Topic of Presentation: Applications of Remote Sensing and GIS

in Agriculture

ByREHANA KHALIQ

Lucian Blaga University Sibiu

Geographic Information System A GIS is a computer system capable of capturing,

storing, analyzing, and displaying geographically referenced information; that is, data identified according to location.

Practitioners also define a GIS as including the procedures, operating personnel, and spatial data that go into the system.

A GIS makes it possible to link, or integrate, information that is difficult to associate through any other means.

Thus, a GIS can use combinations of mapped variables to build and analyze new variables.

GIS is most useful when used to perform data analysis

First developed in North America, particularly the U.S. and Canada in the mid-1960s

Previously been used in natural resources and environmental research

GIS: OLD AND NEWGIS: OLD AND NEW

Traditional GIS

MAP TYPEWRITERMANUAL DRAFING TOOLS

New GIS

COMPUTER PLOTTER CD-ROM

the real world has a lot of spatial data◦ manipulation, analysis and modeling can be effective

and efficiently carried out with a GIS the neighborhood of the intended purchase of house the route for fire-fighting vehicles to the fire area location of historical sites to visit the earth surface for purposes of army

the earth surface is a limited resource rational decisions on space utilization fast and quality information in decision making

complexity of management◦ due to the need to combine and process many sets of data,

in addition to judge as many as possible, situation that might happen.

intense competition◦ the need to use technology in making decisions and

strategy in the world of intense competition.

GIS

USES

VARIOUS DATASOURCES

VARIOUS DATAFORMATS

AND

MAPS IMAGEDIGITAL

PRODUCTSGPS

TEXTDATA

TABULARDATA

MAPS

DATABASE

REPORTS

1

2

4 43

•Data Acquisition and prepossessing•Database Management and Retrieval•Spatial Measurement and Analysis•Graphic output and Visualization

• Maximize the efficiency of planning and decision making

• Provide efficient means for data distribution and handling

• Elimination of redundant data base - minimize duplication

• Capacity to integrate information from many sources

• Complex analysis/query involving geographical referenced data to generate

 

Geospatial data are better maintained in a standard format.

Revision and updating are easier. Geospatial data and information are easier to search,

analysis and represent. More value added product. Geospatial data can be shared and exchanged freely. Productivity of the staff improved and more efficient. Time and money are saved. Better decision can be made.  

Facilities Management: Locating underground pipes & cables, planning facility

maintenance, telecommunication network services Environmental and Natural Resources

Management: Environmental impact analysis, disaster management and mitigation

Street Network: Locating houses and streets, car navigation,

transportation planning Planning and Engineering: Urban planning, regional planning, development of

public facilities Land Information: Taxation, zoning of land use, land acquisition

Remote Sensing:◦ The art and science of obtaining information about an

object without physically contact between the object and sensor

◦ The processes of collecting information about Earth surfaces and phenomena using sensors not in physical contact with the surfaces and phenomena of interest.

◦ There is a medium of transmission involved i.e. Earth’s Atmosphere.

Energy Source or Illumination (A)

Radiation and the Atmosphere (B)

Interaction with the Target (C)

Recording of Energy by the Sensor (D)

Transmission, Reception, and Processing (E)

Interpretation and Analysis (F)

Application (G) Source: Canadian Centre for Remote Sensing

Remote Sensing Process Components

Agriculture Forestry Geology Hydrology Sea Ice Land Cover & Land Use Mapping Oceans & Coastal Monitoring

Source: Jensen (2000)

Application DomainApplication Domain

Use of Remote Sensing and GIS technology in these areas of sustainable agricultural management.

 

Cropping system map generated through integrated use of temporal digital satellite data and GIS

Urbanization & Transportation◦ Updating road maps◦ Asphalt conditions◦ Wetland delineation

Agriculture◦ Crop health analysis◦ Precision agriculture◦ Compliance mapping◦ Yield estimation

Natural Resource Management◦ Habitat analysis◦ Environmental assessment◦ Pest/disease outbreaks◦ Impervious surface mapping◦ Lake monitoring◦ Hydrology◦ Landuse-Landcover monitoring◦ Mineral province◦ Geomorphology

AgricultureAgriculture

• Crop acreage estimation

• Crop modeling for yield &

production forecast / estimation

• Crop & Orchard monitoring

Scope

• Timely availability of crop

statistics for decision making &

planning

• Crop growth monitoring

• Soil status monitoring

• Regular reports regarding total

area under cultivation

Benefits

Banana Plantation – Muhammad Pur (Ghotki)Banana Plantation – Muhammad Pur (Ghotki)

FFC Goth Macchi FFC Goth Macchi

Mar 05, 2006, RecoveryJan 12, 2006, DamageDec 16, 2005, Pre-Frost

ForestryForestry

• Satellite image based forest

resource mapping and updation

• Forest change detection

• Forest resource inventory

• GIS database development

Scope

• Availability of baseline information

• Planning for aforestation strategies

• Futuristic resource planning

• Sustainability of environment

• Wild life conservation & development

for recreation purpose

Benefits Sarhad Reserve Forest (Ghotki)

NausharoFiroz

Landuse / Landcover MappingLanduse / Landcover Mapping

• Monitoring dynamic changes

• Urban/Rural infrastructure

• Waterlogging & salinity

Scope

• Assessment of spatial distribution of

land resources

• Infrastructure monitoring

• Availability of usable land

• Future planning for better land

management for socio-economic

development

Benefits

Urban & Regional PlanningUrban & Regional Planning

• Mapping & updation of

city/town maps

• Urban sprawl monitoring

• Town planning

• Facility management

• GIS database development

Scope

Lyari Express Way – Section (Essa Nagri)Lyari Express Way – Section (Essa Nagri)

• Better decision support, planning

& management

• Rapid information updation

• Infrastructure development

monitoring

• Spatial information analysis

Benefits

Expensive to build and operate!!!! Measurement uncertainty can be large Data interpretation can be difficult

need to understand theoretically how the instrument is making the measurements

need to understand measurement uncertainties

need to have some knowledge of the phenomena you are sampling

Recent developments in remote sensing and GIS hold much promise to enhance integrated management of all available information and the extraction of desired information to promote sustainable agriculture and development.

GIS is considered one of the important tools for decision making in problem solving environment dealing with geo-information.

Remotely sensed images can be used to identify nutrient deficiencies, diseases, water deficiency or surplus, weed infestations, insect damage, hail damage, wind damage, herbicide damage, and plant populations.

Remote Sensing and GIS technology is very effective tool for suggesting action plans /management strategies for agricultural sustainability of any region.

thanks!!!

The end