appendix 1 -all articles

7/31/2019 Appendix 1 -All Articles

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Appendix 1

Author & Year Application area, Country &Sample

Input variables Output variables Methodology

(Agrell andBogetoft, 2005) 204 District heating plants,Denmark (1998 1999 & 1999 2000)

Primary energy input from oilPrimary energy input from coalPrimary energy input from gasPrimary energy input from

woodchips or pelletPrimary energy input from strawPrimary energy input from other

biofuelPrimary electrical energy inputSecondary heat input from

generating plant

Secondary heat input fromindustrial sourceSecondary heat input from waste

incinerationSecondary heat input from other

sourceTotal carbon dioxideExpenditure for operation,

maintenance, administration andmetering

Expenditure for primary and

secondary energyExpenditure for primary fuel

Net delivered thermal energyDelivered electric energyNumber of subscribed

connection points of thedistribution system

Revenue from sales of electricity

DEA, radial inputoriented distancefunction

(Aiken andPasurka, 2003)

19 Standard industrialclassification (SIC)manufacturing industries, UnitedStates (1970, 1983 & 1996)

CapitalLabourAggregate intermediate input

Undesirable Particulate MatterSulphur dioxideDesirable Gross outp

ut

Shadow prices,total factor

productivity


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(Allen andThanassoulis,2004)

(Ang andPandiyan, 1997) Manufacturing energy andproduction data from China,South Korea & Taiwan (1980 1991, 1981 1993, 1980 1993)

Divisia indexapproach

(Ann et al., 2006)(Arocena andWaddams Price,2002)(Avkiran, 2009)(Ball et al., 2004) 48 contiguous states, United

States (1960 1996)

Capital

LabourMaterial

Undesirable

Risk to human health fromexposure to pesticide leachingRisk to human health from

exposure to pesticide runoffRisk to aquatic life from

exposure to pesticide leachingRisk to aquatic life from

exposure to pesticide runoffDesirable CropAnimal

Fisher, Malmquist

productivity index

(Banerjee, 2007) Cement Industries, India :68 firms (1999 2000)243 firms (2003 2004)

Purchase value of all basic and non-basic input

Manday generatedNet value of fixed assetNet value of current asset

Undesirable Particulate matter emitted from a

firm without the use of controltechnologies

Desirable Ex-factory value of all theproducts and bi-products

DEA, outputoriented BCCmodel, CCRmodel


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produced by a cement firm

(Barbera and

McConnell, 1990)(Barla andPerelman, 2005)(Becken andPatterson, 2006)

New Zealand tourism (2001) TransportationsAccommodationsActivities/attractions

CO2 Bottom-up & top-down analysis

(Benedetti et al.,2008)(Bevilacqua andBraglia, 2002)

7 AgipPetroli oil refineries, Italy(1996)

Fuel consumption Undesirable Sulphur dioxide

Nitrogen oxide

Carbon monoxideCarbon dioxideDesirable Total suspended particleVolatile organic compound

DEA

(Bikki Jaggi, 1992)(Bosetti andBuchner, 2009)

(Boyd andMcClelland, 1999)

146 Manufacturing plants-integrated paper mills, UnitedStates (1988 1992)

Capital stockProduction workerElectricity costFuel costMaterial cost

Undesirable Air pollutant (Sulphur dioxideTotal suspended particle)

Water pollutant (BiochemicalOxygen Demand, TotalSuspended Solid)

Toxics (Chlorine, Methane,Sulfuric acid)

Input distanceFunction, DEA,hyperbolicanalysis


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Desirable Output value

(Boyd and Pang,2000) Manufacturing plants (glassindustry), United States :45 Container glass (1995)126 Flat glass (1987 1995)

Electric-output ratioFuel-output ratioCumulative outputCapital-output ratioElectric price

Natural gas priceLP efficiency measure

Total shipment of outputCapital stockLabourEnergyPlant and equipmentMaterial

Regressionanalysis, DEA,distance function

(Boyd et al., 2002) 63 Glass industries, UnitedStates (1987 1990)

LabourCapital StockEnergy cost

Material cost

Undesirable Nitrogen oxideDesirable

Value of shipment

MalmquistProductivity Index

(Brannlund et al.,1998)

41 Pulp and paper industries,Sweden (1986 1990)

LabourWood FibreElectricity

Undesirable Biological Oxygen DemandChemical Oxygen DemandSuspended SolidDesirable Production of pulp

