ap-sat tutorial 2.2.pdf · page 1 odd - even calculus solutions > @ constant rule: ... f x f x(...
TRANSCRIPT
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Odd - Even Calculus Solutions
Constant Rule: Power Rule Scalar Rule
0 d
cdx
1 ( )
The Sum and Difference Rules
n nd d dyx nx cf x c
dx dx dx
Trigonometric Rule:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) sin( ) cos( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
d df x g x f x g x x x
dx dx
dyf x g x f x g x
dx
cos( ) sin( ) d
x xdx
distance•Rate=
time
in position•Average Velocity= = =
in time
=f (c)=slope of the tangent line at the point c, f(c)
final initial
final initial
s sChange s
Change t t t
dy
x cdx
RECALL:
RATE OF CHANGE:
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Odd - Even Calculus Solutions
1
2( )
1
12(1)1 2
f x x
risef
run
3( )
1(1) 3
1
3
f x x
risef
run
1
2( )
112(1)
1 2
f x x
risef
run
1( )
1(1) 1
1
f x x
risef
run
( ) 2 ( ) 0f x f x
7 7 1 8
7
8
1( ) 7 7
7( )
y x f x x xx
f xx
8 8 1 9
8
9
1( ) 8 8
8( )
y x f x x xx
f xx
1
5 5
1 41
5 5
5 4
( )
1 1 1( )
5 5 5
f x x x
f x x xx
1
4 4
1 31
4 4
34
( )
1 1 1( )
4 4 4
f x x x
f x x xx
( ) 1
( ) (1) 1 0 1
f x x
dy d d dyx
dx dx dx dx
( ) 3 1
(3 ) (1) 3 0 3
f x x
dy d d dyx
dx dx dx dx
#1
a)
b)
#2)
a)
b)
#3#24, Find the derivative of the function:
#3) 8 0y y
#4)
#5) 6 5( ) 6y x f x x
#6) 8 7( ) 8y x f x x
#7)
#8)
#9)
#10)
#11)
#12)
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Odd - Even Calculus Solutions
2
2
2 1
( ) 2 3 6
( 2 ) (3 ) (6)
2 2 3 0 4 3
f t t t
dy d d dt t
dt dt dt dt
dyt t
dt
2
2
2 1
( ) 2 3
( ) (2 ) (3)
2 2 0 2 2
f t t t
dy d d dt t
dt dt dt dt
dyt t
dt
2 3
2 2
( ) 4
( ) 2 4 3 2 12
g x x x
g x x x x x
3
2
8
0 3
y x
y x
3
3 1 2
( ) 2 4
( ) 3 2 0 3 2
s t t t
s t t t
3 2
3 1 2 1 1 1 2
( ) 2 3
( ) 2 3 2 3 6 2 3
f x x x x
f x x x x x x
sin cos2
cos ( sin )2
cos sin2
y
y
y
( ) cos
( ) sin
g t t
g t t
2 1cos
2
12 sin
2
y x x
y x x
5 sin
0 cos cos
y x
y x x
1
1 1 1
2
2
13sin 3sin
3sin 3cos
13cos 3cos
y x x xx
y x x x x
y x x xx
3
3
3 1
4
5 52cos 2cos
(2 ) 8
5 15( 3) 2sin 2sin
8 8
y x x xx
y x x xx
#13)
#14)
#15)
#16)
#17)
#18)
#19)
#20)
#21)
#22)
#23)
#24)
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Odd - Even Calculus Solutions
2
2
2 1
3
3
5Original
2
5Rewrite:
2
5Differentiate: ( 2)
2
5Simplify: 5
yx
y x
y x
y xx
2
2
2 1
3
3
2Original
3
2Rewrite:
3
2Differentiate: ( 2)
3
4 4Simplify:
3 3
yx
y x
y x
y xx
3
3
3 1
4
4
3Original
2
3Rewrite:
8
3Differentiate: ( 3)
8
9 9Simplify:
8 8
yx
y x
y x
y xx
2
2
2 1
3
3
Original 3
Rewrite: 9
Differentiate: ( 2)9
2 2Simplify:
9 9
yx
y x
y x
y xx
11 12 12 2
11
2
3
2
3
Original
Rewrite:
1Differentiate:
2
1 1Simplify:
2 2
xy
x
xy x x
x
y x
y xx
3
3
3 1
2
4Original
Rewrite: 4
Differentiate: 4 3
Simplify: 12
yx
y x
y x
y x
2
2
3
3
3( ) 3
Point: (1,3)
6 ( ) 6
(1) 6
f x xx
f x xx
f
2 2
3 1 3( )
5 5
3 3 3 25 5
5 95 5 9 3
25
f tt t
f
#25)
#26)
#27)
#28)
#29)
#30)
#31#38, Find the slope of the graph of the function
at the given point. Use the derivative feature of a
graphing utility to confirm your results.
