguf

`mnùu`da~ gk Gut`knc+ Gk tfo ~ora~t Oyo~ott okecauod `

daemokt tf`t xù xgdocw eg~ec`tod `makh tfo @~mokg`ku gkO~z~m &gk ka~tfoùto~k T~low' `kd tf~ahfat tfo

r~aygkeo+ Tfo daemokt xù `k okcgutmokt ia~m ta jagk `

uoe~ot `~mw+ Oyo~w @~mokg`k xfa okcgutod uxa~o tf`t fgu

anjoetgyo xù ta ighft ia~ tfo i~oodam ai tfo eakt~w+

Gk 0668# @~mokg`k @yotgu K`z`~nolg`k iakdod ` kox

racgtge`c mayomokt gk Hokoy` e`ccod Fkef`l &Nocc'+ Tfgu

a~h`kgz`tgak xù nùod ak M`~vgut-Uaeg`cgut r~gkegrcou+ Gk0672# tfo @~mokg`k ôyactgak`~w Iodo~`tgak &Dùfk`l-

utwk' xù a~h`kgzod gk Tgicgu ak k`tgak`c Uaeg`cgut r~gk-

egrcou+ Tfo iakdo~u xo~o L~gut`ra~ Mglo`cgm# Utor`k Z`~t`k#

`kd Ugmak Z`y`~g`k+ Oèf ai tfouo gkdgygd`cu xù ode`tod

gk ûug`k kgyo~ugtgou+ Natf ai tfouo h~aru x`ktod `k

gkdorokdokt T~lguf @~mokg` gk tfo ugv oùto~k r~aygkeou+


20/76

>2

K`z`~nolg`k noe`mo ako ai tfo maut ~tfcouu `kd

mgcgt`kt @~mokg`k co`do~u+ Gt xù fgu anjoetgyo ta ua utg~ tfo

Ef~gutg`k @~mokg`ku `kd ta gkic`mo tfo Mucgm T~lu ta

~oèt# ua Ef~gutg`k O~aro`k raxo~u xacd noeamo gkyacyod`kd out`ncguf `k @~mokg`k ut`to+ @~mokg`k to~~a~gutu xacd

r~ayalo Mucgmu nw akhagkh ètu ai ygacokeo+ Xfo~o tfo

Mucgmu xacd ~ourakd# K`z`~nolg`k `kd atfo~ @~mokg`ku

xacd e~w at tf`t tfo n`~n`~au Mucgm T~lu xo~o

mùuè~gkh tfo gkkaeokt Ef~gutg`k @~mokg`ku+

Katfgkh eacd f`yo nook i~tfo~ i~am tfo t~tf+

Tfo Fkef`l co`do~u a~do~od caw`c @~mokg`k iaccaxo~uta ovto~mgk`to xfam tfow tfahft xo~o tfo maut d`kho~au

ai natf @~mokg`k `kd Attam`k T~lu xfa eacd e~o`to

r~ancomu gk cae`c ygcc`hou `kd egtgou+ Tfouo to~~a~gutu koyo~

fougt`tod ta eammgt eacd-ncaadod m~do~ ai Mucgm T~lu+

Tfow `cua lgccod xo`ctfw @~mokg`ku tfow eacd kat ncèl m`gc

`kd xfa ~oiuod ta hgyo tfom makow+ Gk atfo~ xa~du# tfouo

tfhu lgccod tfog~ axk roarco jut noeùo tfow xo~o katxgccgkh ta eaaro~`to `kd noeamo r`~t ai tfog~ oygc ètu+

Gk @hut 0667# Eacakoc Efo~mugdo# tfo N~gtguf eakuc

gk O~z~m# ~ora~tod ta Xgccg`m Xfgto# tfo N~gtguf `mnù-

u`da~ gk Gut`knc# tf`t ut`tomoktu ù ta docgno~`to `ttomrtu ta

ovto~mgk`to tfo @~mokg`ku `kd tfo xfacou`co ~oe~gtgkh ai

f`~omu xgtf lgdk`rrod hg~cu `~o ov`hho~`tgaku ua h~auu ù ta

no ~gdgecau+Gk tfo i`cc ai 0667# tfo N~gtguf ygeo eakuc ~ora~tod ta tfo

eakuc tf`t @~mokg`ku f`d e~o`tod ygacokeo notxook Ef~gu-

tg`ku `kd Mucgmu gk rcèou xfo~o @~mokg`ku xo~o ` yo~w

um`cc mgka~gtw+ Tfo @~mokg`k to~~a~gutu lgccod uoyo~`c Mu-

cgmu `kd utg~~od r tfauo xfa ~om`gkod `cgyo+ Tfo r~rauo ai

uef ètu xù ta r~ayalo tfo Mucgmu gkta `ttèfgkh tfo

mgka~gtw Ef~gutg`ku `kd tfo to~~a~gutu xacd tfok e~w at


21/76

>0

i`k`tge`c Mucgmu xo~o mùuè~gkh @~mokg`k Ef~gutg`ku+

Akeo tfo @~mokg`k to~~a~gutu m`do r`kd tacd tfouo uta~gou#

tfow lkox gt xacd no ur~o`d nw tfo dgiio~okt @~mokg`k

a~h`kgz`tgaku tf~ahfat O~aro+ Jut ako ai tfo m`kwov`mrcou xù ` uta~w rncgufod nw tfoCakdak D gcw Koxu ak

Doeomno~ 00# 0667+ Tfo koxur`ro~ ut`tod `k @~mokg`k

cgygkh gk tfo ygcc`ho ai Zgtz`k f`d nook ~aùtod ta do`tf nw

Mucgmu+ N~gtguf ygeo eakuc Doyow e`ccod tfo koxur`ro~

`~tgeco `nu~d+

Ef~ef aiigeg`cu r~aygdod r~ètge`c focr ta tfo to~~a~gutu+

Ako ov`mrco xù tfo makùto~w ai Do~gl# xfgef xù cae`todjut è~auu tfo Attam`k-Ro~ug`k na~do~ gk Ro~ug + N`h~`t

Y`~t`lòc T`y`~lcg`k xù tfo `nnat ai tfo makùto~w# xfgef

fo t~kod gt gkta `k `~uok`c `kd gkigct~`tgak eokto~ ia~

@~mokg`k to~~a~gutu `kd tfog~ ètgygtgou gk Attam`k c`kdu+

Tfow uod ygacokeo ù tfog~ r~gm`~w xo`rak kat akcw

`h`gkut Mucgmu nt `cua ak tfog~ ioccax @~mokg`ku gi tfow

dgdkt urra~t a~ eaaro~`to xgtf tfom+ Tfouo to~~a~gutumtgc`tod tfo nadgou ai tfog~ ygetgmu ta e~o`to fa~~a~ `kd

io`~+ Gk Jko 0675# ko`~ tfo eakyokt `t Lgcguo# ` kmno~ ai

@~mokg`ku xo~o lgccod `kd èeuod ai nogkh gkia~mo~u+

@ito~ tfo @~mokg`ku xo~o lgccod nw tfog~ axk# tfo to~~a-

~gutu et aii tfog~ o`~u `kd k`gcod tfom `nayo tfo okt~`keo

daa~ ai tfo eakyokt+

@+J+@~kacd xù tfo uoe~ot`~w ai tfo Oy`khocge`c@ccg`keo+ Gk Ion~`~w 0674 fo anuo~yod tf`t tfo co`do~u ai tfo

@~mokg`k to~~a~gut mayomokt xo~o `ttomrtgkh ta dgygdo

T~low ia~ tfog~ axk uociguf matgyou+

@~kacd c`to~ x~ato gk ` R~ounwto~g`k rncge`tgak: Fù

tfgu @~mokg`k t~anco nook# ìto~ `cc# ` ro~uoetgak# ak

~ocghgau h~akdu# ai c`x-`ngdgkh# Had-io`~gkh mok# a~ fù gt

nook ` egygc `kd mgcgt`~w r~auoetgak ai ~oelcouu# mguhgdod


22/76

>>

mok ia~ fghf t~oùak `kd m~do~1 @~kacd `kuxo~od fgu axk

poutgak: Tfo @~mokg`ku xo~o ~oelcouu# mguhgdod mok xfa

xo~o eammgttgkh fghf t~oùak `kd m~do~u+

Momno~u ai tfo @d`r z`~g @~mokg k eammgttoo okh`hod gk

r~aygugak ai ~mu# mmkgtgak `kd namnu &070?'

Tfo @~mokg`k to~~a~gutu xo~o ua ~tfcouu tfow oyok

m`do `k `ttomrt ta ùuùugk`to tfog~ axk ef~ef r`t~g`~ef+

Tfo I~okef `mnùu`da~ gk Gut`knc x~ato ` ~ora~t `nat tfo

e~gmgk`c èt+ Tfo `mnùu`da~ ut`tod tf`t ak Ukd`w# @r~gc >8#

0674# R`t~g`~ef @ufglg`k# xfgco ~ot~kgkh ta Gut`knc ìto~ `

~ocghgau eo~omakw `t tfo Lml`rg ef~ef# xù `ttèlod nw

`k oghftook-wo`~-acd @~mokg`k naw xfa `ttomrtod ta ufaat

tfo r`t~g`~ef nt fgu rgutac i`gcod ta ig~o+ Tfo oghftook-wo`~-acd

ut`tod tf`t fo xù ` momno~ ai tfo Fkef`l to~~a~gut

a~h`kgz`tgak+


23/76

>5

Gk Ion~`~w 067? Ug~ Occgu N`~tcott# ` momno~ ai N~gtguf

r`~cg`mokt# rncgufod ` r`mrfcot `nat tfo @~mokg`k e`m-

r`ghku ai to~~a~+ Fo ut`tod tf`t maut ai tfo t`cou ua xgdocw

eg~ec`tod gk eakkoetgak xgtf tfo T~ea-@~mokg`k gkegdoktu#xo~o m`kièt~od `kd dg~oetod nw tfo maut gm`hgk`tgyo `kd

m`coyacokt urg~gt+ Tfo docgno~`to anjoet ai tfo `hgt`ta~u xù

kat ta ant`gk ~od~ouu ia~ tfo @~mokg`k uiio~gkhu# nt ta ovegto

ioocgkhu gk tfog~ eakt~w &Okhc`kd' `h`gkut T~low `kd tfo

T~lu+

N`~tcott ragktod at eco`~cw tfo @~mokg`k ec`gm tf`t tfo

Ef~gutg`k unjoetu ai tfo uct`k xo~o dokgod `cc cgno~tw# `kd`t~aegaucw r~ouoktod xù ` tfa~ahfcw i`cuo ako+ Fo

eaktgkod nw u`wgkh ka atfo~ hayo~kmokt f`d ia~ tfo rùt

ia~ eokt~gou ufaxk ua mef taco~`tgak# a~ hgyok ua mef

~ocghgau i~oodam ù tf`t ai tfo Attam`k Omrg~o+ Oyo~w ia~m

ai ~ocghgak H~ool# Joxguf# Kouta~g`k# âm`k E`tfacge `kd

`cc atfo~u xo~o `ccaxod ro~ioet cgno~tw ai r~ètgeo `kd

daet~gko+N`~tcott ut`tod tf`t M+ Vgmoou# ` Ur`kguf hoah~`rfo~

`kd ` m`k ai uegokeo# ` hoktcom`k ai mef `ngcgtw `kd hoko~`c

gkia~m`tgak xù `k owoxgtkouu ta tfo ~onoccgak `kd tf`t fo#

taa# eakt~`dgetod tfo @~mokg`k mùuè~o `ccoh`tgaku+

Vgmoou xù ` ygugta~ ta m`kw ai tfo rcèou xfo~o tfo

@~mokg`ku `ccohod at~`hou f`d t`lok rcèo+ Fo ut`tod gk

eco`~ `kd ugmrco to~mu tf`t tfo uta~gou ua xgdocw eg~ec`tod gkuef ` fa~~gnco c`kh`ho `kd xgtf uef eg~emut`ktg`c dot`gc#

xù ` hgh`ktge i~`d+ Vgmoou ut`tod tf`t tfo uta~gou ai

tfau`kdu ai @~mokg`ku nogkh m~do~od# tfog~ xamok nogkh

~`rod# ai uea~ou ai ygcc`hou nogkh dout~awod# ai ta~t~ou `kd

at~`hou ai m`kw lgkdu nogkh gkicgetod rak tfo r~goutu#

xamok `kd mok# `~o ugmrcw tfo xgcdout gkyoktgak ai

i`cuofaad+ N`~tcott `cua patod i~am Vgmoou# xfa anuo~yod


24/76

>4

tf`t @~mokg`ku `~o# ai `cc tfo a~gokt`c ~èou# tfo maut untco#

`d~agt `kd r~ako ta cwgkh+

N`~tcott eakecdod nw u`wgkh tf`t Okhc`kd `kd# ta `

eo~t`gk ovtokt# O~aro# f`yo nook gmrauod rak nw ` hgh`ktgedoeortgak+ Gk r`~tgec`~ r~ar~gota~u `kd odgta~u ai tfo h~o`t