Linearprogrammingmodel oftechnology

(Burnett andHansen, 2008) Electric utility industry, UnitedStates :84 Phase One plants (1990

1995)164 Non Phase One plants (1990

1995)

CapitalFuel CostOperating Cost

Undesirable Sulphur dioxideDesirable Kilowatt-hour

DEA, BCC model

(Burritt and Saka,


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2006)(Camarero et al.,2008)

22 OECD countries (1971 2002)

CapitalLabour

Undesirable Carbon dioxide

Desirable Gross domestic product

DEA, distancefunction,

multivariate test

(Casler and Rose,1998)

US carbon dioxide emissions(1972 1982)

Input-outputstructuraldecompositionanalysis

(Chang and Lin,1998)

34 sectors in Taiwan (1991) Energy consumption Undesirable CO2Desirable Domestic gross output

Input-outputstructuraldecompositionanalysis

(Charnes et al.,1978)(Chen, 2003) 3 Industries (Textiles, Chemicals

and Metallurgy), China (1966 1985)

CapitalLabour

Annual gross industrial outputvalue

Non-radialMalmquist

productivity index

(Chiew, 2008)(Choi and Ang,2001)(Christainsen andHaveman, 1981)

(Chung et al.,1997)

39 Paper and pulp industries,Sweden (1986 1990)

LabourWood fibreEnergyCapital

Undesirable Biological oxygen demandChemical oxygen demandSuspended solidDesirable Production

Output orientedMalmquist-Luenberger

productivityindex, directionaldistance function

(Coelli et al., 2007)


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(Coggins andSwinton, 1996)

42 Wisconsin coal burningutility plants (1990 1992)

EnergySulfurLabour

Capital

Undesirable SO2Desirable

Electricity

Output distancefunction, shadow

prices

(Cole et al., 2005)(Conrad andMorrison, 1989)

US, Canadian & Germanmanufacturing (1960 1980)

CapitalLabour

Linearprogramming

(Considine andLarson, 2006)

36 Utility companies, UnitedStates (1995 1999)

FuelLabour

Undesirable EmissionDesirable StockAllocation

Net purchase

GeneralizedLeontief (GL)

(Cooper et al.,2004)(Cuesta et al.,2009)(Cullinane et al.,2006)

(Dyckhoff andAllen, 2001)(Elsayed andPaton, 2005)(Fre andGrosskopf, 2003)(Fre andGrosskopf, 2004)


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(Fre et al. , 2004) 17 OECD Countries (1990) Energy consumptionCapital stockLabour

Undesirable Carbon dioxide

Nitrogen oxide

Sulfur oxideDesirable Gross domestic product

DEA, multilateralEnvironmentalIndexes, distance

function

(Fre et al., 1989a)(Fare et al., 1993)(Fre et al., 2005)(Fare et al., 1997)(Fre et al., 1994) 17 OECD countries (1979

1988)Capital stockEmployment

GDP Malmquistproductivity index

(Fre et al., 1986) 100 steam electric utility plants

in US (1975)

Capital

LabourCoalOilGas

Undesirable

Particulate matterSulfur dioxideNitrogen oxideHeatDesirable

Net generation

Linear

programmingapproach

(Fre et al., 1989b) 23 electric utility plants in US(1969 & 1975)

CapitalLabourFuelPrecipitators

Net generation DEA, Hypothesistesting

(Fre et al., 2001)(Fre et al., 2007) 92 US coal-fired electric power

plants (1985 1995)Capital StockEmployeesHeat contents (coal, oil, gas)

Undesirable SO2

NOxDesirable

Net electrical ganeration

Joint productionand traditionalapproach

(Fre et al., 1996)


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(Fre et al., 2006) US agricultural sector (1960 1996)

LandLabourCapital

Material inputs

Undesirable LeachingRunoff

Desirable CropsAnimals

Directional outputdistance function

(Fre et al., 2003) 24 OECD Countries (1971 1990)

LabourCapital stock

Undesirable Carbon dioxideSolid particulate matterDesirable Gross domestic product

DEA, inputdistance function

(Fre and Knox

Lovell, 1978)(Fre and KnoxLovell, 1981)(Feroz et al., 2009)(Freedman andJaggi, 1982)

