approved for public release. distribution unlimited. case #09-4342 ic.net (incident command net) don...
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Approved For Public Release. Distribution Unlimited. Case #09-4342
IC.NET(Incident Command Net)
Don McGarry • E146315-838-2669 • [email protected]
First Responder Collaboration & Integration
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My Background
Practicing Paramedic in New York State since 2001– 3 years full-time– Currently part-time
Paramedic Instructor for State University of New York Upstate Medical University
FEMA certified in Incident Command System, National Incident Management System, & National Response Framework
Ph.D. Candidate in Electrical & Computer Engineering – Syracuse University
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The Problem
Hazard on I-81 Bridge. All vehicles
enter from Mattydale exit.
Voice over Radio /Chat Message
Voice / Telephone
Voice / Telephone
Voice / TelephoneVoice / Telephone
Voice over Radio /Dispatch Message
Voice over Radio /Dispatch Message
Voice over Radio /Dispatch Message
Voice over Radio /Dispatch Message
County EMS Unit
County EMS Dispatch
County FireDispatch
County PDDispatch
City FireDispatch
City EMSDispatch
County PD Unit
County FD UnitCity FD Unit
City EMS Unit
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IC.NET Problem Statement
Incident Managers rely on radio communication & handwritten notes/reports for Situational Awareness during large scale events– Difficult to maintain a common operating picture– In-briefing of new staff is cumbersome– Information is sent ad-hoc to third & forth responders
Most regions have software-based Computer Aided Dispatch (CAD) or disaster management systems with computers in field units– Systems are generally not interoperable among regions– Existing standards are narrow in scope, or are too
heavyweight to be used during large scale events– Field sensor data is not sent on a real-time basis through an
open platform
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Incident Management Spectrum
* Leonard, H. B. and Howitt, A. M., Against Desperate Peril: High Performance in Emergency Preparation and Response, forthcoming in Communicable Crisis, edited by D. E. Gibbons. Leonard and Howitt, professors at Harvard’s Kennedy School of Government, have researched the characteristics of novel crises and have distinguished sudden crises from emergent crises.
House Fires2-Vehicle Accidents
Wild FiresN-Vehicle Accidents
Major EarthquakesMajor Hurricanes
Industrial AccidentsAirplane CrashesExplosions (bombs)
Pandemic FluCyber AttackAgriculture Attack
Nuclear Attack
Re
sp
on
se
Co
mp
lex
ity
Incident Complexity
Novel, Emergent*Predictable MostMost Least Least
• High situational awareness• Authority-based leadership• (Pattern) Recognitional decision-making• Modest customization• Execution of trained/practiced scripts
• Low situational awareness• Collaborative leadership• Improvisation and execution of
untested actions (Fault Tolerance)• Multiple levels of government• Strong political component• Dynamic Communities of Interest
We Need Tools That Scale
From This To This
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Constraint: Incident Command System
Pen & Paper / Organizational SystemA standardized on-scene emergency management construct
derived to ensure:– The safety of responders and others
– The achievement of tactical objectives
– The efficient use of resources
Represents "best practices" and has become the standard for emergency management across the country.
Is a key feature of the National Incident Management System (NIMS).
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Our Focus: EMS Chain of Action
Size-Up(Assess)
TriageField
Treatment
Determine Disposition
Transport Disposition
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Approach
Direct engagement with First Responders– Determine operational needs
– Monthly brainstorming sessions to evaluate content
– Analysis of real field systems and real field data
– Evaluation of proposed ideas to digitize business processes
Data modeling based on First Responder requirements– Identification of common data elements / exchange patterns
– Mapping to data elements to existing standards
– Existing standards evaluation
– Identification of data model gaps, development of placeholder loose couplers
Design & implementation of messaging platform– Routing and exposure messaging architecture
– Joint Interoperability testbed on MITRE DMZ
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What Distinguishes IC.NET
Studies have been done on CAD system interoperability– These studies focused on vendor-specific CAD to CAD
communication, not general CAD to CAD interoperability or CAD to Mobile Data Terminal (MDT) communication
– MDT’s are the systems that First Responders know how to use and will bring them to a mutual aid event
– The First Responder Community and FEMA have expressed a desire to have interoperability at the MDT layer
– Research on how to apply data standards to this layer is needed along with a functional prototype for proof of concept
Most current systems don’t capture First Responder Sensor Data – This research will include ways to capture, transmit, and expose this data to a common operating picture (COP)
Existing systems use explicit delivery to individuals through manual configuration – IC.NET seeks to automate this process based on the state of the ICS structure along with predefined role information
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Stakeholder Engagement
Central New York First Responders– Monthly feedback/brainstorming sessions
– Participation on Handshake / Testbed / Prototyping
LAFD / SDFD– Integration with legacy CAD
– Prototyping of interoperable CAD / MDT solution
– Integration with COTS vendors / CBRNE sensors
– Participation in incidents / exercises
OASIS– Research efforts can also produce technology transfer
– Provide SME and technical expertise to support DHS OIC
DHS– Support Virtual USA vision
– Support C2 interoperability for First Responder systems10
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IC.NET FY10 Vision
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LAFD
CAD
LAFD
MDT
ADASHIEOC
MITRE
MDT
SAFECBRN
E Sensor
s
Solace XML Route
r
COTS Vis.