#31)
#32)
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Odd - Even Calculus Solutions
3
2 2
1 7( )
2 5
1Point: 0,
2
7 21( ) 0 3
5 5
(0) 0
f x x
f x x x
f
3
2 2
( ) 3 6
Point: 2,18
( ) 3 2 6
(2) 6 4 24
f x x
f x x x
f
2
2
( ) (2 1)
Point: 2,18
( ) 4 4 1
( ) 8 4
(2) 8 2 4 20
f x x
f x x x
f x x
f
2
2 2
( ) 3(5 )
Point: 5,0
( ) 3(25 10 ) 75 30 3
( ) 30 6
(5) 30 30 0
f x x
f x x x x x
f x x
f
( ) 4sin
Point: 0,0
( ) 4cos 1
(0) 4 1 3
f
f
f
( ) 2 3cos
Point , 1
( ) 3sin
( ) 3sin( ) 0
g t t
g t t
g
2 2
3
3
4
3
( ) 5 3
6( ) 2 6 2
2 6( )
f x x x
f x x x xx
xf x
x
2 2
3
4 3
3
( ) 3 3
6( ) 2 3
2 3 6( )
f x x x x
f x xx
x xf x
x
2 2 3
3
4
4
4( ) 4
12( ) 2 12 2
g t t t tt
g t t t tt
2
2
3
1( )
2( ) 1
f x x x xx
f xx
#33)
#34)
#35)
#36)
#37)
#38)
#39#52, Find the derivative of the function
#39)
#40)
#41)
#42)
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Odd - Even Calculus Solutions
3 2 3 2
2 2 2 2
2
2 1 3
3
3 3
3 4 3 4( )
( ) 3 4
( ) 1 4 ( 2) 1 8
8 8( ) 1
x x x xf x
x x x x
f x x x
f x x x
xf x
x x
21
2
2 3 1( ) 2 3
1( ) 2
x xh x x x
x
h xx
2 3
2
( 1)
3 1
y x x x x
y x
2
2 3
2
3 (6 5 )
18 15
36 45
y x x x
y x x
y x x
11
3 32
1 21 111
3 32 2
3 2
3 3 32 2 2
3 32 2
3 62 7
( ) 6 6
1 1 1( ) 6 2
2 3 2
1 2 4( )
2 2 2
4 4( )
2 2
f x x x x x
f x x x x x
x xf x
x x x x x x
x x x xf x
x x x
4 2
5 3
4 2 1 11 1
5 3 5 3
1 1
5 3
( )
4 2 4 2( )
5 3 5 3
4 2( )
5 3
h s s s
h s s s s s
h s
s s
2 1
3 3
1 2
3 3
1 2
3 3
( ) 4
2 1( ) 0
3 3
2 1( )
3 3
f t t t
f t t t
f t
t t
1 1
3 5 3 5
1 11 1
3 5
2 4
3 52 4
3 5
4 2 4 2
5 3 5 3
2 4 4 2 2 4
3 5 5 3 3 5
4 2
5 3
22
15
5 34 2
15 22
( )
1 1( )
3 5
1 1 1 1( )
3 53 5
5 3 5 3( )
15 15 15
5 3( )
15
5 3( )
15
f x x x x x
f x x x
f x x x
x x
x x x xf x
x x x x x
x xf x
x
x xf x
x
#43)
#44)
#45)
#46)
#47)
#48)
#49)
#50)
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Odd - Even Calculus Solutions
( ) 6 5cos
6( ) 5sin
2
f x x x
f x xx
1
3
3
11
3
4
3
2( ) 3cos 2 3cos
2( ) 3sin
3
2( ) 3sin
3
f x x x xx
f x x x
f x x
x
4 2
3
3 2 Point: (1,0)
4 6
4 6 2 ( ) 21
Tangential equation:
0 2( 1)
2 2
y x x
y x x
y m slopex
y x
y x
3
2
Point: (-1,-2)
3 1
3 1 4 ( ) 41
Tangential equation:
( 2) 4( 1)
4 2
y x x
y x
y m slopex
y x
y x
3
4
34
31
47
4
2=2 Point: (1,2)
3 3
22
3 3( )
1 2 2
Tangential equation:
32 ( 1)
2
3 7
2 2
y xx
y x
x
y m slopex
y x
y x
2 3 2
2
( +2 )( 1) 3 2
Point: (1,6)
3 6 2
3 6 2 11 ( ) 111
Tangential equation:
6 11( 1)
11 5
y x x x x x x
y x x
y m slopex
y x
y x
4 2
3
3
2
8 2
4 16