US 41 firms from pollutingindustries(steel, oil refining,

paper and pulp chemicalselectrical utilities) (1973)

Economic performance Pollution disclosure Hypothesis testing

(Galdeano-Gmezet al., 2008)(Gang and

Felmingham,2004)(Golany and Roll,1989)(Gollop andRoberts, 1983)(Hadi Vencheh etal., 2005)

No real sample data X1 undesirableX2

Y1Y2 undesirable

DEA, CCR model


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(Hailu, 2003)(Hailu andVeeman, 2000)

36 Canadian pulp and paperindustry (1959 1994)

EnergyWood residue

PulpwoodNon-wood materialsProduction labourAdministration labourcapital

Undesirable BOD

TSSDesirable Net pulp outputNewsprintOther papersPaperboards

Malmquistproductivity

index, Inputdistance function

(Hailu andVeeman, 2001)(Hanley et al.,2009)(Haynes et al.,

1993)(Henri andJourneault, 2008)(Hernandez-Sancho et al.,2000)(Holtz-Eakin andSelden, 1995)

US cement manufacture (1992) IncomePopulation

CO2GDP

Forecasting,statistical test

(Hsu and Hsueh,2009)(Hua et al., 2007) 32 Paper mills along the Huai

River, China (2001)

Labour

Capital

Undesirable

Biochemical oxygen demandSulfur oxideParticulateSuspended solidDesirable Paper produced

Non-radial output-

oriented DEA,BCC model

(Ilha et al., 2009)


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(Koeijer et al.,2002)

467 Sugar beet production offarmers, Flevoland, UnitedStates (1994 1997)

Nitrogen fertilizerHerbicide

Sugar yield DEA, constantreturns to scale(CRS), variables

return to scale(VRS)

(Koop, 1998)(Kopp, 1981)(Korhonen andLuptacik, 2004)

24 Power plants, Europeancountry

Total cost Undesirable DustSulphur dioxide

Nitrogen oxideDesirable Electricity generation

DEA, inputoriented CCRmodel

(Kortelainen,2008)(Kortelainen andKuosmanen, 2007)

88 Sport utility vehicles (SUV)models, Finland

Energy Undesirable Climate change (Carbon dioxide,

Methane, Nitrous oxide,Carbon monoxide)

Acidification (Nitrogen Oxide,Sulfur Dioxide)

Smog formation (Hydrocarbons)Dispersion of particles (Total

Particulate Matter)

Noise (Sound waves)Desirable Mileage

DEA, absoluteshadow price,CCR model

(Kuosmanen,2005)(Kuosmanen et al.,2009)


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(Kuosmanen andKortelainen, 2004)(Kuosmanen and

Kortelainen, 2005)

3 largest towns of eastern

Finland-Kuopio, Joensuu &Mikkeli (2002)

population Undesirable

Climate changeAcidificationSmog formationDispersion of particlesDesirable Road transportation mileageFuel consumption

DEA

(Kuosmanen andKortelainen, 2007)(Kuosmanen andPodinovski, 2009)

(Laplante andRilstone, 1996)(Lee and Hon,2007)(Lee et al., 2002) 8 coal-burning & 9 oil-burning

plants of the Korea ElectricPower Corporation (19901995 )

NameplateCapacityFuel heatLabor

Undesirable SOx

NOxTSPDesirable Electricity generation

Shadow price,directionaldistance function

(Lee and Oh, 2006)

(Liang et al., 2009) 17 Cities in Anhui province,China (2006) Tourist resources Undesirable Pressure from agriculturalplantation

Pressure from industrial emissionPressure from social economyDesirable Resource situationEcology situation

DEA, inputoriented CCRmodel, Principalcomponentanalysis (PCA)


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Economy developmentEcology protectionAnti-pollution projects

(Lozano andGutierrez, 2008)(Lozano et al.,2009)(Lu and Lo, 2007) 31 Regions, China (2001) Capital stock

LabourUndesirable Sulfur dioxideIndustrial sootIndustrial dustDesirable Gross domestic product

Output orientedDEA model, CRSmodel, CCRmodel

(Madlener et al.,2008)

41 Agricultural biogas plants,Austria (2004)

LabourOrganic dry substance

Undesirable Greenhouse gasDesirable Electricity producedHeat produced

DEA, outputoriented CCRmodel, Multi-criteria decisionanalysis (MCDA)