WW Vis.
& C2
SD CAD
IC.NET Test Tool
LA Hospital
s
Evotec
HAITI
CMU
DM
IC.NET on MITRE DMZ / Joint Interoperability Testbed
New Vendor
s
OASIS Partner
s
Virtual USA
Images
First Responder On-Scene NetworkLifepak
12Digital Pen
Field Sensors
Google (VA) / ESRI
(VIPER)= via plugin
= via standards
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General Architectural Requirements
Standard data “envelope” for distributing data– Simple to implement / Easy to use– Ability to distribute without processing content– Support for machine-based processing of metadata
Standard payloads to be carried in the envelope– Use cases developed from consultation with SME– Data model driven from use cases
Platform to route and expose payload data– Field-able prototype for proof of concept, interoperability
testing, validation of data model– 24x7 joint interoperability testbed with OASIS partners, COTS
vendors, DHS, and SPAWAR
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Breakdown of EDXL-DE Structure
This diagram illustrates the basic components that makeup a DE message
DE messages are able to carry one or more payloads of data
IC.NET will use the OASIS standard EDXL v1.0 messageAll EDXL standards are designed to be carried in the DE
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ED
XL-
DE
Mes
sage
“Type” of Message
Date / Time Message Sent
Sender Information
Recipient Information
Geographical Information
XML / Non-XML Payloads
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IC.NET Payloads
EDXL-HAVE – Hospital Availability:– OASIS Standard v1.0– MITRE is currently supporting development of EDXL-DE v2.0
Situational Representation:– Incident & Unit Information– MITRE is currently supporting development of EDXL-SitRep
standard in OASIS
Tracking of Emergency Patients:– Patient, Triage, Treatment, and Transport Information– MITRE is will be supporting development of EDXL-TEP
standard once it reaches OASIS
Resource Messaging– Unit information– Unit tasking
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Platform / Architecture Features
Research goal is to automate the exposure of data to the ICS structure based on pre-defined business processes
Leverage the “context” of the ICS structure to have message exposure system determine:– Who are the appropriate customers for a message?– What level of detail should I expose to each customer?
Message exposure system needs to examine both the content of the messages and the state command structure
Messages should be ingested and exposed using both pub/sub and request/reply messaging
Message delivery should be guaranteed, despite network conditions
Architecture needs to provide a simple mechanism to add both consumers & producers of data
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IC.NET High Level Architecture
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Dynamic Data Composability
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LAFD
CAD
LAFD
MDT
ADASHIEOC
LA Hospitals
IC.NET
Field Hospital
Existing Users
1. New Field Hospital
wants to receive pertinent
data feeds
2. Field Hospital system
posts EDXL-DE /
Message to POST Endpoint
3. IC.NET system adds
field hospital to model
4. IC.NET returns xAL
object with dynamically
created REST & pub/sub
Endpoints for Field Hospital
5. Field Hospital will
now receive data feeds
from existing users
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Dynamic Data Federation
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IC.NET for
Local Jurisdiction
1. Local jurisdiction has incident
and wants to connect with other
neighboring jurisdictions
2. Routing rules are updated
and DE pub/sub endpoints
are connected
3. Other Local jurisdiction
now has bilateral C2 information
sharing capabilities
4. Local jurisdiction
now can receive all
of neighboring area’s
shared data
IC.NET in Neighboring
Area
Solace Router
FEMA DM-
OPEN
FEMAIPAWS
Network Layer
5. This works with ANY
EDXL-DE – based system!