Horizontal tangent line at which has 0
4 16 0
4 ( 4) 0 4 ( 2)( 2) 0
4 0 0 (0) 2
2 0 2 (2) 14
2 0 2 ( 2) 14
( ) has horizontal tangent line at p
y x x
y x x
y
x x
x x x x x
x x f
x x f
x x f
f x
oints:
(0,2) ; (2, -14) ; (-2, -14)
#51)
#52)
#53#56, Find an equation to the tangent line to the
graph of f(x) at the given point
#53)
#54)
#55)
#56)
#57#62, determine the points at which the graph of
the function has a horizontal tangent line
57)
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Odd - Even Calculus Solutions
3
2
2
3 1
tangent line at which has y =0
3 1 0 for all x
( ) has no point whose tangent line is
horizontal
y x x
y x
Horizontal
but x
f x
2
3
3
1
2
Horizontal tangent line at which has 0
2but 0 for all x (- ,0) (0, )
( ) has no point whose tangent line is
horizontal
yx
yx
y
x
f x
2 1
2
tangent line at which has y =0
2 0 0
(0) 1
( ) has horizontal tangent line at: (0,1)
y x
y x
Horizontal
x x
f
f x
sin , 0 2
1 cos
tangent line at which has y =0
1 cos 0 cos 1
0 2 ,
( )
( ) has horizontal tangent line at: ( , )
y x x x
y x
Horizontal
x x
x x
f
f x
3 2cos , 0 2
3 2sin
tangent line at which has y =0
33 2sin 0 sin
2
20 2 , ,
3 3
3 2 2 31 1
3 3 3 3
( ) has horizontal tangent line at points:
,3
y x x x
y x
Horizontal
x x
x x
f f
f x
3 2 2 31 ; , 1
3 3 3
2
2
2
2 2
2
: ( )
: 4 9
( ) 2
The line is tangent
( )We have two facts
2 4
4 9
2 4
(2 4) 4 9
2 4 4 9
9 3
2
10
Function f x x kx
Line y x
f x x k
f x y
x k
x kx x
k x
x x x x
x x x x
x x
k
k
#58)
#59)
#60)
#61)
#62)
#63#66, find k such that the line is tangent to the
graph of the function
#63)
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Odd - Even Calculus Solutions
2
2
: ( )
: 4 7
( ) 2
The line is tangent
( )We have two facts
2 4
4 7
2
4(2) 7 4
3
Function f x k x
Line y x
f x x
f x y
x
k x x
x
k
k
2
22
2
2
: ( )
3: 3
4
( )
The line is tangent
( )
We have two facts 3( )
4
34 33, x 0
4 344
3, x 0 4 3
4
4 33 12
4 3
kFunction f x
x
Line y x
kf x
x
f x y
f x
kkx
xxx
kk x
x
k xx
x
k x
2
2
2
3 12
3
4
6 12 0
6 ( 2) 0
2
0 (eliminated because x 0)
2 3
x x
xk
x x
x x
x
x
As x k
2
: ( )
: 4
( )2
The line is tangent to ( )
( )We have two facts
( ) ( )
4, 0•2 4
1, 022
2 4 4
4 2 4 4
But the line
Function f x k x
Line y x
kf x
x
f x
f x y
f x m slope
k x x xx x
kx
k xx
x x x
As x k
4 is only tangent
to ( ) , 0
4
y x
f x k x k
k
#64)
#65)
#66)
#67)
a) AB
The average rate of change is the secant slope. The slope
which seems to be a vertical line has greatest slope.
