APPLICATION OF GIS METHOD TO IDENTIFY URBAN SILHOUETTE FORM

By: Rahman Tafahomi

Seyed Moslem Seyed Al Hosseini Hassanuddin Lamit

Ahman Bushri

Introduction:

• Each city has particular form that make it special • There are numerous urban forms • patterns of cities are equal to city numbers • Perception of laypeople is so general in city• Perception of laypeople is regarding to location• Comprehensive perception of city concern with

experts then laypeople

Issue:

• GIS system is a tool to:• Integrate geometric data and non geometric

information• connect and like between graphical data and non

graphical (vector and raster)• Convert information into data and vase versa • arrange, configure, classify, illustrate data• Present height of buildings regarding to data• Able to create visual form to analysis

Issue continue…

• From of city combine from natural terrains and man made elements

• Topography is important factors in natural part• Roads and buildings are significance parts of

man made • Overlays technique adjust these two groups of

data and information

Methodology

• Integrated method including:

GIS and Urban Design methods • Application of:

ArcMap, Spatial analyst, 3D analyst, and ArcScene extension

•

Research process

GIS surrounding

Concepts of silhouette

Elements of silhouette

Man made data

Natural terrains

Concept of Silhouette Form• The silhouettes are easily

recognized. But there is no color, shading, motion, or texture. Nor is context of any help; your present location, the time of day, and other contextual factors could not help you to predict context are often not necessary for successful recognition. Shape alone is often sufficient.

• what is in the figure. The figure contains only shape, and that of a restricted type,

• namely silhouettes.• Thus, in many cases, shape alone

permits successful recognition of objects.

• Boundary is important factor in silhouette of shape or elements that it could create line to separate mass from spaces.

Concepts of Urban Silhouette

Silhouette of Hong Kong city

Mass parts of cities as Different Urban Silhouette

Research Design

Sorts of Data for Urban Silhouette

Natural

Topography data

Terrain data

Designing Structure of Data in GIS

GIS System

DATA Geometric

AutoCAD DataSatellite data

Geometric data base

INFORMATION non geometric

Survey operation

Context

Data

Details

Auto Cad Maps as a platform

Data and information to create data base bank

Linkage between data and information

Linkage between data and information

Creation of landform as illustration base

Simulation of 3D forms of Buildings

Simulation of 3D forms of Buildings

Simulation of 3D forms of Buildings

Data Analysis and Findings of Research

Topography heights in Mashhad city Area

Periodical expansions of Mashhad city

Topography of Mashhad city

Heights of buildings in Mashhad city

First ring of urban silhouette form in Mashhad city

Second ring of urban silhouette form in Mashhad city

محل هتل هما 1شماره

Third ring of urban silhouette form in Mashhad city

Conclusion: • Arc GIS and Arc Scene have ability to illustrate and redesign the

buildings heights to create urban silhouette forms• Arc GIS and Arc Scene have ability to redesign urban silhouette

forms regarding data and information of the graphical codes on the maps and no graphical information

• GIS platform have good ability to create natural landforms of city and placement the bulk of city

• GIS technology makes it to technical presentation that different group of experts and professional could do it.

• According to specification of silhouette concept, simulation of a rough draft of the city bulk and mass as silhouette provide cyber situation for planners, designers, managers, and laypeople to consider their situation in city for different objectives and purposes.

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