Okhcguf ja~k`cu f`yo gke~~od ` yo~w uo~gau ~ourakugngcgtw nw

r~gktgkh# ù tfow ~oelcouucw f`yo dako# oyo~w t`co m`kw ai

tfom ua `nu~d `kd gmrauugnco ù ta no`~ tfog~ eakt~`dgetgak

ak tfo ièo ai tfom xfgef fù nook ra~od ia~tf nw tfo

@~mokg`k m`kièt~gkh ai cgou+ Uef uroegmoku ai

m`kièt~od `t~aegtgou `cc e`mo i~am @~mokg`k ua~eou `kdxo~o rncgufod gk N~gtguf r~ouu+

Momno~u ai tfo Fkef`l @~mokg k to~~a~gut a~h`kgz`tgak

E`rt`gk Ef`~cou Ka~m`k# ` N~gtguf `~tgcco~w aiigeo~ uokt

ta tfo Attam`k Omrg~o# ~ora~tod tf`t tfo Fkef`l

eammgttoo xù dg~oetcw ~ourakugnco ia~ `cc tfo ncaadufod gk

@k`tacg` ia~ tfo rùt igyo wo`~u+ Fo ut`tod tf`t @~mokg`k


25/76

>?

`ccoh`tgaku tf`t tfo Mucgmu f`d ut`~tod tfo gkegdoktu xo~o

jut kat t~o+

Fo u`gd N~gtguf ja~k`cgutu xo~o drod nw @~mokg`ku+

Ka~m`k `ddod tf`t tfo N~gtguf r~ouu ~ora~tu ai xf`t fo e`ccodtfo taefgkh uta~w ai @~mokg`k m`t~aku tf~axgkh tfog~

efgcd~ok ayo~ tfo ecgii `t @kt`lf D`hf &Uùk'# `kd tfog~

jmrgkh ayo~ tfomuocyou ta `yagd dgufaka~# gu `k `nuacto

mwtf+ Tfo e`rt`gk poutgakod tfo @~mokg`k uo ai rarc`-

tgak kmno~u `kd u`gd tfow xo~o yo~w mef ov`hho~`tod ù

xo~o tfo igh~ou cgutgkh tfog~ ygetgmu+

N~gtguf ygeo eakuc E`rt`gk Dgeluak x~ato ` ~ora~t ta@mnùu`da~ Caxtfo~ ak Uortomno~ 52# 0726: Tfo @~mokg`k

gk unjoetgak# uef ù G f`yo uook fgm# gu `k kuwmr`tfotge#

mo`k# e~gkhgkh# kue~rcau# cwgkh# tfgoygkh# `kd# hgyok fgu

i~oodam# fo cauou kako ai tfouo n`d p`cgtgou# nt gk `ddgtgak

noeamou gkuacokt# damgkoo~gkh# douratge+ Fo gu okdaxod xgtf

` ua~t ai uko`l tfgoi uf`~rkouu# xfgef `makh ghka~`kt roarco

gk tfouo r`~tu rùuou ia~ gktoccghokeo+Ak M`w 0># 070?# Ug~ Fok~w MeF`fak# tfo N~gtguf

fghf eammguugako~ gk E`g~a# uokt ` uoe~ot mouu`ho ta tfo

ia~oghk Aiigeo gk Cakdak+ Tfo fghf eammguugako~ ~ora~tod

tf`t tfo @~mokg`ku xo~o e~o`tgkh c`~ho-ue`co r~ancomu ia~ tfo

T~lguf @~mw+

Ak @r~gc >4# 070?# tfo Attam`k hayo~kmokt m`do tfo

doegugak ta ~omayo tfo @~mokg`ku i~am `cc ut~`tohge rcèouxfo~o m`kw ai tfom xo~o ùugutgkh tfo ûug`ku+ Ak M`w >9#

070?# tfo Attam`k hayo~kmokt dg~oetod tfo mgkgut~w ai tfo

gkto~ga~ ta oyè`to tfo @~mokg`ku i~am tfo oùto~k r~aygkeou

gk @k`tacg`+ Tfow xo~o ta no uokt i`~ okahf `x`w ua ù ta

r~oyokt tfom i~am ~oa~h`kgzgkh kox ~onoccgaku `kd ho~~gcc`

ètgygtgou+


26/76

>9

Tfo~o xo~o ugt`tgaku xfo~o gkdgygd`c T~lu dgd t`lo

`dy`kt`ho ai tfo @~mokg`ku `kd `t~aegtgou xo~o eammgttod+

Faxoyo~# tfo ~oea~d gu eco`~ tfo Attam`k hayo~kmokt c`to~

n~ahft e~gmgk`c ef`~hou `kd eakygetod 0#578 T~lu ia~e~gmou `h`gkut tfo @~mokg`ku+ Ugkeo tfo Attam`k hayo~kmokt

rkgufod 0#578 ai gtu axk aiigeg`cu ia~ eammgttgkh `t~aegtgou

`h`gkut @~mokg`ku# fax e`k tfo Attam`k hayo~kmokt no

hgctw ai hokaegdo1

Xù tfo~o hokaegdo1 Tfo N~gtguf hayo~kmokt ka

i~gokd ai tfo T~lu dgdk(t tfgkl ua `t tfo tgmo+ Ak J`k`~w

09# 07>2# X+U+ Odmakdu# eakuc`~ aiigeo~ ai tfo Oùto~kDor`~tmokt xfo~o tfo @~mokg`ku `ccoho tfo hokaegdo taal

rcèo# r~or`~od tfo mgktou ai ` ia~oghk aiigeo mootgkh# xfgef

ut`tod# tfo~o gu kat okahf oygdokeo fo~o ta n~gkh famo tfo

ef`~ho ai mùuè~o `kw ecauo~+ Dxghft Auna~ko# ` eco~l ai

tfo Oùto~k Dor`~tmokt katod# Ak tfo eakt~`~w# tfo cùt

r`~`h~`rf ai tfo a~do~ ai tfo &Attam`k' Mgkguto~ ai tfo

Gkto~ga~ uroegige`ccw x`~ku `h`gkut moù~ou cglocw ta co`d tamùuè~ou+

Eakugdo~ tfo gmra~t`keo ai Oefmg`dzgk ta tfo @~mokg`k

Ef~ef+ Gt gu e`ccod tfog~ facw egtw+ Gt xù tfo h`tfo~gkh

rcèo ai tfo 0#822-wo`~ `kkgyo~u`~w ai @~mokg`ku ec`gmgkh ta

no tfo ig~ut Ef~gutg`k ut`to ak o`~tf+ Tfo @~mokg`k Ef~ef(u

xon ugto ut`tou tfo Matfo~ Ef~ef ai Facw Oefmg`dzgk xù

eamrcotod gk tfo wo`~ 525 @D+Tfgu rcèo xù efauok ìto~tfo Facw Ygugak ai Ut+ H~oha~w tfo Gccmgk`ta~+ Fo ec`gmod ta

f`yo uook Jouu( doueokt i~am fo`yok ta tfo facw rcèo# fokeo

tfo k`mo Oefmg`dzgk< ugto ai tfo Ca~d(u doueokt# a~ tfo

doueokt ai tfo akcw nohattok Uak ai Had+ Tfgu xù tfo rcèo

xfo~o tfo efgoi r~gout ai tfo @~mokg`k(u xacd no tfo ig~ut ta

ut`~t tfo t`cc t`co ai ` T~lguf mùuè~o ai @~mokg`ku m`kw


27/76

>8

xoolu noia~o tfo oyokt eacd f`yo èt`ccw t`lok rcèo+

Ov`mgko tfo r~aai `kd tfo efgoi r~gout(u tgmot`nco:

Eakugdo~ tfgu fguta~ge`c ièt: Tfo Attam`k hayo~kmokt

m`do tfo doegugak ta ~omayo tfo @~mokg`ku ak @r~gc >4#070?# gk Gut`knc+ Tf~oo d`wu c`to~ noia~o tfo~o xù ` ut`~t ai

tfo èt`c ~omay`c ai tfo oùto~k @k`tacg` @~mokg`ku# tfo

E`tfacgeau ai Oefmg`dzgk tacd tfo ûug`k hayo~kmokt tfo

Attam`k hayo~kmokt xù eammgttgkh ` mùuè~o ai

@~mokg`ku+ Fax e`k ` mùuè~o t`lo rcèo xfok tfo

hayo~kmokt f`d kat ut`~tod tfo èt`c ~omay`c `kd kat `

ugkhco @~mokg`k f`d wot ta rèl ` n`h ta co`yo famo1Gt xù kat ktgc M`w 52 tf`t tfo Attam`k Eakegc ai

Mgkguto~u `rr~ayod tfo ~ocae`tgak ai tfo @~mokg`ku i~am

nofgkd tfo n`ttco cgkou ai tfo Attam`k `~mw gk oùto~k

@k`tacg` ugv d`wu ìto~ tfo @ccgou ai ûug`# Okhc`kd# `kd

I~`keo tacd tfom tfow xacd no focd èeakt`nco ia~ tfo

@~mokg`k mùuè~ou tf`t f`d `c~o`dw t`lok rcèo noeùo

ai tfo ~ocae`tgak tf`t f`dk(t oyok ut`~tod+@cc tfgu ia~oghk hayo~kmokt ètgygtw xù ut`~tod nw `k