b)
The average rate of change of the function between A
and B is greater than the instantaneous rate of change at
B because it has greater slope.
c)
First, draw a secant line CD, then draw a line that is
tangent to the curve CD and parallel to secant CD, then
mark the tangent point.
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Odd - Even Calculus Solutions
( ) 0
rate of change is decreasing
( )
has greatest slope as x 0
f x
f x x
f x
( ) ( ) 6
g(x) has the same shape as f(x),
but g(x) is f(x) shifted up 6 units
( ) ( )
g x f x
g x f x
( ) 5 ( )
g(x) has opposite sign to f(x) at a particular
x=c
Its magnitude of instantaneous slope is 5 times f(x)'s.
( ) 5 ( ) ( ) 5 ( )
g x f x
g x f x g x f x
2
1
2
2
1
2
1 2
1
2
1
2
1
6 5
2
2 6
2 2 6
34 6
2
32 3
2
32 6 3
2
9 3 9(3 / 2) Point: ,
4 2 4
7 3 7(3 / 2) Point: ,
4 2 4
9 3Tangent line to y : 3
4 2
Tangent li
y x
y x x
y x
y x
y y x x
x x
y
y
f
f
y x
2
1
2
7 3ne to y : 3
4 2
93
4
113
4
t
t
y x
y x
y x
#68)
Figure
#69)
#70)
73)Need graph
Figure:
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Odd - Even Calculus Solutions
1 2
2
1 2
11
2 2
2
tangent-1
tangent-2
Intersection point:
1y , x 0
x 1 1
intersects at (1,1), ( 1, 1)
(1,1)
y 1y 11
1
11
2
These two lines are perpendicular
(-1
y xx
x
y y
x
yyx
x
y x
y x
1
2
tangent-1
tangent-2
,-1) SAME STEPS AS ABOVE
y 11
11
2
These two lines are also perpendicular
x
yx
y x
y x
( ) 3 sin 2
( ) 3 cos
Horizontal tangent line indicates f (x)=0
3 cos 0 cos 3
but 1 cos 1
cos -3
f(x) does not have horizontal tangent line
f x x x
f x x
x x
x
There is no x value such that x
5 3
4 2
4 2
4 2
2
2
2 2
( ) 3 5
( ) 5 9 5
( ) 3
( ) 5 9 5 3
5 9 2 0
,
5 9 2 0
4 9 9 4.5.2
2 2.5
9 81 40
10
41 9 0
10
9 410
10
: however, 0
We can't find su
f x x x x
f x x x
f a slopex a
f a a a
a a
Let z a
z z
b b acz
a
z
z
a z z
a
5 3
ch that ( ) 3
( ) 3 5 does not have a tangent line
with a slope of 3.
f a
f x x x x
#74) Show that 1
2
1
y x
yx
have tangent lines that are
perpendicular to each other at their point of
intersection.
