applications of wireless sensor networks in smart grid presented by zhongming zheng
TRANSCRIPT
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Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid
Presented by Zhongming Zheng
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Outline
• Introduction• System Model• OREM• iHEM Application• Performance evaluation
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Introduction
• Smart grid– Modern electric power-grid infrastructure– For improving efficiency, reliability and safety– With integration of renewable and alternative
energy sources– Through automated control and modern
communication technologies
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Introduction
• The key factor– Online power system condition monitoring,
diagnostic, and protection– Reliable and online information– Avoid power disturbances and outages due to
equipment failures, capacity limitations, natural accidents and catastrophes
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Introduction
• Possible Solutions– Traditional wired monitoring systems• Expensive communication cable installations• Expensive regularly maintenance• Not widely implemented today due to high cost
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Introduction
• Possible Solutions– Wireless sensor networks• Rapid deployment• Low cost• Flexibility• Aggregated intelligence via parallel processing
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Introduction
• Existing and potential applications of WSNs on smart grid– Wireless automatic meter reading– Remote system monitoring and equipment fault
diagnostic
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Introduction
• Wireless automatic meter reading– Reduce electric utility operational costs (No need
for human readers)– Online pricing based on online energy
consumption of the customers– Asset protection through advanced remote
monitoring – WSNs provide low-cost and low-power solution
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Introduction
• Remote system monitoring and equipment fault diagnostic– Avoid or largely alleviated power-grid and facility
breakdowns– Existing remote sensing, monitoring and fault
diagnostic solutions are too expensive– WSNs provide cost-effective sensing and
communication solution in a remote and online manner
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Introduction
• Challenges to apply WSNs in smart grid– Harsh environmental conditions– Reliability and latency requirements– Packet errors and variable link capacity– Resource constraints
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Overview
• Previous work– Propose an in-home energy management application– Employ a wireless sensor home area network– Exploit communications among the appliances and an
energy management unit
• This work– Develop the optimization-based residential energy
management scheme– Aim to minimize the energy expenses of the consumers – Schedule appliances to less expensive hours according to the
time of use tariff
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Outline
• Introduction• System Model• OREM• iHEM Application• Performance evaluation
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System Model
• System Configuration– Home area network– Utilize Zigbee protocol– Divide one day into equal-length timeslots– Various timeslots may have different price
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Outline
• Introduction• System Model• OREM• iHEM Application• Performance evaluation
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Optimization-Based Residential Energy Management (OREM)
• The consumer requests are given in advance• Objective function– Minimize the total energy expenses
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Optimization-Based Residential Energy Management (OREM)
• Constraints– the total duration of the cycles of the scheduled
appliances does not exceed the length of the timeslot that is assigned for them
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Optimization-Based Residential Energy Management (OREM)
• Constraints– A cycle may start at the end of one timeslot and it
will naturally continue in the consecutive timeslot.– An appliance cycle is fully accommodated without
experiencing any interruptions
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Optimization-Based Residential Energy Management (OREM)
• Constraints– Bound the maximum delay to two timeslots to
reduce consumer discomfort and to avoid bursts of request
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Outline
• Introduction• System Model• OREM• iHEM Application• Performance evaluation
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In-Home Energy Management(iHEM)
• Consumer demands are processed in real time• Objective– Decrease the cost of energy usage at home– Minimize the comfort degradation for the
consumers
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In-Home Energy Management(iHEM)
• Scenario
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In-Home Energy Management(iHEM)
• Notations– RFD: reduced function device. – FFD: full function device– PAN(Grey node): personal area network
coordinator
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In-Home Energy Management(iHEM)Check price &
Scheduling
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In-Home Energy Management(iHEM)• START-REQ (a)
– Request to start
• AVAIL-REQ (b)– Request for the availability of energy
• UPDATE-AVAIL (c)– Update the amount of available energy on the unit
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In-Home Energy Management(iHEM)
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In-Home Energy Management(iHEM)
• Personal area network coordinator– Beacon-enabled mode
• Define the duty cycle with the superframe duration of the superframe structure
• Synchronize the nodes in the network• Nodes only communicate in the active period• In Contention Access Period, transmit data by CSMA/CA
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Outline
• Introduction• System Model• OREM• iHEM Application• Performance evaluation• Conclusion
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Simulation Results
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Simulation Results
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Q & A