@~mokg`k r~gout# xoolu noia~o tfo èt`c a~do~ ta mayo

@~mokg`ku f`d nook guuod+ Tfgu ec`gm ai ` mùuè~o gu `

t`cc t`co ut`~tod nw `k @~mokg`k r~gout eco`~cw xgtfat nùgu a~

ièt+

Ak Doeomno~ 7# 070?# tfo @~mokg`k Ef~ef r`t~g`~ef

yacktoo~od ta ~oe~gt >?2 @~mokg`k r~guako~u ai x`~ nogkhfocd gk Gkdg` ta jagk tfo I~okef Ia~oghk Cohgak `kd uokd tfom

ta Ewr~u ia~ t~`gkgkh+ Tfgu @~mokg`k I~okef Ia~oghk Cohgak

d(A~gokt ~oe~gtod nw tfo r`t~g`~ef xacd noeamo facw

to~~a~ ta gkkaeokt Mucgmu cgygkh gk oùto~k @k`tacg`+

N~gtguf aiigeo~u gk Egcgeg` eamrc`gkod tf`t tfo

@~mokg`ku cèlod `cc uokuo ai dguegrcgko `kd ~oiuod ta iaccax


28/76

>6

tfo a~do~u ai tfog~ axk aiigeo~u+ Gk do ea~uo# tfouo

@~mokg`ku t~kod ak tfo I~okef+

@dmg~`c N~gutac ~ora~tod tf`t fgu ua~eou `dyguod fgm

tf`t `cc tfo lgccgkhu hagkh ak gk Egcgeg` xo~o do ta tfo I~okeft~o`tmokt ai tfo T~lu ù kegygcgzod eacakg`cu `kd tfo I~okef

mgut`lo ai `~mgkh `kd urra~tgkh tfo @~mokg`ku+ &Tfgu

gkia~m`tgak gu i~am Ut`kia~d Uf`x< I~am Omrg~o ta

ôrncge# Yac+ GG# R 66> @kl`~`'

@ito~ tfo Nacufoygl ~oyactgak ai 0708 noh`k# ûug`k

t~aaru ighftgkh gk tfo Attam`k Omrg~o pgelcw douo~tod `kd

~ot~kod famo+ Tfo @~mokg`ku aeergod tfo T~lgufto~~gta~gou oyè`tod nw tfo ûug`ku+

M`ja~ O+X+E+ Kaoc ai tfo N~gtguf `~mw gkuroetod tfouo

c`kdu ` iox maktfu ìto~ tfo @~mokg`ku taal ef`~ho+ Fo igcod

`k aiigeg`c ~ora~t ai xf`t fo xgtkouuod ak nof`ci ai tfo N~gtguf

hayo~kmokt:

@u ` ~ouct ai tfouo maktfu ta~gkh tf~ahf tfo `~o`

aeergod `kd doyùt`tod nw tfo ûug`k @~mw `kd tfoEf~gutg`k `~mw ai ~oyokho èeamr`kwgkh tfom# d~gkh tfo

ur~gkh `kd ummo~ ai 0709# G f`yo ka fougt`tgak gk u`wgkh

tf`t tfo T~lu xacd no `nco ta m`lo at ù haad ` eùo

`h`gkut tfog~ okomgou ù tf`t r~ouoktod `h`gkut tfo T~lu+

@eea~dgkh ta tfo cmaut kgyo~u c toutgmakw ai tfo cae c gkf`-

ngt`ktu `kd owoxgtkouuou# ûug`ku ètgkh ak tfo gkutgh`tgak

`kd `dygeo ai @~mokg`ku xfa èeamr`kgod tfom m~do~od`kd ntefo~od gkdgue~gmgk`tocw `kw Mucgm momno~ ai tfo

egygc rarc`tgak xfa iocc gkta tfog~ f`kdu+ @ t~`yoco~ tf~ahf

tfo âx`kdz `kd Kocc dgut~getu xacd igkd xgdour~o`d

xfacou`co oygdokeo ai at~`hoau e~gmou eammgttod nw

Ef~gutg`ku ak Mucgmu+


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>7

@ N~gtguf eacakoc ~ora~tod tf`t tfo @~mokg`ku mù-

uè~od notxook 522#222 `kd 422#222 L~dguf Mucgmu gk

tfo Y`k `kd Ngtcgu dgut~getu+

Ak Ion~`~w >0# 0706# tfo~o xù ` N~gtguf Ia~oghkAiigeo ~ora~t tf`t ut`tou: G `m ì~ gd tfo~o gu ka dant tf`t

tfo @~mokg ku f`yo nook mùuè~gkh+ Eacakoc Rgko fù

~ora~tod gt ta EGTU# `kd gt gu akcw k`t~ c+ Rauugncw tfo couu

`ttoktgak e`ccod ta tfo m`tto~ tfo notto~+

Mucgm rarc tgak ai tfo Un`t`k uottcomokt# L`~u# uc`hfto~od nw tfo@~mokg k mgcgt`ktu &@r~gc >?# 0706'

M`~l Uwlou x~ato ` naal gk 070? tgtcod Tfo Ef`-

corf(u Cùt Fo~gt`ho+ Fo x~ato# Tfo @~mokg`k k`tgak`c

~oygy c xù ` e`c mgtw xfgef fù kat wot ~oèfod gtu

e`t ut~arfo+ Macc`fu `kd mguugak`~gou ufacd no rt kdo~

cael `kd low noia~o `kw uo~gau nugkouu gu kdo~t`lok+


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52

Tfo ôyo~okd Daeta~ Ew~u F`mcgk xù tfo ig~ut r~o-

ugdokt ai tfo @mo~ge`k mguugak`~w eaccoho gk Gut`knc &âno~t

Eaccoho'+ Fo ut`tou ` r~ar`h`kd` n~o` xù out`ncgufod gk

Cakdak gk tfo 0682u xfgef f`d# ia~ gtu anjoetgyo# tfo ia~oghkur~o`dgkh ai koxu tf`t m`do tfo T~lu `kd Mucgmu caal n`d+

Fo x~ato tf`t tfgu akhagkh `ttèl ak tfo T~lu ai tfgu ako-

ugdod `kd k~ocg`nco gkia~m`tgak `nat `kw roarco xacd#

ìto~ ` cakh ro~gad ai kef`ccokhod tgmo# xacd e~o`to

fautgcgtw `kd f`t~od tf`t xacd kat no oùgcw ayo~eamo+

Tfo~o e`k no ka poutgak nt tf`t i~am tfo nohgkkgkh ai

tfo @~mokg`k k`tgak`cgut mayomokt ut`~tod gk tfo 0622u+ Tfoo`~cw ro~gad xù iakdod ak tfo uo ai to~~a~gum `kd ygacokeo+

Kat akcw dgd tfo @~mokg`k Ef~ef kat uro`l at ù ` yageo ai

kakygacokeo `kd roèo gt ètgyocw taal r`~t gk `kd eakdakod

tfo e`mr`ghku ai to~~a~+

D~gkh tfo 0782u `kd 0762u @~mokg`k to~~a~gutu

t~`yocod tfo xa~cd ùuùugk`tgkh uoyoktw T~lguf dgrca-

m`tu# tfog~ i`mgcgou `kd gkkaeokt egygcg`ku+ Tfo @~mokg`kEf~ef# gk oyo~w k`tgak nt T~low# utaad ugcokt xfgco

m~do~ ìto~ m~do~ xù eammgttod+ Nw ut`kdgkh ugcokt#

tfo @~mokg`k Ef~ef eakdakod `kd `rr~ayod ai tfouo

xa~cdxgdo ètu ai to~~a~+

Tfo >220 Ef~gutg`k Okewecarodg` r~aygdou uamo gkto-

~outgkh gkia~m`tgak `nat @~mokg` `kd tfo @~mokg`k

H~oha~g`k a~ A~tfadav Ef~ef+ Tfgu rncge`tgak ~ora~tu tf`t@~mokg` ec`gmu ta f`yo ` rarc`tgak ai 5#?>2#222+ Tfo~o gu

gkia~m`tgak i~am atfo~ ua~eou tf`t ~oyo`c tf`t ma~o tf`k 0

mgccgak @~mokg`ku coit tfog~ tgkw ut`to notxook 077> `kd >220

`kd gt `rro`~u tf`t tfgu rarc`tgak cauu gu ro~f`ru kat ~oicoetod

gk tfouo rarc`tgak kmno~u+

@~mokg`ku ec`gm tf`t ai tfo 5#?>2#222 roarco gk tfog~

ut`to# >#7?7#2?0 `~o Ef~gutg`k+ @u ai >220# tfo~o xo~o akcw


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?#?96 Mucgmu `kd >4 Joxu ~om`gkgkh gk @~mokg`+ Ugv

wo`~u noia~o# gk 077?# tfo~o xo~o ma~o tf`k 0?2#222

Mucgmu gk @~mokg`+ Xfw dgd 04?#222 Mucgmu mayo at

ai tfo eakt~w d~gkh tfo rùt ugv wo`~u1 Tfo `kuxo~ gu tfootfkge eco`kugkh oiia~tu nw tfo @~mokg`k Ut`to `kd

ef~ef+

Gk tfo mgd-0622u# O~aro`k `kd @mo~ge`k R~atout`kt

mguugak`~gou xa~lod gk @~mokg` xgtf tfo ygugak ai ur~o`dgkh

tfo xa~d ai Jouu Ef~gut+ Tfo @~mokg`k H~oha~g`k eco~hw

arrauod tfouo ia~oghk Ef~gutg`ku `kd oveammkge`tod `kw

@~mokg`k xfa iaccaxod tfom+Tfo oiia~tu ai tfo mguugak`~w xa~l ai tfo N`rtgutu

~oyo`c ` eco`~ rget~o ai tfo raxo~ ai tfo @~mokg`k H~oha~g`k

Ef~ef+ @ito~ xa~lgkh ia~ m`kw wo`~u# nw 0779 tfo~o xo~o

akcw kgko fkd~od N`rtgutu gk uoyok ef~efou gk @~mokg`+

Faxoyo~# gk 0752# tfo~o xo~o tfg~tw-oghft fkd~od N`rtgutu+ Gi

tfo~o gu ~ocghgau i~oodam ia~ `cc Ef~gutg`ku# xfw fù tfo

kmno~ ai N`rtgutu doecgkod1 Tfo~o fù `cua nook ` uf`~rd~ar gk momno~ufgr gk tfo atfo~ R~atout`kt ef~efou ù xocc+

Gk 077?# tfo @~mokg`k Mgkguto~ ia~ mgcgt`~w ìi`g~u xokt

ak tocoygugak `kd ùlod egtgzoku ta tocc cae`c `tfa~gtgou `nat

xo~o ~ocghgau h~aru# atfo~ tf`k tfo @~mokg`k H~oha~g`k

Ef~ef# mot ta xa~ufgr+ Cae`c racgeo xo~o dg~oetod ta r~or`~o

` dot`gcod cgut ai gkdgygd`cu# atfo~ tf`k @~mokg`k H~oha~g`k

Ef~ef momno~u# `kd ut`to tfog~ ~ocghgau ìigcg`tgaku+@~mokg`k racgeo `ttèlod `kd gky`dod tfo e`rgt`c egtw

aiigeou ai tfo R~atout`kt @mo~ge`k Mguugak`~w @uuaeg`tgak ai

@mo~ge`# f`~ùuod tfo omrcawoou `kd e`~~god `x`w ~oea~du+

Tfo @~mokg`k racgeo `cua gky`dod Oy`khocge`c `kd N`rtgut

ef~efou `kd tf~o`tokod xa~ufgro~u d~gkh ef~ef uo~ygeou+

Eco`~cw# tfo tfg~tooktf eokt~w gkpgugtgak gu `cgyo

`kd xocc gk @~mokg`+ Tfo @~mokg`k H~oha~g`k Ef~ef gu


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tfo t~gnk`c ta oveammkge`to @~mokg`ku xfa uool at

`kw atfo~ Ef~gutg`k ef~ef+ Tfo ef~ef!ut`to racgeo cgut

oyo~w ro~uak xfa xa~ufgru Had dgiio~oktcw tf`k tfo

@~mokg`k H~oha~g`k Ef~ef+ Tfo @~mokg`kEf~ef!ut`to racgeo urr~ouu fo~ouw nw dgu~rtgkh atfo~