#75)
#76)
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Odd - Even Calculus Solutions
0 0
0 0
( ) ( ) ( )( )
4
( )
1( ) , x 0
2
1, x 0
42
4
1 1( )
42 4
1 (4)(4) 2
4 8
Tangent point: (4,2)
1Tangent line: 2 ( 4)
4
11
4t
y y f x f x f xf x
x x x x x
f x x
f xx
x
xx
x
f x
ff
y x
y x
0 0
0 0
2
2
2
( ) ( ) ( )( )
5
2( ) , x 0
2( ) , x 0
2
2, x 0
5
2 2, x 0
(5 )
0 (eliminated due to x 0)
5
2
5 8
2 25
5
8 2
25
y y f x f x f xf x
x x x x x
f xx
f xx
x
x x
x x x
x
x
f
f
5 4
5 2 55
2
5 4Tangent point: ,
2 5
4 8 5Tangent line:
5 25 2
8 8
25 5t
f
y x
y x
#77#78, find an equation of the tangent line to the
graph of the function f(x) through the point (x0,y0) not
on the graph. Given: 0
0
( )y y
f xx x
#77)
78)
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Odd - Even Calculus Solutions
( ) ( ), ( ) ( )
because
( ) ( )
If f x g x then f x g x
FALSE
f x g x D
( ) ( ) , ( ) ( )If f x g x C then f x g x
TRUE
2If y= , 2
FALSE
0 ( is a constant)
dythen
dx
dy
dx
1 , then
x dyIf y
dx
TRUE
( ) 3 ( ), ( ) 3 ( )If g x f x then g x f x
TRUE
-1
1
1 1 ( ) , ( )
( )
n n
n
f f x then f xx nx
FALSE
nf x
x
sec
sec
( ) 2 7 [1,2]
•
f(1)=9
f(2)=11
(2) (1) 11 92
2 1 1
21
22
Linear function has the average
rate of change equals to the function's
slope.
ant
ant
f t t
Average rate of change m
f fm
dy
tdt
dy
tdt
2
sec
sec
( ) 3 [2, 2.1]
( ) 2
•
f(2)=1
f(2.1)=1.41
(2.1) (2) 1.41 1 414.1
2 1 2.1 2 10
42
4.22.1
In a small interval of t, the average rate
change is c
ant
ant
f t t
f t t
Average rate of change m
f fm
dy
tdt
dy
tdt
lose to instantaneous rate of
change.
#83)
#84)
#85)
#86)
#87)
#88)
#89#92, find the average rate of change of the
function over the given interval. Compare this average
rate of change with the instantaneous rates of change
at the endpoints of the interval.
#89)
#90)
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Odd - Even Calculus Solutions
2
secant
sec
1( ) , [1, 2]
1( ) , [1, 2]
•
f(1)= 1
1f(2)=
2
11
(2) (1) 12
2 1 1 2
11
1
2 4
1 11
4 2
In an increasing close interval,
the average rate
ant
f xx
f xx
Average rate of change m
f fm
dy
xdx
dy
xdx
of change is
between two instantaneous rates of
change.
0 0
2
1362 ft, 0
( ) 16 1362 ft
( ) 32 m/s
s v
s t t
dsv t t
dt
(1) 16 1362 1346
(2) 64 1362 1298
(2) (1) 1298 134648 ft/s
2 1 1
s
s
s sv
( ) 32 ft/s
(1) 32 ft/s
(2) 64 ft/s
dsv t t
dt
v
v
2
When the object reaches the ground, s(t)=0
16 1362 0
9.23 s
since 0, we choose t 9.23 s
t
t
t
( ) 32 ft/s
v(9.23)= 295.36 ft/s
v t t
sec
( ) sin 0,6
( ) cos( )
(0) 0
1sin
6 6 2
sec
1(0)36 2
06 6
(0) 1
3
6 2
3 31 (0) ( )
2 6
f x x
f x x
f
f
Average rate ant slope
f f
m
f
f
f Average rate f
#91)
#92)
#93#94, Vertical Motion, use the position function 2
0 0( ) 16s t t v t s for free-falling object.
