Günther Rosner FAIR UK community @ DL, 25/01/06 1

antiProton Annihilation at DArmstadt Physics programme

Quark confinement: Charmonium spectroscopyExcited gluons: Exotic hybrid mesons & glueballsNucleon spin puzzle: transverse quark spin distribution functions in the nucleonGeneralised parton distributions (in the nucleon)Time-like nucleon formfactorsModifications of hadrons in the nuclear mediumDouble Hypernuclei

Antiproton facility : HESR & PANDATimelines

PANDA

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Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research

Broad range of high-intensity secondary beams

Radioactive nucleiAntiprotons

Cooler and storage ringsParallel operation

PANDA

HESR

Collector ring

SIS 18

SIS 300SIS 100

Günther Rosner FAIR UK community @ DL, 25/01/06 3

PANDA physics programmeCharmonium spectroscopy

Exotics: charmed hybrids & heavy glueballs Time-like

form factors

Medium modifications

of charmed mesons

Hard exclusiveprocesses

CP-violation(D & Λ - sector)

Hypernuclei

Drell-Yanprocesses

Günther Rosner FAIR UK community @ DL, 25/01/06 4

Strong interaction physics: QCD vs QED

QED:

QCD:

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Running strong coupling constant Sα

Particle Physics Nuclear Physics

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G. Bali et al.,hep-lat/0003012

Lattice QCD Confinement

aV(r) br

r= − +

q q

Distance between Quarks [fm]

Günther Rosner FAIR UK community @ DL, 25/01/06 7

Charmonium spectroscopy –a high-precision testing ground for confinement

Direct formation of charmonium in pbarpExperimental tasks

find ηc‘ (21S0) stateconfirm hc(11P1) statemeasure transition ratesidentify states above DbarDthreshold

Refine confinement potential(spin dependence?)Challenge for lattice QCD

Günther Rosner FAIR UK community @ DL, 25/01/06 8

Σ

Π

Charmed Hybrids - theory

Lattice-QCD:Σ-potential from one-gluon exchangeΠ-potential from excited gluon flux

Charmed hybrids expected atmHcc ~ 4.2 - 4.5 GeV/c2

Light charmed hybridscould be narrow, if open charm decays are inaccessible or suppressed

Σ

Π

<r2> and rBreakup

3

3.5

4

1 2

R/r0

V(R)/GeV

J/ψ

χc

ψ‘

Hcc

DD

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Charmed hybrids - experiment

JPC = 0-+ 0+- 1+- 1-+ 2-+ 2+-

exotic(Exotic mesons are not generated when S=0)

Flux tube model: 1st excited state of flux tube has J=1

Combine with S=1 for quarks to get:

LS

S

1

2S = S + S1 2

J = L + S

C = (-1)L + S

P = (-1)L + 1

Quantum number rules for quark-antiquark pair:-

JPC = 0– + 0++ 1– – 1+ – 2++ …

JPC = 0– – 0+ – 1– + 2+ – …

Allowed combinations

Not-allowed: exotic

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Charmed Hadrons @ PANDA

0 2 4 6 8 12 1510Antiproton momentum [GeV/c]

Mass [GeV/c2]

Two bodythresholds

Quark molecules

Gluonicexcitations

qq Mesons

1 2 3 4 5 6

Hybrids

Hybrids+Recoil

Glueball

Glueball+Recoil

ΛΛΣΣΞΞ

ΛcΛcΣcΣcΞcΞc

ΩcΩcΩΩ DDDsDs

qqqq ccqq

nng,ssg ccg

ggg,gg

light qqπ,ρ,ω,f2,K,K*

ccJ/ψ, ηc, χcJ

nng,ssg ccg

ggg

conventionalcharmonium

exoticcharmonium

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Search for heavy glueballs @ PANDALight glueballs:

candidate f0(1500), 0++; Γ=110MeVno flavour blind decaymix with neighbouring scalar mesons

Heavy glueballsflavour blind decay

charmed final states!only a few charmed mesons around 3-4 MeV/c2 (less mixing!)