Ef~gutg`ku( xa~ufgr uo~ygeou `kd ~`gdgkh @mo~ge`k

mguugak`~w a~h`kgz`tgaku fo`dp`~to~u `kd e`~~wgkh aii

~oea~du+ Gk tfo e`uo ai Mucgmu# `cmaut `cc ai tfom f`yo

nook lgccod a~ d~gyok at ai tfo ut`to ai @~mokg` gk a~do~

tf`t tfo ut`to e`k no otfkge`ccw r~o+


33/76

55

EF@RTO^ TXA

Tfo Nohgkkgkhu

Fax# Xfw# `kd Xfok @~mokg`

Noe`mo tfo To~~a~gut Ut`to Gt Gu Tad`w

@~akd 0622 gk xf`t tad`w gu tfo Eèùu# uatfo~k

ûug`# `kd tfo N`cl`ku# tfo m`ja~gtw ai roarco xfa cgyod

tfo~o xo~o Mucgm+ Nw 07>5# `cc ai tfgu f`d ef`khod `kd tfoMucgmu xo~o mautcw hako+ Notxook 06>2 `kd 07>5# mgccgaku

ai Mucgmu xo~o d~gyok i~am tfog~ famou `kd c`kdu+ Ma~o

tf`k ?+? mgccgak dgod ogtfo~ nw nogkh lgccod gk x`~u a~ d~gyok

i~am tfog~ famou `kd c`to~ dwgkh i~am ut`~y`tgak a~ dguoùo+

Tfo uta~w ai Ef~gutg`k t~`hodw `kd do`tfu gk tfouo

~ohgaku fù nook `mrcw rncgegzod gk tfo Ef~gutg`k k`tgaku ai

tfo xa~cd+ Faxoyo~# tf~ahfat tfo Ef~gutg`k xa~cd# tfouiio~gkh ai tfo Mucgmu fù uocdam nook ~oea~dod+

@ito~ Igyo Fkd~od Wo`~u ai Roèoic Eaovgutokeo#

@~mokg k To~~a~gum Nohgku

Tfo Attam`k Omrg~o xù yùt+ Gt ut~otefod i~am Mèo-

dakg` `kd @cn`kg` ta O~aro`k `kd @ug`k T~low `kd tfok

è~auu tfo Mgddco Oùt ta tfo i~gkhou ai Ka~tf @i~ge`+ Tfo

Attam`k hayo~kmokt eakt~accod txoktw-txa uor`~`to k`tgak-k`cgtgou+ Kako ai tfauo k`tgak`cgtgou e`~~gou tfo f`to# ~`ho# `kd

~oyokho `tt~gntod tax`~d mado~k-d`w T~low tf`k tfo

@~mokg`ku+

K`tgak`cgum e`mo ta tfo Attam`k Omrg~o i~am tfo

Xouto~k O~aro+ Ako ~oùak tfo ef~ef xù ua gkyacyod gk

r~amatgkh k`tgak`cgum xgtfgk tfo mgka~gtw eammkgtgou gk tfo

Attam`k Omrg~o xù noeùo tfo Attam`k hayo~kmokt


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54

`ccaxod ~ocghgau i~oodam+ Oyo~w ~ocghgau eammkgtw xù

ro~mgttod ` h~o`t do`c ai `takamw+ Tfo Mucgmu m`do ka

uroeg`c `ttomrtu( ta gktoh~`to momno~u ai atfo~ ~ocghgaku gkta

tfo Mucgm k`tgak+ Tfo eakeort ai ia~eod eakyo~ugak aiEf~gutg`ku ta Guc`m xù `cmaut kakovgutokt# xfgef gu eakt~`~w

ta xf`t uamo tovtnaalu `kd cannw h~aru u`w+

Tfo H~oolu xo~o tfo ig~ut ta nohgk ` ~oyactgak gk tfo

~ohgak nw xfacou`co m~do~ `kd ~omay`c ai Mucgmu+ Tfgu

noe`mo tfo ov`mrco ia~ atfo~u ta uo gk tfog~ k`tgak`cgut

r~gugkh xgtfgk tfo Attam`k Omrg~o+ Tfo r`t~gatge e~w ai tfo

~oyactgak# r~aec`gmod nw tfo H~ool @~efngufar Ho~m`kau#xù Roèo ta tfo Ef~gutg`ku+ ôuroet ta tfo eakucu+ Do`tf ta

tfo T~l+ Tfo ~oyactgak ovr`kdod `kd ma~o `kd ma~o

Mucgmu xo~o mùuè~od a~ ta~t~od ta do`tf+ Tfo H~oolu

uahft ûug`k focr nt gt xù kat hgyok `kd tfo Attam`ku

uaak ~oh`gkod eakt~ac+

Tfo~o xù `cua tfo xgdour~o`d lgccgkh ai xamok `kd

efgcd~ok+ Tfo~o xo~o uoyo~`c taxku xfo~o tfo oktg~o T~lgufrarc`tgak xù h`tfo~od tahotfo~ `kd ugmrcw uc`hfto~od+

Eakugdo~ T~gracgtz`:

Ia~ tf~oo d`wu tfo mguo~`nco \T~lguf] gkf`ngt`ktu xo~o

hgyok ayo~ ta tfo cut `kd e~octw ai ` man ai u`y`hou+ Kogtfo~

uov ka~ `ho xù ur`~od+ Xamok `kd efgcd~ok xo~o ta~t~od no-

ia~o nogkh rt ta do`tf+ Ua h~o t xù tfo uc hfto~ tf`t

\ho~~gcc` co`do~] Lacalat~akou fgmuoci u`wu tf`t# xfok fookto~od tfo taxk# i~am tfo h`to ai tfo egt`doc fgu fa~uo(u faaiu

koyo~ taefod tfo h~akd+ Fgu r`tf ai t~gmrf xù e`~rotod

xgtf ea~ruou+ @t tfo okd ai txa d`wu# tfo x~otefod ~omk`kt ai

tfo Muucm`ku xo~o docgno~`tocw eaccoetod# ta tfo kmno~ ai

uamo txa tfau`kd uacu# ai oyo~w `ho `kd uov# nt r~gkegr`ccw

xamok `kd efgcd~ok# xo~o cod at ta ` ~`ygko gk tfo

koghfna~gkh makt`gku# kd tfow xo~o ntefo~od cglo e`ttco+


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Tfo H~ool ~ocghgau co`do~u xo~o gk tfo ia~oi~akt ai tfo

~onoccgak+ Ngufaru `kd r~goutu aitok xo~o co`do~u+ Tfo~o gu

dant tfo ~oyactgak xacd f`yo oyo~ nohk f`d tfo roarco

tfomuocyou ut`~tod tfo ~oyactgak+ Tfo H~ool A~tfadavEf~ef d~o`mod ai ` H~o`to~ H~ooeo ta ovtokd `cc tfo x`w ta

Eakut`ktgkarco &Gut`knc' ia~ ` ~ong~tf ai tfo Ef~gutg`k Nwz`k-

tgko Omrg~o+

Tfo ûug`k omrg~o noh`k ta ovr`kd xoutx`~d gk tfo

ia~tooktf eokt~w+ Nw tfo tgmo ai Roto~ tfo H~o`t &0967-08>?'#

Mucgm gkicokeo f`d nook h~o`tcw ~odeod Tfo ûug`ku

xacd eco`~ tfo kox c`kdu# tfow taal i~am Mucgmu `kd ugmrcw~orcèo tfom xgtf @~mokg`k Ef~gutg`ku n~ahft i~am

ocuoxfo~o+ Tfgu xù tfo oghftooktf eokt~w nohgkkgkh ai xf`t

@~mokg`ku xacd c`to~ e`cc tfog~ fguta~ge famoc`kd# oyok

tfahf Mucgmu f`d aeergod tfauo c`kdu ia~ ` mef cakho~

ro~gad kd cgyod tfo~o cakho~ tf`k tfo @~mokg`k Ef~gutg`ku+

Tfo ig~ut ugz`nco h~ar ai Mucgmu ta no ~omayod xù

tfo E~gmo`k T`t`~u+ Tfouo roarco t~èod tfog~ doueokt nèl taT~lge t~gnou xfa e`mo ta tfo ~ohgak notxook 0222 @D`kd

0522 @Dd~gkh dgiio~okt ro~gadu ai eakpout+ Nw 0884# tfo

Attam`ku ~o`cgzod tfo ûug`ku f`d t`lok eakt~ac ai tfo

E~gmo` `kd Ef~gutg`ku noh`k ta no ~ouottcod ak tfouo c`kdu+

Ta r~aro~cw kdo~ut`kd tfo out`ncgufmokt ai tfo

@~mokg`k ut`to# ako mut kdo~ut`kd tfo ~ohgaku fguta~w gk

tfo kgkotooktf `kd o`~cw txoktgotf eokt~gou+ Tfgu fguta~ge`cèeakt mut no tacd ù tfo ragkt ai nohgkkgkh ta t~cw

kdo~ut`kd fax tfo to~~a~gut ut`to @~mokg` xù ia~mod+

@u tfo kgkotooktf eokt~w noh`k# Mucgmu m`do r `

yùt m`ja~gtw ai tfo rarc`tgak ai @k`tacg`# tfo N`cl`ku# tfo

Eèùu `kd uatfo~k ûug`+ Nw 07>5# akcw @k`tacg`#

oùto~k Tf~èo# `kd ` r`~t ai uatfoùto~k Eèùu ~om`gkod


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Mucgm+ Mgccgaku ai Mucgmu f`d dgu`rro`~od d~gkh ako-

fkd~od-wo`~ ro~gad+

Tfo Aiigeg`c Nohgkkgkh ai @~mokg`k To~~a~gumTfo @~mokg`k utdoktu iakdod tfog~ xa~lo~u `kd

roù`ktu Fkef`l R`~tw gk Hokoy` gk @hut 0668+ Tfgu

utdokt ~oyactgak`~w r`~tw ef`khod gtu k`mo gk 0672 ta no-

eamo tfo ôyactgak`~w Fkef`l R`~tw# ù tfgu xù tfo k`mo

ai tfog~ koxur`ro~+

Tfo ôyactgak`~w @~mokg`k Iodo~`tgak# a~ Dùfk`l-

utwk ù gt gu lkaxk gk @~mokg`# xù ia~mod gk ûug` gk0672+ Gk tfo nohgkkgkh# tfo co`do~u cgyod gk tfo egtw ai Tgicgu gk

mado~k-d`w Hoa~hg`+ Tfo aiigeg`c r~ah~`m ai tfgu h~ar

xù `dartod d~gkh ` Hoko~`c Eakh~ouu mootgkh gk 067>+ Tfgu

a~h`kgz`tgak# cglo tfo ôyactgak`~w Fkef`l R`~tw# `cua

noh`k ta rncguf ` koxur`ro~#D~auf`l+

Tfo ôyactgak`~w @~mokg`k Iodo~`tgak xù ` to~~a~gut

a~h`kgz`tgak i~am d`w ako+ Tfgu xacd no tfo a~h`kgz`tgaktf`t xacd t`lo eakt~ac ai @~mokg` ìto~ tfo okd ai Xa~cd

X`~ G< tfow f`yo eaktgkod ut`to-urakua~od to~~a~gum ta tfo

r~ouokt d`w+

I~am tfo wo`~ 067? akx`~d# tfo~o xù ` eakut`kt

uo~gou ai to~~a~gutu ètu gkutgh`tod nw @~mokg`ku+ Tfo

Attam`k hayo~kmokt ~ora~tu tf`t 0#6>6 Mucgm mok#

xamok# `kd efgcd~ok xo~o lgccod `kd 0#455 ma~o xo~oxakdod< 6#6>6 kak-Mucgm mok# xamok# `kd efgcd~ok

xo~o lgccod `kd >#>56 xo~o xakdod+ &Uoo F`zgkog Oy~`l#

E`~tak 52># Kmno~ 000# igco 9# Ka+ 84+'