#93)
a)
b) Determine the average velocity on the interval [1,2]
c) Find the instantaneous velocities when t=1 and t=2
d) Find the time required for the coin to reach
ground level
e) Find the velocity of the coin at impact
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Odd - Even Calculus Solutions
2
0 0
0 0
2
2
2
( ) 16
220 feet, 22 ft/s
( ) 16 22 220
( ) 32 22
Velocity after 3 seconds thrown
(3) 118 ft/s
Velocity after falling 108 feet
220 108 112 ft
112 16 22 220
f
s t t v t s
s v
s t t t
dsv t t
dt
v
s
t t
b bt
4
2
2 s
v(2)= 32 22 86 ft/s
ac
a
t
t
2
0 0
0
0
2
( ) 4.9
120 m/s
0
( ) 4.9 120 m
( ) 9.8 120 m/s
(5) 71 m/s
v(10)=22 m/s
s t t v t s
v
s
s t t t
dsv t t
dt
v
2
0 0
0
2
0
2
0
0
( ) 4.9
0
(6.8) 4.9
0 4.9(6.8)
227 m
s t t v t s
v
s t s
s
s
#94)
#95)
#96)
#97)
#98)
#99 and #100)
#102) Convert
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Odd - Even Calculus Solutions
3 3
2 2
2
cm
3 cm
(4) 48 cm
V s
dVs
ds
V
2 2 m
2 m
(4) 8 m
A s
dAs
ds
V
2
0 0
0 0
0 0
2 2
0 0
0
0
0 0
0
( ) , [t , t ]2
(t ) (t )
t (t )
t t
2 2
2
( )
( )
Average velocity is equivalent to
instantaneous velocity at
ats t C t t
s t s tsv
t t t
a t a t
v att
v at
s t at
s t at
t t
2
2
1,008,000( ) 6.3 , [350,351]
The change in anual cost:
(351) (350) 5083.09 50851.91
351 350 1
The instantaneous rate of change:
1,008,000C (Q)= 6.3
1,008,000(350) 6.3 1.93
350
(350)
C Q QQ
C Cm
Q
C
C m
X miles 1gallon 1 year
1 galon $1.55 15,000 miles
2
1
1.55 150001.55 15000 $$
1.55 15000 23250 $( ) = , 0
23250, 0
x year year
x
C x xx x year
dCx
dx x
X 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
C 2325 1550 1162 930 775 664 581
C’(x) -233 -103 -58 -37 -26 -19 -15
The driver who gets 35 miles/g will benefit more
because he spends less than $664/ year, and his rate of
change is greater.
#103)
#104)
#105)
#106)
#107) ( )N f p
a) (1.479)f is the instantaneous rate of change of the
number of gallons of unleaded gasoline sold at the price
$1.479.
b) (1.479)f <0 because as the price increases, the
number of gallons decreases.