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Current Status
Technical– EDXL - Library implementation – Transition to Open Source
– EDXL - Test tool development – Transition to Open Source
– MEXL – Design & Library Implementation
– Ingestion / Exposure Services
– Routing service with pub/sub messaging
Outreach– OASIS Technical Committee Voting member
– Supporting technical effort for EDXL standards development
– Chair W3C Decisions Incubator Activity
– LAFD & SDFD Engagement
– Interoperability Testbed
– DHS / FEMA Engagement
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IC.NET – Incident Command Net
ObjectivesPrincipal Investigators Donald McGarry
Organizations E146
HLSC / SEDI
Level of Effort 1.8 Staff Years
Status: New
Research & develop a data model for the First Responder Domain
Develop enterprise messaging services to support dynamic message routing and orchestration
Develop agile end-user applications to support changing and expanding National Response events for enhanced situational awareness
Participate in Mass Casualty Incident Drills
Activities
Create better situational awareness for Incident Command & Supervising Facilities
Develop prototype tools for National Emergency Response Scenarios
Drive standards development and adoption for / with DHS
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IC.NET DEMO
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References
FEMA (2008). National Response Framework. Retrieved from the FEMA Web site: http://www.fema.gov/pdf/emergency/nrf/nrf-core.pdf
Gorman, J. (2005). Parlez | UML. Driving Development with Use Cases. Retrieved from the ParlezUML Web site: http://www.parlezuml.com/tutorials/usecases/usecases.pdf
Jain, S. et. al. (2007). Towards Standards For Integrated Gaming And Simulation For Incident Management. SCSC.
Truong, H. et. al. (2009). On Modeling, Collecting and Utilizing Context Information for Disaster Responses in Pervasive Environments. CASTA ‘09.
United States Department of Homeland Security [DHS] (2009). Emergency Data Exchange Language (EDXL) Project Initiation Document (PID) For the Tracking of Emergency Victims (EDXL-TEV) Messaging Standard PHASE I - Tracking of Emergency Patients (EDXL-TEP). Retrieved from the Evotec inc. Web site: http://www.evotecinc.com/TEP/index.php?dir=&file=EDXL-TEP%20Project%20Initiation%20Document%20%28PID%29%20v4%201.pdf
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References
Brady, T. (2003). Emergency Management: Capability Analysis of Critical Incident Response. Proceedings of the 2003 Winter Simulation Conference.
Chen, R. et. al. (2008). Coordination in Emergency Response Management. Communications of the ACM, 51(5), 66-73
Chipman, R. et. al. (2008). Network Based Information Sharing Between Emergency Operations Center. IEEE Xplore.
Emergency Interoperability Consortium [EIC] (2009). The Emergency Interoperability Consortium. Retrieved from the EIC Web site: http://www.eic.org/
Fawcett, Dr. J (2009). Syracuse University. UML Notation. Retrieved from the Syracuse University Web site: http://www.ecs.syr.edu/faculty/fawcett/handouts/cse681/presentations/notation.ppt
Federal Emergency Management Agency [FEMA] (2009). About the National Incident Management System (NIMS). Retrieved from the FEMA Web site: http://www.fema.gov/emergency/nims/AboutNIMS.shtm
FEMA (2009). Disaster Management Interoperability Services – Open Platform for Emergency Networks (OPEN). Retrieved from the Disaster Help Web site: http://www.disasterhelp.gov/disastermanagement/open/index.shtm
FEMA (2008). Incident Command System (ICS), Review Materials. Retrieved from the FEMA Independent Study Web site: http://training.fema.gov/EMIWeb/IS/ICSResource/assets/reviewMaterials.pdf
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References
FEMA (2008). IS-100 Introduction to Incident Command System ICS-100 Instructor & Student Guide. Retrieved from the FEMA Independent Study Web site: http://training.fema.gov/EMIWeb/IS/is100alst.asp
FEMA (2008). IS-200 ICS for Single Resources and Initial Action Incidents ICS-200 Instructor & Student Guide. Retrieved from the FEMA Independent Study Web site: http://training.fema.gov/EMIWeb/IS/is200alst.asp
FEMA (2009). IS-700 NIMS An Introduction Instructor & Student Guide. Retrieved from the FEMA Independent Study Web site: http://training.fema.gov/EMIWeb/IS/is700alst.asp
Leonard, H. B. and Howitt, A. M., Against Desperate Peril: High Performance in Emergency Preparation and Response, forthcoming in Communicable Crisis, edited by D. E. Gibbons. Leonard and Howitt, professors at Harvard’s Kennedy School of Government, have researched the characteristics of novel crises and have distinguished sudden crises from emergent crises.
Mulgund, et. al. The MITRE Corp. (2008). N2CI Architecture.
Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS) (2005). Common Alerting Protocol (CAP) 1.1 OASIS Standard. Retrieved from the OASIS Web site: http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/download.php/15135/emergency-CAPv1.1-Corrected_DOM.pdf
OASIS (2006). Emergency Data Exchange Language Distribution Element (EDXL-DE) 1.0 OASIS Standard. Retrieved from the OASIS Web site: http://docs.oasis-open.org/emergency/edxl-de/v1.0/EDXL-DE_Spec_v1.0.pdf
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References
OASIS (2008). Emergency Data Exchange Language Hospital Availability Exchange (EDXL-HAVE) 1.0 Public Review Draft. Retrieved from the OASIS Web site: http://docs.oasis-open.org/emergency/edxl-have/pr05/emergency_edxl_have-1.0-spec-pr05.pdf
OASIS (2008). Emergency Data Exchange Language Resource Messaging (EDXL-RM) 1.0 Public Review Draft. Retrieved from the OASIS Web site: http://docs.oasis-open.org/emergency/edxl-rm/v1.0/pr02/EDXL-RM-SPEC-V1.0.pdf
OASIS (2009). Emergency Data Exchange Language (EDXL) Requirements Statement and draft Messaging Specification for the Situation Reporting Messaging Standard (EDXL-SitRep). Retrieved from the OASIS Web site: http://www.oasis-open.org/apps/org/workgroup/emergency-msg/download.php/32999/EDXL-SitRep-Rqmts-MsgSpec020209.pdf
OASIS (2009). The Distribution Element:The Basic Steps to Package and Address Your Emergency Information. Retrieved from the OASIS Web site: http://www.oasis-open.org/apps/org/workgroup/emergency/download.php/34264/EDXL-DE-Basics-WhitePaper-18Aug09-r2.doc
FEMA (2008). IS-800 National Response Framework, An Introduction Instructor & Student Guide. Retrieved from the FEMA Independent Study Web site: http://training.fema.gov/EMIWeb/IS/is800blst.asp
FEMA (2008). National Incident Management System. Retrieved from the FEMA Web site: http://www.fema.gov/emergency/nims/
FEMA (2009). National Incident Management System Supporting Technology Evaluation Program. Retrieved from the NIMS-STEP Web site: https://www.nimsstep.org/Default.asp
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BACKUP SLIDES
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Industry Partners
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First Responder Partners
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MITRE Partners
Warfighter Widgets – Kelly Gerschefske E54ACoT for DNDO Messaging – Paul Gonsalves E146Digital Pen – Qian Hu – G063EREN – David Siegrist – G154SLFC Study – Kim Warren – N010CID Support – Gerardo Garcia – N010VIPER Support – Mike French – N161Breckford / Decision Support – Percy Schmidt – E541Virtual USA Support – Neal Rothleder – E541
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What is IC.NET?
IC.NET (Incident Command Net)– Original research idea proposed by PI during FY09 MIP– MITRE MSR starting in FY10– Research idea to bring interoperability to First Responders
Objectives– Operational needs from First Responders– Data modeling– Standards development / support– Common platform for data exchange– Platform to drive standards adoption
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Future Work
Expand Data Model– Fire Units– Police Units– Police Information
Connection to additional “interested parties”– Local government– CI/KR– DOT
Handling LEIS / CUIConnection between DoD / Civilian SystemsExpanding data model to include wider band of incident
command system“Intelligent” message processing routing
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Underlying Architecture Issues
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CAD
MDT
Incident Managemen
t
COTS / Custom Vis.
HAZMATSenso
r Data
IMINT
ICS Tools
SA / COP Tools
COTS / Custom Vis.
COTS / Custom Vis.
COTS / Custom Vis.
COTS / Custom Vis.
COTS / Custom Vis.
What about???
Cellular
Smartphones
Twitter WebUnanticipated
Users
New Producers New Consumers
Proprietary / Legacy / Non-Standard Data Formats
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Research Topics / Questions
Development & analysis of the data model for the First Responder Domain– General Breadth Analysis– Specific Depth Analysis for EMS
Do existing standards cover the data model?How can we improve existing standards / develop
standards to fill gaps?How can we connect systems that are currently disparate
using standards?How do we orchestrate data flow between systems in a
system that is feasible for First Responder deployment?How can we apply CCoD concepts to support the First
Responder mission?
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Sample Triage Algorithm
No more than 30 seconds per patient
No treatment other than airway positioning and major bleeding control
Patients categorizes into 3 priorities or dead
Individuals can also be affected persons– Not injured but
affected by disaster
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