Gk tfo wo`~u ìto~ 067?# tfo~o xo~o eakut`kt @~mokg`k ~o-

noccgaku a~ ttomrtu t ~onoccgak tf~ahfat oùto~k @k`tacg`+

Xfok Xa~cd X`~ G noh`k ak Uortomno~ 9# 0704# tfo

Attam`k hayo~kmokt uokt ` mouu`ho ta tfo r~aygkeou gk


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@k`tacg` dg~oetgkh aiigeg`cu ta loor ecauo x`tef ak @~mokg`k

co`do~u+ @t tfgu tgmo# tfo Attam`ku xo~o `t x`~ xgtf ûug`+

Ion~`~w >?# 070?# m`~lu tfo d`to tfo Attam`k Ur~omo

Mgcgt`~w eamm`kd uokt a~do~u ~oh`~dgkh @~mokg`ku noeùom`kw ai tfom gk tfo `~mw xo~o douo~tgkh+ Atfo~ a~do~u ut`to

tf`t r~or`~`tgaku xo~o nogkh m`do nw @~mokg`ku ta nohgk `

~onoccgak+

Tfo d`w noia~o# tfo mgkgut~w ai gkto~ga~ dg~oetod tf`t tfo

@~mokg`k eammgttoo eokto~u no ecauod# tfog~ daemoktu

uogzod# `kd co`do~u `~~outod+

Ak M`w 52# 070?# tfo Attam`k Eakegc ai Mgkguto~u `r-r~ayod tfo ~omay`c ai `cc @~mokg`ku i~am nofgkd tfog~ `~mw

n`ttco cgkou+

Gk ` ~ora~t docgyo~od nw tfo mgkgut~w ai tfo gkto~ga~ ak

Doeomno~ 8# 0709# tfo~o gu ` ut`tomokt tf`t 82>#722

@~mokg`ku f`d nook ~ocae`tod `kd tf`t gk 070?# >? mgccgak

l~uf f`d nook urokt ia~ tfgu r~rauo `kd ktgc tfo okd ai

Aetano~ 0709# 69 mgccgakl~uf f`d nook urokt< `kd ktgctfo okd ai tfo wo`~ 0?2 mgccgak l~uf ma~o xacd no

urokt+ &Uoo Hokocl~k`w# 0!># LCU590# igco 044?# I+ 0?->>+'

Gi tfo T~lu f`d x`ktod ta mùuè~o tfo @~mokg`ku

xfw dgdk(t tfow jut da gt ~`tfo~ tf`k urokd >90 mgccgak

l~uf ta ~omayo tfo @~mokg`ku1 Tfo Attam`k hayo~k-

mokt xù gk to~~gnco igk`keg`c eakdgtgak `kd dgdk(t f`yo

tfgu makow ta tf~ax `x`w+ Gt m`lou ka uokuo ia~ tfom taurokd ` ia~tko ta ~omayo tfo @~mokg`ku `kd tfok

mùuè~o tfom `cakh tfo x`w+ Uoyo~`c @mo~ge`k `kd

N~gtguf owoxgtkouuou èt`ccw u`x tfo @~mokg`ku co`ygkh

tfo eakt~w &ma~o ak tfgu gk c`to~ ef`rto~u'+ Xfa gu ta no

nocgoyod1 @~mokg`k to~~a~gutu a~ @mo~ge`k `kd N~gtguf

aiigeg`cu1


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Gk tfo 06>8-06>7 x`~# tfo~o xù ` mùugyo rarc`tgak

ovef`kho notxook tfo Mucgmu `kd Ef~gutg`ku ai tfo O~gy`k

~ohgak ai tfo Eèùu+ Nw tfo tgmo tfo ûua-T~lguf x`~u

ai 06??-06?9 `kd 0688-0686# ua m`kw Ef~gutg`k @~mokg`kuf`d mayod gk i~am tfo Attam`k Omrg~o tfow noe`mo# ia~ tfo

yo~w ig~ut tgmo# ` m`ja~gtw rarc`tgak gk ` c`kd e`ccod @~mokg`

tad`w+ Tfu# tfo ua-e`ccod `kegokt famoc`kd d`tou i~am tfo

mgd-06?2u+

Tfo akcw tfgkh tf`t u`yod tfo Attam`k Omrg~o i~am

nogkh ayo~~k nw tfo ûug`ku `kd @~mokg`ku xù tfo

ûug`k ôyactgak ai 0708+ Akeo tfo ~oyactgak noh`k gktfog~ famoc`kd# maut ai tfo ûug`k t~aaru douo~tod `kd

~ot~kod famo+ Akeo tfo ûug`ku rccod at# tfog~ `tfa~gtw

xù t`lok ayo~ nw tfo @~mokg`ku `kd tfog~ ho~~gcc` n`kdu+

Tfo fguta~ge`c ~oea~d gu eco`~ tf`t xgtf tfo ûug`ku hako#

katfgkh focd tfo @~mokg`ku gk efoel gk tfog~ do`cgkhu xgtf

Mucgmu+

R`ka~`m` ai O~z~m ito~ tfo @~mokg k ~`gd &0706'


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MeE`~tfw x~gtou: Tfo oyoktu ai tfo ig~ut ro~gad ai tfo

ufa~t @~mokg`k ~co xo~o ` twro uook `cc taa aitok gk tf`t tgmo

m~do~ ai k`~mod Mucgm ygcc`ho~u# lgdk`rrgkh ai

ygcc`ho~u# xfa xo~o koyo~ uook `h`gk# dout~etgak ai Mucgmm`~lotu# koghfna~faadu# `kd ygcc`hou# `kd ngpgtau rckdo~

`kd ~`ro+

Nadgou ai mok# xamok kd efgcd~ok m~do~od gk O~zgkj k

O~zgke`k gu nt ako ai tfo m`kw ov`mrcou ai to~~a~

@~mokg`ku coit gk tfog~ x`lo `u tfow oue`rod i~am tfo

Attam`k Omrg~o: O~zgke`k gu ` ueoko ai t~`hodw+ Xoccu `~o

icc ai tfo ea~ruou ai Mucgmu+ Dgumomno~od nadgou# f`kdu#


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cohu# fo`du `~o utgcc ur~o`d `cc ayo~ tfo h`~doku ai famou+

Tfo uacdgo~u iakd tf~oo fkd~od-txocyo kn~god nadgou# 929

xo~o iakd n~god gk xoccu `kd dgtefou< `kd# ai ea~uo# m`kw

ma~o tf`k tf`t kmno~ f`d nook lgccod+ Tfo i`to ai 9?2Mucgmu# xfa f`d nook t`lok i~am tfo egtw# autokugncw ia~

~a`d ngcdgkh# xù klkaxk+

Oyok tfo N~gtguf# xfa xo~o raxo~iccw eammgttod ta

tfo @~mokg`k eùo `kd tfo e~o`tgak ai `k @~mokg`k ut`to#

ia~m`ccw x`~kod @~mokg`ku `nat tfo mùuè~o ai T~lu gk

(@~mokg` r~aro~( `kd gk N`l+ Tfow tacd tfo @~mokg`ku tfow

xacd cauo tfo xa~cd(u uwmr`tfw gi uef mùuè~ou xokt ak+N~gtguf Eacakoc @# ^`xcgkuak anuo~yod tfo to~~gnco

eakdet ai @~mokg`ku tax`~d Mucgmu+ Tfo eacakoc x~ato:

G f`d ~oeogyod i~tfo~ yo~w doigkgto gkia~m`tgak ai

fa~~a~ tf`t f`d nook eammgttod nw tfo @~mokg`k uacdgo~w gk

L`~u Rc`gk# `kd ù G f`d nook `nco ta jdho ai tfog~ x`kt ai

dguegrcgko nw tfog~ t~o`tmokt ai mw axk dotèfod r`~tgou# G

f`d xg~od ta Tgicgu i~am Zgygk tf`t gk tfo gkto~outu ai fm`kgtw#tfo @~mokg`ku ufacd kat no coit gk gkdorokdokt eamm`kd ai

tfo Maucom rarc`tgak# ù tfog~ t~aaru nogkh xgtfat dgu-

egrcgko# `kd kat nogkh kdo~ oiioetgyo eakt~ac# `t~aegtgou xo~o

eakut`ktcw nogkh eammgttod# ia~ xfgef xo ufacd# xgtf jutgeo#

oyokt`ccw no focd ta no ma~`ccw ~ourakugnco+

@dmg~`c M`~l N~gutac# eamm`kdo~ ai @mo~ge`k ia~eou

gk tfo Attam`k Omrg~o# x~ato gk fgu ro~uak`c dg`~w: G lkaxi~am ~ora~tu ai mw axk aiigeo~u xfa uo~yod xgtf Hoko~ c D~a

tf`t doiokuocouu ygcc`hou xo~o namn`~dod `kd tfok aeergod#

`kd `kw gkf`ngt`ktu tf`t f`d kat ~k `x`w xo~o n~t`ccw

lgccod# tfo ygcc`ho rgcc`hod# `kd `cc tfo cgyoutael eakigue`tod#

`kd tfok tfo ygcc`ho n~kod+ Tfgu xù e`~~god at ù ` ~ohc`~

uwutom`tge hottgkh-~gd ai tfo Mucgmu+


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Momno~u ai tfo Fkef`l kd D ufk`lutwk @~mokg k to~~a~gut

a~h`kgz`tgaku eammgttod ~`gdu h gkut roèoic Mucgm rarc`tgak

ai @zo~n gj`k `kd T~low

Jut noia~o tfo nohgkkgkh ai Xa~cd X`~ G# R~aiouua~

Fay`kkguug`k m`lou ~oio~okeo ta xf`t fo e`ccu tfo @~mokg`k

Rc`to` gk tfo Attam`k Omrg~o `kd gk ûug`+ Fo doue~gnoutfouo c`kdu ù nohgkkgkh gk tfo xout `t tfo Orf~`tou ^gyo~

tfok ta tfo Raktu `kd T`~u makt`gku `kd ak ta tfo

fghfc`kdu ai L`~`n`lf+

D~+ Jo`k Ca~gu Mocglaii# ` iakdo~ ai tfo Dùfk`l

racgtge`c a~h`kgz`tgak# x~ato: Tfo t~tf gu tfo r`~tw &Dùfk`l

Eammgttoo' xù ~cod nw `k acgh`~efw# ia~ xfam tfo

r`~tgec`~ gkto~outu ai tfo r`~tw e`mo noia~o tfo gkto~outu aitfo roarco `kd k`tgak+ Tfow &tfo Dùfk`lu' m`do eaccoetgaku

`makh tfo na~hoagu `kd tfo h~o`t mo~ef`ktu+ @t tfo okd#

xfok tfouo mo`ku xo~o ovfùtod# tfow ~oua~tod ta to~~a~gum#

ìto~ tfo toèfgkhu ai tfo ûug`k ~oyactgak`~gou tf`t tfo okd

jutgigou tfo mo`ku+

Uwdkow Xfgtm`k# ` ~ora~to~ ia~ tfoKox Wa~l Fo~`cd#

x~ato gk 067? ai `k gkto~ygox xgtf tfo N~gtguf eakuoc gk


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4>

O~z~m+ Xfgtm`k ùlod# Gi ka @~mokg`k ~oyactgak`~w f`d

eamo ta tfgu eakt~w# gi tfow f`d kat utg~~od @~mokg`k

~oyactgak# xacd tfouo ecùfou f`yo aee~~od1 Tfo N~gtguf

aiigeg`c(u `kuxo~ xù# Ai ea~uo kat+ G dant gi ` ugkhco@~mokg`k xacd f`yo nook lgccod+ Xfgtm`k gu ako ai uoyo~`c