(Mahenc, 2008)(Managi, 2006) 48 states in US agricultural

sector (1970 1997)CapitalLabour

Intermediate inputs

Cropslivestock

DEA, hypothesistesting

(Mani andWheeler, 1998)(McIntyre andThornton, 1974)(Mclntyre andThornton, 1978)(Muga and


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Mihelcic, 2008)(Munksgaard et al.,2005)

(Murty et al., 2006) 294 Sugar industry firms, India(1996 1998) SaleWage billMaterial inputCapital stock

Undesirable Bio Oxygen DemandChemical Oxygen DemandSuspended solidDesirable Sales

Malmquistproductivityindex, Shadow

prices, inputdistance function

(Neto et al., 2009)(Odeck, 2009)(Olabisi et al.,2009)

(Picazo-Tadeo andGarcia-Reche,2007)(Picazo-Tadeo etal., 2005)

35 Spanish ceramic tileproducers (1995)

Clay, kaolin, feldspar & limestonesLabourCapital

Undesirable Watery mudsUsed oilDesirable Ceramic pavements

Directionaltechnologydistance function

(Pittman, 1983)(Ramanathan,2005)

17 Middle East and North Africacountries (1992 1996)

Carbon dioxideFossil fuel energy consumption

Gross domestic productNon-fossil fuel energy

consumption

DEA constantreturns to scale

(CRS)& variablesreturn to scale(VRS), MalmquistProductivity Index(MPI)

(Ramanathan andYunfeng, 2009)

Security fasteners (standard bolt,cylindrical) for a Chinese

CostAdverse environmental impact

Ease of implementation of thebolt

Quality functiondeployment


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company (QFD), DEA

(Ray and Desli,

1997)(Reinhard et al.,2000)(Reinhard et al.,1999)(Riina-Riitta,2000)(RUSSO andFOUTS, 1997)(Sarkis andCordeiro, 2001)

(Sarkis and Talluri,2004) 48 Electric utility plants, UnitedStates (1996) Energy (raw material)Labour Undesirable Sulphur dioxideNitrogen oxideCarbon dioxideDesirable Usable energy

DEA, CCR model,BCC model

(Schaltegger andSynnestvedt, 2002)(Scheel, 2001) 13 Selected European economies

(1997)

Labour Undesirable

Nitrogen oxideDesirable Gross domestic product

DEA, output

oriented BCCmodel

(Seiford and Zhu,2002)

30 Paper mills production,United States (1989)

FiberEnergyCapitalLabour

Undesirable Biochemical oxygen demandTotal suspended solidParticulate

DEA, inputoriented BCCmodel


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Sulfur oxideDesirable Paper produced

(Seiford and Zhu,2005)(Shadbegian andGray, 2005)

68 pulp and paper mills, 55 oilrefineries, 27 steel mills in US(1979 1990)

LabourCapitalmaterials

Plants output Cob Douglasproductionfunction

(Siche et al., 2008)(Stern, 2005) 15 countries (1971 2000) Coal

OilNatural gasHydropower

Nuclear powerBiomass energyLeadZinc

NickelCopperOil refining

AgricultureNonmanufacturing industryManufacturingServices

Kalman filtermodelCorrelationcoefficient

(Sutton, 2004)(Swinton, 1998)(Taskin and Zaim,2001)

(Telle and Larsson,2007) 4 Industries, Norway (1992 2002) :144 Pulp and paper70 Primary aluminum105 Ferro alloy108 Inorganic chemical

LabourCapitalIntermediate input

Undesirable Greenhouse gasAcidDesirable Output

Malmquistproductivityindex, Malmquistindex

(Tyteca, 1996)(Tyteca, 1997) 48 Fossil-fired electric utilities, Installed capacity Undesirable Output oriented


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United States (1991) CoalOilGasLabour

Sulphur dioxideNitrogen oxideCarbon dioxideDesirable Electricity generation

DEA model

(Wang et al., 2004)(Weber andDomazlicky, 2001)(Wolff, 2002)(Wossink andDenaux, 2006)(Zaim, 2004) 41 States manufacturing sector,

United States (1974, 1980, 1985)LabourCapital stock

Undesirable Sulphur oxide

Nitrogen oxideCarbon monoxideDesirable Gross state product

MalmquistQuantity Index,

Input-Outputdistance function

(Zaim and Taskin,2000a)

