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D.N.AObjective: SWBAT explain the origin and diversity of vascular plants

Do you believe your Unit 1 Evolution Exam score reflects upon how you prepared for it? Explain your answer

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CONGRATULATIONS!

Unit 1 Evo Exam Average Score:

Summa Cum Laude:

Magna Cum Laude:

68%68%

Raymond!Raymond!

Jonathon and Roslynn!

Jonathon and Roslynn!

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HOMEWORK TEST CORRECTIONS

1. Write out the question that you got incorrect

2. The correct answer 3. Explain WHY is it the correct answer

DUE ON MONDAY SEPT. 26th

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First Eukaryotes Development of internal membranes

create internal micro-environments advantage: specialization = increase efficiency

natural selection!

infolding of theplasma membrane

DNA

cell wall

plasmamembrane

Prokaryoticcell

Prokaryotic ancestor of eukaryotic

cells

Eukaryoticcell

endoplasmicreticulum (ER)

nuclear envelope

nucleus

plasma membrane

~2 bya

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1st Endosymbiosis

Ancestral eukaryotic cell

Eukaryotic cellwith mitochondrion

internal membrane system

aerobic bacterium mitochondrion

Endosymbiosis

Evolution of eukaryotes origin of mitochondria engulfed aerobic bacteria, but

did not digest them mutually beneficial relationship

natural selection!

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mitochondrion

chloroplast

Eukaryotic cell withchloroplast & mitochondrion

Endosymbiosis

photosyntheticbacterium

2nd Endosymbiosis Evolution of eukaryotes

origin of chloroplasts engulfed photosynthetic bacteria,

but did not digest them mutually beneficial relationship

natural selection!

Eukaryoticcell with

mitochondrion

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Kingdoms

Single-celled ancestor

prokaryotes eukaryotes

Eubacteria Archaebacteria

Protista

multicellularuni- to

multicellular

autotrophs heterotrophs

Plantae

Fungi Animalia

absorptivenutrition

ingestivenutrition

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DomainEubacteria

DomainArchaea

DomainEukarya

Common ancestor

Kingdom: Plants

Domain Eukarya

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Evolution of Land Plants 500 mya land plants evolved

special adaptations for life on dry land protection from drying = desiccation

waxy cuticle

gas exchange (through cuticle)Stomates (mouth)

water & nutrient conducting systemsfrom roots/soil to leavesxylem & phloem

protection for embryoseeds

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Plant Diversity

Bryophytesnon-vascularland plants

Pteridophytesseedless

vascular plants

Gymnospermpollen &

“naked” seeds

Angiospermflowers & fruit

pollen & seeds

vascular system = water conduction

mosses ferns

conifersflowering plants

colonization of land

Tracheophytes

Ancestral Protist

flowers

monocot1 seed leaf

dicot2 seed leaves

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diploidhaploid

Bryophytes: 1st land plants

Where mustmosses live?

Bryophytes: mosses & liverworts vascular system?

No! non-vascular no water transport system no true roots

reproduction? swimming sperm

flagellated Spores – a cell that can develop

into a new organism w/out fusing with another cell

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Bryophytes: mosses & liverworts

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Peat Bog“Peat Moss”

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Pteridophytes: 1st vascular plants diploid

haploid

Pteridophytes: ferns vascular system?

Yes! vascular water transport system xylem, phloem, roots, leaves

reproduction? swimming sperm

flagellated spores

Where mustferns live?

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Pteridophytes: FernsSelaginella Psilotum

Horsetails Ferns

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Early Pteridophytes: Tree Ferns

Carboniferous forest – 290-350 myaForests of seedless plants decayed into deposits of coal & oil

Fossil fuels…I get it!

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Gymnosperm: conifers vascular system?

Yes! vascular xylem, phloem, roots, leaves

reproduction? Seeds

Consist of an embryo packaged with a food supply and protective covering

naked seeds (no fruit) pollen

Transfers sperm to egg

First seed plants: Gymnosperm

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Gymnosperm: conifers

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Cones & naked seeds

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First flowering plants Angiosperm: flowering plants

vascular system? Yes! Vascular

reproduction? flower

◆ sexual selection: attract pollinators seeds inside fruit

◆ sexual selection: attract seed spreaders pollen

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Angiosperm: flowering plants

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Seed & Plant embryo Seed offers…

protection for embryo

stored nutrients for growth of embryo

seed coat

endosperm(3n)

cotyledons

embryo (2n)

cotyledons = “seed” leaves,first leaves of new plantcotyledons = “seed” leaves,first leaves of new plant

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Monocots & dicots Angiosperm are divide into 2 classes

dicots (eudicot) 2 (seed leaves) leaves with network of veins woody plants, trees, shrubs, beans

monocots 1 seed leaf leaves with parallel veins grasses, palms, lilies