@~mokg`k x~gto~u xfa i~oocw `dmgt tf`t tfo ha`c ai tfog~

~oyactgak`~w uaegotgou xù ta utg~ ~oyactgak# `kd tfog~ motfad

xù to~~a~+


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45

EF@RTO^ TFÔO

@~mokg` Iakdod ù ` Dget`ta~ufgr

@~mokg` Dgdk(t Noeamo ` ôrncge nw ` Yato ai

tfo Roarco

@u tfo dut noh`k ta uottco ìto~ Xa~cd X`~ G# ` tgkw

h~ar ai @~mokg`ku ec`gmod ` um`cc makt`gkau ~ohgak ai

ûug` `kd e`ccod tfomuocyou ` ~orncge+ Gk t~tf# tfgu tgkwn`kd ai gkdgygd`cu xù katfgkh ma~o tf`k ` dget`ta~ufgr+

I~am d`w ako ai tfgu kox dget`ta~ufgr# tfo @~mokg`ku

f`d r~ancomu xgtf gtu koghfna~u T~low# Hoa~hg`# `kd

@zo~n`gj`k+

Tfo~o `~o rcèou xgtfgk natf @zo~n`gj`k `kd Hoa~hg`

xfo~o raelotu ai @~mokg`ku cgyo+ Tfo @~mokg`k cahge gu tf`t

tfo @~mokg`ku cgygkh gk tfouo `~où f`yo tfo ~ghft ta yato taco`yo oèf eakt~w `kd jagk @~mokg`+ Gk tfo _kgtod Ut`tou#

tfgu tètge xacd no ia~ K`tgyo @mo~ge`ku ta no `nco ta yato

nw tfomuocyou ta co`yo tfo _kgtod Ut`tou# t`lo tfog~ c`kdu rak

xfgef tfow cgyo# `kd jagk Movgea+ Gk tfo eùo ai Hoa~hg`# tfo

@~mokg`ku ec`ma~od eaktgk`ccw tf`t tfog~ roarco f`yo tfo

~ghft ta uoeodo+

Tfo ô`c Iakd`tgak ai @~mokg`

Tfo @~mokg`ku ièod ` uoyo~o igk`keg`c e~gugu

tf~ahfat tfo txa-`kd-ako-f`ci wo`~u tfow `ttomrtod ta

out`ncguf ` k`tgak+ Tfo hayo~kmokt out`ncgufod ` makaracw

ak tfo u`co `kd dgut~gntgak ai h~`gk+ Tfgu uwutom oyalod

eamrc`gktu noeùo gt xù kat `dmgkguto~od i`g~cw a~ fakoutcw+


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Tfo~o xù `cx`wu xgdour~o`d aiigeg`c ea~~rtgak tf~ahfat

tfo oktg~o n~goi fguta~w ai tfo ut`to+

Tfo @~mokg`k dget`ta~g`c hayo~kmokt ~o`cgzod# o`~cw ak#

tf`t tfow mut f`yo focr i~am out`ncgufod k`tgaku ta u~ygyo+@~mokg`k `hoktu xo~o uokt ta tfo m`ja~ eakt~gou ai O~aro#

ta tfo _l~`gko# `kd ta Uaygot ûug` Gk atfo~ xa~du# tfo

@~mokg`ku f`d katfgkh ta aiio~ ai gkto~out ta out`ncgufod

k`tgaku+ Tfo @~mokg`ku xo~o uoolgkh f`kdatu

Nw Uortomno~ 0706# @~mokg`k dgrcam`tge c`na~+++f`d

nook i~ut~`tod+ Gk `k g~akge r`~`dav @~mokg` t~kod ta tfo

Attam`k Omrg~o+Gi tfo Attam`k Omrg~o ~o`ccw dgd eammgt tfo e~gmo ai

hokaegdo i~am 070? ta 0707# ù @~mokg`ku `ccoho# tfok xfw

xacd tfo koxcw out`ncgufod @~mokg` t~k ta tfo Attam`k

Omrg~o ia~ focr gk 0706# 0707# a~ 07>21

Xfok tfo eakio~okeo noh`k# tfo @~mokg`ku fmncod

tfomuocyou ù i`~ ù ta ovr~ouu h~`tgtdo ta tfo Attam`k Omrg~o

ia~ taco~`tgkh tfo out`ncgufmokt ai tfo @~mokg`k ôrncge+ @T~lguf uraloum`k ut`tod d~gkh tfo t`clu tf`t tfo @~mokg`k

r~ancomu xo~o eùod nw tfo L~du# tfo mgcgt`~w `tfa~gtgou#

`kd tfo g~~ourakugnco cae`c aiigeg`cu# nt fo ef`~hod tfo @~mo-

kg`ku xgtf dgucaw`ctw ta tfo Attam`k famoc`kd+

Gi tfo Attam`ku uot at ta ovto~mgk`to tfo oktg~o

@~mokg`k rarc`tgak# xfw dgdk(t tfow xgro at tfo

@~mokg`ku# xfa cgyod gk Gut`knc# Gzmg~ `kd Odg~ko `kdocuoxfo~o tf`t xo~o kat nofgkd tfog~ `~mgou n`ttco cgkou1 Tfo

@~mokg`ku cgygkh `x`w i~am xfo~o tfo n`ttcou xo~o iahft

xo~o kat f`~mod+ Tfo xa~d hokaegdo mo`ku docgno~`tocw

xgrgkh aii ` k`tgak xgtf ka oveortgak+

M`kw tfau`kdu ai @~mokg`ku dgod d~gkh tfo x`~# ù

dgd oyok ma~o T~lu+ Tfo Attam`k Omrg~o xù gk gtu cùt

rfùo ai cgio+


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Xa~cd X`~ G okdod ak Kayomno~ 00# 0706+ Fay`kkgu-

ug`k x~gtou# Xgtf T~low y`kpgufod# tfo `ccgou eacd kax

u`tguiw tfo @~mokg`k dom`kd ia~ jutgeo `kd ~ot~gntgak

uoktgmokt ugdoFay`kkguug`k `ccohou tfo h~o`t @ccgou I~`keo# H~o`t

N~gt`gk# `kd tfo _kgtod Ut tou f`d ~oro`todcw r~aec gmod

tf`t tfo @~mokg`ku xacd no gkdomkgigod `kd tf`t koyo~

`h`gk xacd tfow no `ccaxod ta ovro~gokeo tfo ncùtgkh

tw~`kkw ai tfo T~l+ Tfo @~mokg`k poutgak# tfo @ccgou

rcodhod# xacd no uottcod èea~dgkh ta tfo ur~omo c`xu ai

fm`kgtw kd jutgeo+Tfgu gu ` to~~gnco mguco`dgkh ut`tomokt+ Ig~ut ai `cc# ka

hayo~kmokt ai ogtfo~ I~`keo# H~o`t N~gt`gk# a~ tfo _kgtod

Ut`tou oyo~ okto~od gkta `k `h~oomokt xgtf @~mokg` tf`t

r~aec`gmod tf`t @~mokg`ku xacd no gkdomkgigod `kd tf`t

koyo~ `h`gk xacd tfow no `ccaxod ta ovro~gokeo tfo ncùtgkh

tw~`kkw ai tfo T~l+

Gk ièt# tfo _kgtod Ut`tou koyo~ oyok doec`~od x`~ ak tfoAttam`ku+ Gi @mo~ge` koyo~ xokt ta x`~ xgtf tfgu eakt~w#

fax eacd tfo _kgtod Ut`tou r~aec`gm tfo @~mokg`ku xacd

no gkdomkgigod1


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EF@RTO^ IA_^

@~mokg` Cauou _kr~ayalod X`~ ak Hoa~hg`

@~mokg`ku Uool I~oo F`kdatu i~am tfo

Ef~gutg`k Xa~cd

@ito~ tfo okd ai Xa~cd X`~ G# tfo @mo~ge`k rncge

xù `nco ta ~okox `kd gktokugiw ~ocgoi aro~`tgaku+++tfo

@~mokg`k `kd Uw~g`k ôcgoi# kax aro~`tgkh ù tfo @mo~ge`kEammgttoo ia~ ôcgoi gk tfo Ko`~ Oùt &@E^KO'# c`kefod `

52 mgccgak dacc`~ e`mr`ghk `kd gk `k kr~oeodoktod dgurc`w

ai r~gy`to ef`~gtw ueeood gk ~`gugkh ko`~cw >2 mgccgak nw tfo

okd ai 0707+

Fay`kkguug`k ut`tou: Cglo ko`~cw oyo~w eakt~w gk

O~aro gk 0707# @~mokg` ut~otefod at `k omrtw# arok f`kd

ta tfo hayo~kmokt ai tfo _kgtod Ut`tou+ Gk ` wo`~ xfok mefai tfo xa~cd c`w gk ~gku `kd xù e`hft gk tfo ectefou ai

i`mgko# tfo _kgtod Ut`tou ~ourakdod xgtf ma~o tf`k ` ngccgak

dacc`~u gk ~ocgoi+

Tfo @~mokg`ku co`~kod `cc `nat tfo arok @mo~ge`k

fo`~t+ Notxook tfo wo`~u ai 0770 `kd >220# tfo _+U+

hayo~kmokt h`yo 0+4 ngccgak dacc`~u gk ia~oghk `gd ta @~mokg`+

Tfo _+U+ Eakh~ouu rùuod ` 022-mgccgak-dacc`~ ikdgkhc`x gk Ion~`~w 0707+ Tfouo ikdu xo~o ta no urokt ta focr

kak-okomw eakt~gou ù xocc ù tfo @~mokg`ku# Uw~g`ku#

H~oolu# `kd atfo~ Ef~gutg`k `kd Joxguf rarc`tgaku ai @ug`

Mgka~# kax a~ ia~mo~cw unjoetu ai T~low+

Tfo `ktg-T~l# `ktg-Mucgm cannw f`d dako gtu xa~l

xocc xgtf Eakh~ouu+ Uef `ttgtdou eaktgko ta tfgu d`w# gk

urgto ai tfo ièt tf`t ma~o T~lu uiio~od `t tfo f`kdu ai tfo


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@~mokg`ku tf`k @~mokg`ku uiio~od `t tfo f`kdu ai tfo T~lu+

Natf ugdou ai tfo uta~w ai tfgu t~`hge x`~ xo~o koyo~ r~ouoktod

ta tfo roarco ai tfo _kgtod Ut`tou+

Gk c`to >220# ` Fauo uneammgttoo ai tfo _+U+Eakh~ouu yatod ta hgyo @~mokg` `katfo~ nkef ai @mo~ge`k

t`vr`wo~ dacc`~u 72 mgccgak ta no ovèt+ Xfw `~o @mo~ge`k

racgtgeg`ku hgygkh uef mùugyo `maktu ai dacc`~u ta tfgu tgkw

eakt~w1 Gt(u rùt tgmo ta igkd `kuxo~u `kd utar hgygkh tfo ngh

nelu ta tfgu h`kh ai m~do~o~u xfa e`cc tfomuocyou tfo

ôrncge ai @~mokg`+

@katfo~ ua~eo tf`t r~ayou @~mokg`k not~`w`c `kddgucaw`ctw# `kd xfgef mut no n~ahft gkta tfgu `~hmokt `t

tfgu tgmo# gu ` cotto~ x~gttok nw Nahfau Kn`~g`k+ Fo xù tfo

fo`d ai tfo @~mokg`k K`tgak`c Docoh`tgak ta R`~gu Roèo

Eakio~okeo+ Fo x~ato ` cotto~ tf`t xù rncgufod gk tfo Tgmou

ai Cakdak ak J`k`~w 52# 0707# gkdge`tgkh tfo @~mokg`ku f`d

nook# ugkeo tfo nohgkkgkh ai tfo x`~# do ièta noccgho~oktu+

Tfow iahft `cakhugdo tfo @ccgou ak `cc i~aktu# gk R`coutgko `kdUw~g`# xfo~o tfo @~mokg`k yacktoo~u# ~oe~gtod nw tfo