25 OECD countries (1980, 1985,1990)

LabourCapital stock

Undesirable Carbon dioxideDesirable Gross Domestic Product

Productionfrontier model,CRS model

(Zhang et al.,

2008)

30 Industrial systems provinces,

China (2005)

Water resource

Raw mining resourceEnergy

Undesirable

Chemical Oxygen DemandNitrogenSulphur dioxideSootDustIndustrial solid wasteDesirable Value added of industry

Input orientation

DEA model, CCR,BBC model


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(Zhang, 2009)(Zhang et al.,

2009)(Zhou and Ang,2008)(Zhou et al.,2006)

30 OECD countries (1998 2002)

Total primary energy supplyPopulation

Undesirable Carbon dioxideDesirable Gross domestic product

EnvironmentalDEA technology&Slacks-basedenvironmental

performance

(Zhou et al.,

2008)

8 world regions : OECD, Middle

East, Former USSR, Non-OECDEurope, China, Asia, LatinAmerica, Africa (2002)

Total energy consumption Undesirable

Carbon dioxideDesirable Gross domestic production

DEA,

EnvironmentalDEA technology,CRS, VRS, non-increasing returnsto scale (NIRS)

(Zhou et al.,

2007)

26 OECD countries (1995

1997)

Labour

Primary energy consumption

Undesirable

Carbon dioxideSulphur oxideNitrogen oxideCarbon monoxideDesirable Gross domestic production

Non-radial DEA

model (non-radialDEA basedmodel, non-radialmalmquistenvironmental

performanceindex)


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(Zofo andLovell, 2001)(Zofo and Prieto,2001)

14 manufacturing industries ofOECD countries (1990, 1995)

LabourNet stock

Undesirable Carbon dioxideDesirable Manufactured production

DEA, outputdistance function,hyperbolic outputdistance function

Appendix 1: 38 Publications those studies on Environmental Performance

AGRELL, P. J. & BOGETOFT, P. (2005) Economic and environmental efficiency of district heating plants.Energy Policy, 33, 1351-1362.

AIKEN, D. V. & PASURKA, C. A. (2003) Adjusting the measurement of US manufacturing productivity for air pollution emissionscontrol.Resource and Energy Economics, 25, 329-351.

ALLEN, R. & THANASSOULIS, E. (2004) Improving envelopment in data envelopment analysis. European Journal of OperationalResearch, 154, 363-379.

ANG, B. W. & PANDIYAN, G. (1997) Decomposition of energy-induced CO2 emissions in manufacturing. Energy Economics, 19,363-374.

ANN, G. E., ZAILANI, S. & WAHID, N. A. (2006) A study on the impact of environmental management system (EMS) certificationtowards firms' performance in Malaysia.Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, 17, 73-93.

AROCENA, P. & WADDAMS PRICE, C. (2002) Generating efficiency: economic and environmental regulation of public and privateelectricity generators in Spain.International Journal of Industrial Organization, 20, 41-69.

AVKIRAN, N. K. (2009) Removing the impact of environment with units-invariant efficient frontier analysis: An illustrative case study

with intertemporal panel data. Omega-International Journal of Management Science, 37, 535-544.BALL, V. E., LOVELL, C. A. K., LUU, H. & NEHRING, R. (2004) Incorporating Environmental Impacts in the Measurement of

Agricultural Productivity Growth.Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 29, 436.BANERJEE, S. (2007) Environmental Regulation and Technical Efficiency: A Data Envelopment Analysis for Indian Cement Industry.

Discussion Paper No ERU/2007 01/2007, Discussion Paper Series, Economic Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute,Kolkata.


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BARBERA, A. J. & MCCONNELL, V. D. (1990) The impact of environmental regulations on industry productivity: Direct and indirecteffects.Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 18, 50-65.

BARLA, P. & PERELMAN, S. (2005) Sulphur emissions and productivity growth in industrialised countries.Annals of Public &

Cooperative Economics, 76, 275-300.BECKEN, S. & PATTERSON, M. (2006) Measuring National Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Tourism as a Key Step TowardsAchieving Sustainable Tourism.Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 14, 323-338.

BENEDETTI, L., DIRCKX, G., BIXIO, D., THOEYE, C. & VANROLLEGHEM, P. A. (2008) Environmental and economicperformance assessment of the integrated urban wastewater system.Journal of Environmental Management, 88, 1262-1272.