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Odd - Even Calculus Solutions
( )a
dTk T T
dt
2( ) , point (0,1)
Tangent line: y x 1, point (1,0)
(0) 1
1
( ) 2 (1) 2
(1) (tangent slope)
2 1
( ) and the tangent line share (1,0)
(1,0)
(1) 0
1
f x ax bx c
f c
c
f x ax b f a b
f m
a b
f x
f a b c
a b
2
2 1 2
1 3
1 1
( ) 2 3 1
a b a
a b b
c c
f x x x
2 2
2 2
1( ) , point ( , )
1( )
1 1( ) ( )
According to the graph:
1 2
2 2
f x a bx
f a ba
f x f ax a
h hm h
a a
2
2
Tangent line: ( 2)2
2
2 22
2
2
1 2As
(2 )
2
2 2
2 (2 )
(2 )
11 1
12
2
12
2
hy x
hy x h
hab h b h ha
bh
a
b ha a a
ha
a a ah
a a
a
ba a
h
A bh
#108)
#109)
#110)
#110 continues
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Odd - Even Calculus Solutions
3
2
2
3 2
3 3 2
( ) 9
3 9
(1, 9) Tangent line:
9 (3 9)( 1)
( )
3 3 9
9 3 3 9
0 (0) 0
3 3 81
2 2 8
3 81There are two tangent points: (0,0); ,
2 8
(0,0), (
f x x x
y x
At
y x x
f x y
y x x x
x x x x x
x f
x f
f
tan
2
tangent
tangent
0) 9
9
3 81 3 3 3 9, , 3 9
2 8 2 2 2 4
81 9 3 9 27
8 4 2 4 4
9
9 27
4 4
genty x
f
y x y x
y x
y x
2
2 2
2 2
tangent
) ( )
( ) 2
Tangent line: y-a=2x 2
( ) and y share the tangent point
( ) 2
( )
have two tangent points
( , ), ( , )
( , )
( ) 2
2 ( )
2
a f x x
f x x
y x a
f x
f x y x x a
x a f a a
We
a a a a
a a
f a a
y a a x a
y ax a
tangent
tangent
tangent
( , )
( ) 2
2 ( )
2
20,
2
a a
f a a
y a a x a
y ax a
y a x aa
y a x a
2
2
2 2
2
2
2
)
(a,0)
( )
( ) 2
Tangent line: 2 ( ) 2 2
( ) and y share the tangent point
( ) 2 2
2 (2 ) 4
0 (0) 0
have two tangent points
(0,0), (2 , 4 )
(0,0)
(0) 0
0
(2 , 4 )
b
f x x
f x x
y x x a y x xa
f x
f x y x x xa
x a f a a
x f
We
a a
f
y
a a
2
2
tangent
tangent
2
tangent
(2 ) 4
4 4 ( 2 )
4 4
0,
4 4
f a a
y a a x a
y ax a
ya
y ax a
#111)
#112)
#112 continues:
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Odd - Even Calculus Solutions
3
2
3
2
2 2
3
2 2
32
2 2
, 2( )
, 2
(2) (2) 8
( ) (2) 8lim lim
2 2
( ) (2) 8lim lim
2 2
( 8)lim lim ( 2 4) 12
2
According to the defi
x x
x x
x x
ax xf x
x b x
f a a
f x f x b a
x x
f x f ax a
x x
a xa x x a
x
0
2
2
nition:
( ) ( )lim ( ), 2
( ) 2 (2) 4
1'(2) 12 12 4
3
( ) is differentiable everywhere as:
8lim exists
2
8 4
48 4
3
1
3( ) is differentiable (- , ) with
h
x
f x h f xf x x
h
f x x f
f a a a
f x
x b a
x
b a
b a
a
f x
b
4
3
cos , 0 ( )
, x 0
( ) is differentiable ( . ) as
(0 ) (0 )
0, ( ) sin
(0) 0
x 0, ( )
(0)
0
x xf x
ax b
f x
f f
x f x x
f
f x a
f a
a
0 0
0
(0) (0)
( ) (0) cos( )lim lim 0
0
cos( ) 11 so that lim 0
0
1
x x
x
f a b b
f x f x b
x x
xb
x
a
b
1
2
( ) sin( )
( ) sin
sin , 0
sin , 2( )
sin , 0
sin( ) , 0
(0 ) cos(0) 1
'(0 ) cos(0) 1
(0)
( ) cos( ) 1
( ) cos( ) 1
( )
(2 )
f x xf x
f x x
x x
x xf x
x x
x x
f
f
f DNE
f
f
f DNE
f
cos(2 ) 1
(2 ) cos(2 ) 1
(2 )
( ) is differentiable n , (n+1) at which
n is an integer.
: 0, ( ) (0, )
f
f DNE
f x
Ex n f x is differentiable
#113)
#114)
#114 continues:
#115)