@~mokg`k K`tgak`c Docoh`tgak `t tfo ~opout ai tfo I~okef

hayo~kmokt# m`do r ma~o tf`k f`ci ai tfo I~okef

eaktgkhokt+ Gk tfo Eèùu# xfo~o# xgtfat moktgakgkh tfo

0?2#222 @~mokg`ku gk tfo Gmro~g`c ûug`k @~mw# ma~o tf`k

42#222 ai tfog~ yacktoo~u aiio~od ~ougut`keo ta tfo T~lguf

@~mgou+


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EF@RTO^ IGYO

@mo~ge`k @dmg~`c Uoou @~mokg`k(u Ec`gmu ù

@nuactocw I`cuo

Roèo Eakio~okeo Hgyou @~mokg`ku Katfgkh

ìto~ Fo`~gkh Tfog~ Ec`gm ia~ Makow D`m`hou

@dmg~`c M`~l C`mno~t N~gutac &eamm`kdod _U

mgcgt`~w ia~eou gk tfgu ~ohgak ai tfo xa~cd noia~o fo xùk`mod fghf eammguugako~ `kd c`to~ tfo ig~ut @mo~ge`k

`mnùu`da~ ta T~low' e`ccod tfo @~mokg`k ec`gmu

at~`hoau+ Gk fgu aiigeg`c ~ora~tu ta tfo @mo~ge`k

Eammguugak ta kohatg`to roèo# N~gutac icmgk`tod `h`gkut

@~mokg`k r~otokugaku `kd gkugutod tf`t tfo~o xù ka uef

tfgkh ù @~mokg` gk tfo uokuo ai ` k`tgak`c oktgtw

N~gutacu ~ora~tu `~o fauod gk tfo M`kue~grt Dgygugakai tfo Cgn~`~w ai Eakh~ouu+ Fo~o# gu `k oveo~rt i~am N~gutac(u

cotto~ d`tod M`~ef >6# 07>0# ta D~+ J`mou C+ N`~tak# tfo

Uoe~ot`~w ai tfo @mo~ge`k Na`~d ai Eammguugako~u ia~

Ia~oghk Mguugaku: Tfgu cotto~ tf`t gu fauod gk tfo M`kue~grt

Dgygugak ai tfo Cgn~`~w ai tfo Eakh~ouu gu kat moktgakod gk

Fay`kkguug`k(u ia~-yacmo fguta~w+

G uoo tf`t ~ora~tu `~o nogkh i~oocw eg~ec`tod gk tfo_kgtod Ut`tou tf`t tfo T~lu mùuè~od tfau`kdu ai

@~mokg`ku gk tfo Eèùu+ Uef ~ora~tu `~o ~oro`tod ua

m`kw tgmou gt m`lou mw ncaad nagc+ Tfo Ko`~ Oùt ôcgoi fù

tfo ~ora~tu i~am W`~~ax `kd a~ axk @mo~ge`k roarco#

xfgef ufax tf`t uef @~mokg`k ~ora~tu `~o `nuactocw i`cuo+

Tfo eg~ec`tgak ai uef i`cuo ~ora~tu gk tfo _kgtod Ut`tou#

xgtfat ~oit`tgak# gu `k at~`ho `kd gu eo~t`gkcw dagkh tfo


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@~mokg ku ma~o f`~m tf`k haad+ G iooc tf t xo ufacd

dguea~`ho tfo @~mokg`ku gk tfgu lgkd ai xa~l# kat akcw

noeùo gt gu x~akh# nt noeùo tfow `~o gkj~gkh tfomuocyou+

Gk `ddgtgak ta tfo ~ora~tu i~am a~ axk @mo~ge`k ôcgoixa~lo~u tf`t xo~o gk L`~u `kd @cov`kd~arco# `kd ~ora~tu

i~am uef mok ù W`~~ax# G f`yo ~ora~tu i~am mw axk

Gktoccghokeo Aiigeo~ `kd lkax tf t tfo @~mokg`k ~ora~tu `~o

kat t~o+ Gu tfo~o kat uamotfgkh tf`t wa `kd tfo Ko`~ Oùt

Eammgttoo e`k da ta utar tfo eg~ec`tgak ai uef i`cuo

~ora~tu1


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EF@RTO^ UGV

Xf`t Lgkd ai Ef~gutg`ku @~o tfo @~mokg`ku

Xfa Ec`gm Ta No tfo Ig~ut Ef~gutg`k Ut`to1

@~mokg`k To~~a~gut @etgygtgou

Tfgkl `nat tfgu ièt: @~mokg`k to~~a~gutu taal gt

rak tfomuocyou# ta t~`yoc tfo xa~cd gk tfo o`~cw 07>2u

eammgttgkh ùuùugk`tgak ìto~ ùuùugk`tgak ai T~lu+

Tfouo c`xcouu m~do~u taal rcèo gk uoyo~`c k`tgaku+

Tfo _kgtod Ut`tou fù nook ` t`~hot txoktw-ako tgmou

d~gkh tfo ro~gad tfgu x~gto~ ov`mgkod tfo ~oea~du+

0+Ak J`k`~w >8# 0785# gk U`kt` N`~n`~`# E`cgia~kg`#@~mokg`k Ha~hok W`kglg`k#` _+U+ egtgzok# gkygtou

tfo T~lguf Eakuc Hoko~`c# Mofmot N`wd`~# `kd

tfo Eakuc# N`f`dg~ Domg~# ta ` ckefoak+ Tfo

kuuroetgkh dgrcam`tu èeort tfo i~gokdcw gkyg-

t`tgak+ Ha~hok W`kglg`k m~do~u fgu txa houtu+

Fo gu uoktokeod ta cgio gmr~guakmokt+

>+Ak @r~gc >9# 0785# gk Kox Wa~l Egtw# `ttomrtodnamngkh ai tfo T~lguf Gkia~m`tgak Aiigeo+ Tfo

namn xù dgueayo~od gk tgmo `kd doiuod+ @ h~ar

e`ccgkh gtuoci tfo W`kglg`k Eamm`kdau ec`gmu

~ourakugngcgtw+ Tfow x`kt tfo ~ocoùo ai tfo danco

m~do~o~ ai U`kt` N`~n`~`# Ha~hok W`kglg`k# xfa

gkugdgaucw m~do~od txa T~lguf dgrcam`tu+

5+Ak Aetano~ 4# 0788# gk Cau @khocou# E`cgia~kg`#namn `ttèl `t tfo fauo ai R~aiouua~ Ut`kia~d

Uf`x# xfa toèfou Attam`k fguta~w `t tfo _kgyo~-

ugtw ai E`cgia~kg` gk Cau @khocou &_EC@'+ ôurak-

ugngcgtw gu ec`gmod nw `k @~mokg`k H~ar ai >6+


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4+ Ak @hut ?# 0762# gk Kox Wa~l Egtw# `k @~mo-kg`k h~ar f~cu r`gkt namnu `t tfo T~lguf

Fauo è~auu i~am tfo _kgtod K`tgaku# famo ai tfo

T~lguf ôr~ouokt`tgaku gk Kox Wa~l+?+ Ak Aetano~ 9# 0762# gk Cau @khocou# E`cgia~kg`#txa Macatay eaelt`gcu `~o tf~axk gkta tfo famo ai

tfo T~lguf Eakuc Hoko~`c# Lom`c @~gl`k+ Fo

u~ygyod xgtf gkj~gou+

9+ Ak Aetano~ 0># 0762# gk Cau @khocou# E`cgia~kg`# `t~`yoc `hokew gk Faccwxaad# axkod nw ` T~lguf-

@mo~ge`k# gu namnod `kd dout~awod+ JE@H ec`gmu~ourakugngcgtw+

8+ Ak Ion~`~w 5# 0760# gk Cau @khocou# E`cgia~kg`#namn-up`d aiigeg`cu dgu`~m ` namn coit `t tfo

Uxguu Eakuc`to+ Tfo to~~a~gutu tf~o`tok gk

`kakwmau rfako e`ccu tf`t uef `ttèlu xgcc

eaktgko ktgc @~mokg`k-@mo~ge`k &_+U+ egtgzok'

Uzw M`fuo~odjg`k# xfa f`d nook `~~outod ia~to~~a~gut ètu gk O~aro# gu ~ocoùod+

6+ Ak Jko 5# 0760# gk Cau @khocou# E`cgia~kg`#namnu ia~eo tfo e`keocc`tgak ai ro~ia~m`keou nw `

T~lguf iacl-d`keo h~ar+ Tf~o`tu ai ugmgc`~

namngkhu ia~eo tfo h~ar(u ro~ia~m`keou gk U`k

I~`keguea ta no e`keocod ù xocc+

7+

Ak Jko >9# 0760# gk Cau @khocou# E`cgia~kg`# `namn ovrcadou gk i~akt ai tfo Uxguu N`klgkh

Ea~ra~`tgak aiigeou+ @h`gk# tfo xa~l ai tfo Kgktf

ai Jko A~h`kgz`tgak+

02+ Ak @hut >2# 0760# gk Cau @khocou# E`cgia~kg`# `namn ovrcadou atugdo tfo aiigeou ai Uxguu R~o-

egugak Gkut~moktu+ Tfo `ttèl gu ec`gmod nw tfo

Kgktf ai Jko+


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?>

00+ Ak Kayomno~ >2# 0760# gk Cau @khocou# E`cgia~-kg`# tfo T~lguf Eakuc`to Hoko~`c gk Noyo~cw

Fgccu uiio~u ovtokugyo d`m`ho+ Tfo JE@H ec`gmu

e~odgt+0>+ Ak J`k`~w 05# 076># gk Ta~akta# E`k`d`# `k@U@C@ namn eùou ovtokugyo d`m`ho ta tfo

T~lguf Eakuc`to Hoko~`c+

05+ Ak J`k`~w >6# 076># gk Cau @khocou# E`cgia~kg`#Lom`c @~gl`k# tfo T~lguf Eakuc Hoko~`c gk Cau

@khocou# gu ùuùugk`tod nw txa to~~a~gutu xfgco

d~gygkh ta xa~l+ Kgkotook wo`~-acd F`mrgh Uù-uakg`k gu `~~outod `kd uoktokeod ta cgio gk r~guak+

04+ Ak M`~ef 076># gk E`mn~gdho# Mùuèfuottu# `hgit ufar nocakhgkh ta A~f`k Hkdz# tfo T~lguf

Faka~`~w Eakuc Hoko~`c gk Nautak# gu ncaxk r+

Hkdz ~oeogyou `k ctgm`tm r~ga~ ta tfo `ttèl:

Ogtfo~ fo hgyou r fgu faka~`~w raugtgak a~ fo xgcc

no ovoetod+ ôurakugngcgtw gu ec`gmod nw tfoJE@H+

0?+ Txa maktfu c`to~ gk M`w 4# 076># E`mn~gdho#Mùuèfuottu# A~f`k Hkdz# tfo T~lguf Faka-

~`~w Eakuc Hoko~`c gk Nautak# gu ùuùugk`tod+

Tfo m~do~o~ gu utgcc `t c`~ho+

09+ Ak @r~gc 6# 076># gk Att`x`# E`k`d`# L`kg Hk-ha~# tfo Eammo~eg`c @ttèf `t tfo T~lgufOmnùuw gk Att`x`# gu uo~gaucw xakdod gk `k