BEVILACQUA, M. & BRAGLIA, M. (2002) Environmental efficiency analysis for ENI oil refineries. Journal of Cleaner Production,10, 85-92.

BIKKI JAGGI, M. F. (1992) An Examination Of The Impact Of Pollution Performance On Economic And Market Performance: PulpAnd Paper Firms.Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, 19, 697-713.

BOSETTI, V. & BUCHNER, B. (2009) Data Envelopment Analysis of different climate policy scenarios. Ecological Economics, 68,

1340-1354.BOYD, G. A. & MCCLELLAND, J. D. (1999) The Impact of Environmental Constraints on Productivity Improvement in IntegratedPaper Plants.Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 38, 121-142.

BOYD, G. A. & PANG, J. X. (2000) Estimating the linkage between energy efficiency and productivity. Energy Policy, 28, 289-296.BOYD, G. A., TOLLEY, G. & PANG, J. (2002) Plant Level Productivity, Efficiency, and Environmental Performance of the Container

Glass Industry.Environmental and Resource Economics, 23, 29-43.BRANNLUND, R., CHUNG, Y., FARE, R. & GROSSKOPF, S. (1998) Emissions Trading and Profitability: The Swedish Pulp and

Paper Industry.Environmental and Resource Economics 12, 345 - 456.BURNETT, R. D. & HANSEN, D. R. (2008) Ecoefficiency: Defining a role for environmental cost management. Accounting,

Organizations and Society, 33, 551-581.

BURRITT, R. L. & SAKA, C. (2006) Environmental management accounting applications. and eco-efficiency: case studies from Japan.Journal of Cleaner Production, 14, 1262-1275.CAMARERO, M., PICAZO-TADEO, A. J. & TAMARIT, C. (2008) Is the environmental performance of industrialized countries

converging? A 'SURE' approach to testing for convergence.Ecological Economics, 66, 653-661.CASLER, S. & ROSE, A. (1998) Carbon Dioxide Emissions in the U.S. Economy: A Structural Decomposition Analysis.

Environmental and Resource Economics, 11, 349-363.CHANG, Y. F. & LIN, S. J. (1998) Structural decomposition of industrial CO2 emission in Taiwan: an input-output approach. Energy

Policy, 26, 5-12.


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CHARNES, A., COOPER, W. W. & RHODES, E. (1978) Measuring the efficiency of decision-making units.European Journal ofOperational Research, 2, 429-444.

CHEN, Y. (2003) A non-radial Malmquist productivity index with an illustrative application to Chinese major industries. International

Journal of Production Economics, 83, 27-35.CHIEW, H. (2008) Whither the EIA. The Star, 17.CHOI, K.-H. & ANG, B. W. (2001) A time-series analysis of energy-related carbon emissions in Korea. Energy Policy, 29, 1155-1161.CHRISTAINSEN, G. B. & HAVEMAN, R. H. (1981) The contribution of environmental regulations to the slowdown in productivity

growth.Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 8, 381-390.CHUNG, Y. H., FRE, R. & GROSSKOPF, S. (1997) Productivity and Undesirable Outputs: A Directional Distance Function

Approach.Journal of Environmental Management, 51, 229-240.COELLI, T., LAUWERS, L. & VAN HUYLENBROECK, G. (2007) Environmental efficiency measurement and the materials balance

condition.Journal of Productivity Analysis, 28, 3-12.COGGINS, J. S. & SWINTON, J. R. (1996) The Price of Pollution: A Dual Approach to Valuing SO2Allowances.Journal of

Environmental Economics and Management, 30, 58-72.COLE, M. A., ELLIOTT, R. J. R. & SHIMAMOTO, K. (2005) Industrial characteristics, environmental regulations and air pollution: ananalysis of the UK manufacturing sector.Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 50, 121-143.

CONRAD, K. & MORRISON, C. J. (1989) The Impact of Pollution Abatement Investment on Productivity Change: An EmpiricalComparison of the U.S., Germany, and Canada. Southern Economic Journal, 55, 684.

CONSIDINE, T. J. & LARSON, D. F. (2006) The environment as a factor of production.Journal of Environmental Economics andManagement, 52, 645-662.

COOPER, W. W., SEIFORD, L. M., THANASSOULIS, E. & ZANAKIS, S. H. (2004) DEA and its uses in different countries - Preface.European Journal of Operational Research, 154, 337-344.