Exotic heavy glueballs (no mixing)m(2+-) = 4140(50)(200) MeVm(0+-) = 4740(70)(230) MeV

Morningstar & Peardon, PRD60(1999)34509Morningstar & Peardon, PRD56(1997)4043

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What is needed experimentally?Gluon-rich environment

Proton-antiproton annihilation

Precision resonance scanCooled antiproton beamHigh luminosity

All quantum numbers measured

Large acceptance detector

High statistics samplesSeveral years of beamtime

Crystal Barrelf0(1500)

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Nucleon structure: The spin puzzle

COMPASSRHIC

HERMES, COMPASSFNAL, PANDA, PAX

HERMESCOMPASS

PANDAJLab-upgrade

Gluon polarisationpositive (HERMES)negative (SMC)

Gluon orbitalangular momentum(in principle accessible through GPDs)

Quark orbitalangular momentum(accessible throughGPDs)

Transversity

Quark spinΔΣ ≅ 0.25

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Parton distributionsLeading twist

T-odd

directlyaccessible inDrell-Yan

Chirallyodd

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Drell-Yan processesCross section depends on elementary process

Measured as a function of polar angle Θ and azimuthal angle ΦDirect access to quark distribution functions(no fragmentation function involved)Complementary to Deep Inelastic Scattering (DIS)

*γ→qq

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Drell-Yan processes and parton distributions

Unpolarised DY Boer-Mulders DF h1

(PANDA @ HESR)

Single or double polarisation DY transversity h1(PAX @ HESR)

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Hard exclusive processes:Generalised Parton Distributions (GPD)

(*)p p γγ→Crossed channel (time-like) Compton Scattering

Hard scale:large s ~ 10 GeV2 and t~ s, or large pT

Soft part can be separated and parameterised by Generalised Parton Distribution amplitudesExperimental problem:large hadronic background (reject e.g. π0π0 kinematically)

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Time-like proton form factors

Goals:To measure time-like FF from threshold up to high s = q2 in one experiment(reduced systematic error)To compare with space-like FFs (pQCD at large s?)

PANDA:Wide kinematical rangeLarge solid angle coverageLarge statistics

High-quality measurement of both GE and GM

Crossed channel :p p e e+ −→

Günther Rosner FAIR UK community @ DL, 25/01/06 19

Hadron mass shifts in the nuclear medium

A. Hayashigaki, PLB 487 (2000) 96

D−

50 MeV

D

D+

π

K

25 MeV

100 MeV

K+

K−

π−

π+HADES & CBMPseudoscalar &vector mesons ρ, ω, Φ

PANDAExtension to charm sector

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Stra

nges

s

Neutron Number

Hypernuclei:Extension of the Nuclear Chart

… understanding the YN interaction

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Hypernuclei

Neutrons

16Λ O 18

Λ O14Λ N 15

Λ N12Λ C 13

Λ C 14Λ C

9ΛB 10

Λ B 11Λ B 12

Λ B7ΛBe 8

ΛBe 9ΛBe10

Λ Be6ΛLi 7

ΛLi 8ΛLi 9

ΛLi4ΛHe 5

ΛHe6ΛHe 7

ΛHe 8ΛHe

4ΛH3

ΛH

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

4

8

7

6

3

5

2

1

10

9

Prot

ons

New: high resolution γ-Spectroscopy with Ge-Detectors

3rd dimensionof nuclear chart(strangeness)

Günther Rosner FAIR UK community @ DL, 25/01/06 22

Production of double Hypernuclei

Ξ-Secondary Target

Ξ-(dss)p(uud) Λ(uds)Λ(uds)

3 GeV/c

TriggerK+K

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High Energy Storage Ring (HESR)

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Interaction point

SolenoidDipole

EM and hadroncalorimeters

Targetgenerator

RICHDrift or wirechambers

TOF stop

Muon counters

Tracking of charged particlesIdentification of γ, e±, μ±, π±,

K±, p, anti-pHigh rate capabilityFast trigger scheme

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beam

MVDStraws or TPC

mini driftchambers

coil

pellets orclusters

TOF stop

disk DIRC

barrelDIRC

electro magnetic calorimeterEMC

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Timelines

FAIR contract signed by participating countries by 2006PANDA technical design report 2007/8PANDA commissioning 2012/13 in Phase II of FAIR constructionData taking 2013…