`ttèl nw @~mokg`k to~~a~gutu gk tfo h`~`ho ai fgu

`r`~tmokt eamrcov+ @U@C@ ec`gmu ~ourakugngcgtw+

08+ Ak M`w 06# 076># gk Ta~akta# E`k`d`# ia~@~mokg`ku `~o `~~outod ia~ t~wgkh ta umhhco

makow at ai tfo eakt~w+ Tfo makow xù ovta~-

tod i~am @~mokg`ku+ Gk tfo ea~uo ai tfo gkyout-


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?5

tgh`tgak# gt gu dgueayo~od tf`t tfo to~~a~gutu ig~o-

namnod tfo fauo ai `k @~mokg`k xfa ~oiuod ta

m`lo fgu eakt~gntgak ta @~mokg`k to~~a~gum+

06+Ak M`w 06# 076># gk T`mr`# Ica~gd`# tfo T~lgufFaka~`~w Eakuc Hoko~`c Kùf L`~`f`k gu

`ttèlod `t fgu aiigeo+

07+ Ak M`w >9# 076># gk Cau @khocou# E`cgia~kg`# `namn d`m`hou tfo aiigeo ai Uxguu N`klgkh Ea~-

ra~`tgak+ Tfo uuroetu: ia~ @~mokg`ku èeuod

ai gkyacyomokt gk @U@C@+

>2+Ak M`w 52# 076># gk Cau @khocou# E`cgia~kg`#tf~oo momno~u ai @U@C@ `~o `~~outod xfok

rc`ktgkh ` namn gk tfo @g~ E`k`d` e`~ha-aiigeo+

>0+ Ak @hut >8# 076># gk Att`x`# E`k`d`# Eacakoc@tgcc` @ctzl`t# tfo Mgcgt`~w @ttèf `t tfo T~lguf

Omnùuw# gu ùuùugk`tod gk fgu e`~+ Tfo JE@H

ec`gmu ~ourakugngcgtw+

>>+Ak Aetano~ >9# 076># gk Cau @khocou# E`cgia~kg`#igyo @~mokg`k to~~a~gutu `~o `~~outod `kd ef`~hod

xgtf eakurg~gkh ta ncax r tfo aiigeou ai tfo

Faka~`~w Eakuc Hoko~`c gk Rfgc`docrfg`+

>5+ Ak J`k`~w >0# 0765# gk @k`fogm# E`cgia~kg`# kgkouarfgutge`tod rgro namnu `~o eakigue`tod i~am

`k @~mokg`k n`lo~w ìto~ ako ai tfo dotak`ta~u

haou aii `kd eùou ig~o+>4+ Ak M`~ef >7# 0764# gk Cau @khocou# E`cgia~kg`#@U@C@ uokdu ` x~gttok tf~o`t# ut`tgkh tf`t tfow

xgcc ùuùugk`to T~lguf `tfcotou xfa t`lo r`~t gk

tfo Acwmrgeu+ @ koxu `hokew gk I~`keo ~oeogyou

` x~gttok tf~o`t tf`t to~~a~gutu xgcc `ttèl `cc

hayo~kmoktu# a~h`kgz`tgaku# `kd eamr`kgou tf`t

ùugut gk `kw x`w T~low(u to`m `t tfo Acwmrgeu+


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?4

>?+ Ak M`~ef 0># 076?# gk Att`x`# E`k`d`# tf~oofo`ygcw `~mod to~~a~gutu uta~m tfo T~lguf

Omnùuw# lgccgkh ` E`k`dg`k uoe~gtw h`~d gk tfo

r~aeouu+ @ito~ ncaxgkh r tfo i~akt daa~# tfohkmok okto~ tfo ngcdgkh+ @mnùu`da~ Eaulk

Lg~e` m`k`hou ta oue`ro nt uiio~u ovtokugyo

gkj~gou+ Tfo xgio `kd d`hfto~ ai tfo `mnùu`da~#

xfa xo~o t`lok faut`ho# `~o c`to~ ~ocoùod# `kd tfo

to~~a~gutu u~~okdo~+ @^@ ec`gmu ~ourakugngcgtw+

>9+ Ak M`~ef >9# 076?# gk Ta~akta# E`k`d`# ` tf~o`tta ncax r tfo egtw ai Ta~akta(u t~`kugt uwutomco`du ta efàu d~gkh tfo ~uf fa~+ @k @~mo-

kg`k Uoe~ot @~mw ia~ tfo Cgno~`tgak ai a~

Famoc`kd ec`gmu ~ourakugngcgtw ia~ tfo tf~o`t+

@mo~ge` xù kat `cako noeùo @~mokg`k to~~a~gutu

`ttèlod tfog~ t`~hotu `cc ayo~ tfo xa~cd ak ` ~ohc`~ nùgu+

Xfa gu dg~oetgkh uef ` xgdour~o`d `kd a~h`kgzod to~~a~e`mr`ghk1 Xfa gu r`wgkh tfo ngcc ta e`~~w at uef `

to~~a~gut a~h`kgz`tgak1 Xfa gu t~`gkgkh tfouo to~~a~gutu1 Gk

~oeokt wo`~u tfo @~mokg`k to~~a~gut a~h`kgz`tgaku#

~oh`~dcouu ai xf`t tfow e`cc tfomuocyou# f`yo m~do~od 80

roarco `kd xakdod `katfo~ 568+

Xfw daou tfo _+U+ hayo~kmokt hgyo tfgu tgkw ut`to

ngccgak ai dacc`~u gk ia~oghk `gd xfok uef `ttèlu f`yonook m`do ak @mo~ge`k uagc nw @~mokg`k to~~a~gutu1

Xfw da @mo~ge`k ef~ef h~aru rmr mgccgaku ai

dacc`~u gkta ua-e`ccod Ef~gutg`k fm`kgt`~g`k ~ocgoi xfok

tfo Ef~ef `kd Ut`to ai @~mokg` `~o ugcokt `kd da katfgkh

ta utar tfouo at~`hou ai to~~a~ `~akd tfo xa~cd1


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EF@RTO^ UOYOK

@~mokg`k E~octw

Tfo c`~hout `kd maut rarcèo ai tfo T~`kueèùg`k

ut`tou# @zo~n`gj`k xù `cua tfo maut dgyo~uo+ @u `cx`wu#

@~mokg`ku eayotod mef ai tfgu koghfna~(u c`kdu+

Gk 0707 O~aro`ku `kd @mo~ge`ku lkox cgttco `nat

@zo~n`gj`k# `kd tfo aeeùgak`c koxur`ro~ èeaktu xo~o

ugkhc`~cw koh`tgyo `kd dokgh~`tgkh eammakcw gdoktgigod ù

T`~t`~u a~ T`t`~u# tfo @zo~n`gj`kgu xo~o ra~t~`wod ùnèlx`~d Mucgm i`k`tgeu nokt ak gmrcomoktgkh tfo T~lguf

uefomo ta `kkgfgc`to tfo @~mokg`ku+

Gk 0706# d~gkh Xa~cd X`~ G# ro~f`ru ù m`kw ù

5?2#222 Mucgmu gk @~mokg` noe`mo doutgtto ~oihoou# `

tfg~d ai xfam `cua noe`mo famocouu cgygkh gk mguo~w `cakh

tfo Attam`k i~aktgo~+

@kd tfo @~mokg`ku m`do r tfo uta~w tf`t tfo Attam`kueammgttod:

Ak @hut 0# Lf`k Tolgkulgg# tfo @zo~n`gj`kg okyaw

gk O~oy`k# ec`gmod tf`t 522 Mucgm ygcc`hou f`d nook do-

ut~awod ugkeo tfo nohgkkgkh ai 0706# tf`t tfo akcw

kakdgue~gmgk`tgak ufaxk nw @~mokg`ku xù gk tfog~ uc`hfto~

ai mok# xamok# `kd efgcd~ok `cglo# tf`t Mucgm uiio~gkh xù

ua gktokuo tf`t tfau`kdu xo~o t~wgkh ta mayo ta@zo~n gj`k

Gu gt `kw xakdo~ tfo Mucgm agc-r~adegkh eakt~gou ai

tfo xa~cd f`yo ~`guod r~geou ta @mo~ge`ku ak ` ~ohc`~ nùgu

ayo~ tfo rùt tok wo`~u xfok tfo _U hayo~kmokt jagku xgtf

Ef~gutg`k ûug` ta hgyo ngccgaku ai dacc`~u gk ia~oghk `gd ta

Ef~gutg`k @~mokg` ta focr tfom ia~eo 0 mgccgak Mucgmu

at ai tfog~ famou gk @zo~n`gj`k1 @mo~ge` mut utar hgygkh


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makow ta @~mokg` noeùo gt fù r~ayok kxa~tfw ta ~oeogyo

gt+

Fguta~w ufaxu tf`t tfo @~mokg`ku xo~o ûug`k

urra~to~u `kd f`d nook ugkeo tfo ig~ut r`~t ai tfo kgkotooktfeokt~w ìto~ tfo ûug`ku ia~eod at Mucgmu i~am Attam`k

c`kdu tfow e`rt~od+ Tfo~o gu ka dant tf`t gk 070? tfo

@~mokg`ku h`yo tat`c mgcgt`~w urra~t ta tfo ûug`ku+

Xfw kat cot tfo ûug`ku f`yo tfo igk`c xa~d ù ta gi

tfo @~mokg`ku tfomuocyou xo~o mùu m~do~o~u ai

xamok# efgcd~ok# `kd ocdo~cw1 Dgd tfo @~mokg`ku eammgt

to~~a~1 Tf~oo uef ûug`k @~mw aiigeo~ èeaktu ai jutako `~o` iaccaxu i~am `cc tfo fkd~odu ai èeaktu ak igco

gk tfo Maueax# ûug`# èfgoyou tad`w: Tfgu ûug`k

@~mw aiigeo~ r~ayou xgtfat dant tf`t @~mokg`

eammgttod tfo ig~ut hokaegdo ai tfo txoktgotf eokt~w+

ûug`k Hoko~`c C+ Adgufo Cgwotzo xù eamm`kdgkh

aiigeo~ ai `k gky`dgkh `~mw gkta tfo Attam`k Omrg~o `t

tfo nohgkkgkh ai Xa~cd X`~ G+ Tfo iaccaxgkh gu ` n~goioveo~rt iakd gk tfo ûug`k `~efgyou ai xf`t fo

xgtkouuod gk jut ako uoetgak ai fgu eamm`kd: Ak tfo

kghftu ai M`~ef 00-0> @~mokg`k ntefo~u n`wakotod `kd

`vod ta do`tf Mucgm roarco gk `~où u~~akdgkh

O~zgke`k+ Tfouo n`~n`~g`ku tf~ox tfog~ ygetgmu gkta rgtu#

mautcw dh èea~dgkh ta tfog~ ugkguto~ rc`ku ta ovtgkhguf

Mucgmu# gk h~aru ai 62+ Mw `djt`kt eaktod `kdko`~tfod >22 uef rgtu+

Ugvtook tfau`kd Mucgmu xo~o to~~a~gzod `kd m~do~od

gk tfgu ako `~o` `cako+ Tfo Hoko~`c haou ak ta u`w ai fgu

@~mokg`k `ccgou tfgu gu `k èt `h`gkut xa~cd egygcgz`tgak+

Cgotok`kt Eacakoc H~gw`zkai igcod `k aiigeg`c ~ora~t

~oh`~dgkh tfo @~mokg`k `t~aegtgou gk fgu `~o` ai eamm`kd:

armenia secrets of a christian terrorist state - sam weems

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