CUESTA, R. A., LOVELL, C. A. K. & ZOFO, J. L. (2009) Environmental efficiency measurement with translog distance functions: A

parametric approach.Ecological Economics, In Press, Corrected Proof.CULLINANE, K., WANG, T.-F., SONG, D.-W. & JI, P. (2006) The technical efficiency of container ports: Comparing dataenvelopment analysis and stochastic frontier analysis. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 40, 354-374.

DYCKHOFF, H. & ALLEN, K. (2001) Measuring ecological efficiency with data envelopment analysis (DEA). European Journal ofOperational Research, 132, 312-325.

ELSAYED, K. & PATON, D. (2005) The impact of environmental performance on firm performance: static and dynamic panel dataevidence. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 16, 395-412.


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FRE, R. & GROSSKOPF, S. (2003) Nonparametric Productivity Analysis with Undesirable Outputs: Comment.American Journal ofAgricultural Economics, 85, 1070-1074.

FRE, R. & GROSSKOPF, S. (2004) Modeling undesirable factors in efficiency evaluation: CommentEuropean Journal of

Operational Research, 157, 242-245.FRE, R., GROSSKOPF, S. & HERNANDEZ-SANCHO, F. (2004) Environmental performance: an index number approach.Resourceand Energy Economics, 26, 343-352.

FRE, R., GROSSKOPF, S., LOVELL, C. A. K. & PASURKA, C. (1989a) Multilateral Productivity Comparisons When Some Outputsare Undesirable: A Non-Parametric Approach. The Review of Economics and Statistics 71, 90-98.

FARE, R., GROSSKOPF, S., LOVELL, C. A. K. & YAISAWARNG, S. (1993) Derivation of Shadow Prices for Undesirable Outputs: ADistance Function Approach. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 75, 374-380.

FRE, R., GROSSKOPF, S., NOH, D.-W. & WEBER, W. (2005) Characteristics of a polluting technology: theory and practice. Journalof Econometrics, 126, 469-492.

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Countries: Reply.American Economic Review, 87, 1040-1043.FRE, R., GROSSKOPF, S., NORRIS, M. & ZHANG, Z. (1994) Productivity Growth, Technical Progress, and Efficiency Change inIndustrialized Countries. The American Economic Review, 84, 66-83.

FRE, R., GROSSKOPF, S. & PASURKA, C. (1986) Effects on relative efficiency in electric power generation due to environmentalcontrols.Resources and Energy, 8, 167-184.

FRE, R., GROSSKOPF, S. & PASURKA, C. (1989b) The effect of environmental regulations on the efficiency of electric utilities:1969 versus 1975.Applied Economics, 21, 225-235.

FRE, R., GROSSKOPF, S. & PASURKA, C. A. (2001) Accounting for air pollution emissions in measures of state manufacturingproductivity growth.Journal of Regional Science, 41, 381-409.

FRE, R., GROSSKOPF, S. & PASURKA JR, C. A. (2007) Pollution abatement activities and traditional productivity. Ecological

Economics, 62, 673-682.FRE, R., GROSSKOPF, S. & TYTECA, D. (1996) An activity analysis model of the environmental performance of firms--applicationto fossil-fuel-fired electric utilities.Ecological Economics, 18, 161-175.

FRE, R., GROSSKOPF, S. & WEBER, W. L. (2006) Shadow prices and pollution costs in U.S. agriculture.Ecological Economics, 56,89-103.

FRE, R., GROSSKOPF, S. & ZAIM, O. (2003) An index number approach to measuring environmental performance: AnEnvironmental Kuznets Curve for the OECD Countries.Department of Economics Working Paper, Oregon State University


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FRE, R. & KNOX LOVELL, C. A. (1978) Measuring the technical efficiency of production. Journal of Economic Theory, 19, 150-162.

FRE, R. & KNOX LOVELL, C. A. (1981) Measuring the technical efficiency of production: Reply. Journal of Economic Theory, 25,

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FREEDMAN, M. & JAGGI, B. (1982) Pollution disclosures, pollution performance and economic performance. Omega, 10, 167-176.GALDEANO-GMEZ, E., CSPEDES-LORENTE, J. & MARTNEZ-DEL-RO, J. (2008) Environmental performance and spillover

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