another coalition airpower dynamic: training for next generation aircraft

24 April 2015

European Aircrew Training Center

Air Commodore A.F. Kraak

Program Manager

F-35 Introduction

“ a small country perspective”

Royal Netherlands Air Force2

24 April 2015F-35 Introduction

Contents

• Royal Netherlands Air Force 3.0

• Introduction F-35

• F-35 Operations

• Challenges

• Fighter Lead in Training

• Conclusion

• Q&A



Royal Netherlands Air Force 3.0• Air Force Mission

• Global Air Power

• Extensive Cooperation

• Continued Innovation

• Combining Human power and Technique

• Commanders Intent Air Force 3.0 Vision

• Relevant

• Affordable

• Innovative: Technical & Social innovation

• Personnel 3.0

• Personnel is focal point � “ one team, one task”

• Use of full potential � personal development

• Innovative

• Room for own initiatives

• Responsible and loyal

• Stimulating

4

Operational Impact — Operations and Tactics for 4 th Generation Fighters (U)

• 4th Gen Fighters• Succeed but With:

− High Attrition− Significant Support Assets

Required• Standoff Jammers• SEAD• Decoys• Counter Air• Etc.

Jammer

Strike Force

Counter-Air

Counter-Air

SEAD

DecoyAttack

Direct Attack Weapon Range

Standoff Weapon (SOW) Range

Short Range SAM/AAA

Airborne Interceptor

SAM Range

High Value Target (s)

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

5

Operational Impact – Operations and Tactics for 5 TH Generation Fighters (U)

Synergy of Stealth, SA and Fighter Capability

• F-35 Fighter• Threats Avoided or Defeated• Reduced Force Requirements• Low Support Requirement• Low Attrition

Short Range SAM/AAA

Standoff Weapon (SOW) Range

Direct Attack Weapon RangeAir-to-Air

Engagement

Airborne Interceptor

SAM Range

High Value Target (s)

Direct Attack


6

F-35 Multispectral Fused Sensors

Synthetic Aperture

Radar(SAR)

Synthetic Aperture

Radar(SAR)

Ground Moving Target IndicationGround Moving Target Indication

DistributedAperture System(DAS)

DistributedAperture System(DAS)

Electro-OpticalTargeting System

(EOTS)

Electro-OpticalTargeting System

(EOTS)

EW

Electronic SupportMeasures (ESM)

Electronic SupportMeasures (ESM)


7

SAR Maps

Legacy Resolution JSF APG-81 Resolution




Introduction F-35

• 37 F-35’s• 8-5 @ Pilot training Center Luke AFB � F-16 pilot conversion

• 32 in country (3 sqn’s)

• 8 build in VS and 29 in Italy

• MX training• Initially in the States

• Future � International MX training Center?

6861 61 61 61 61 61

5545

3424

2 2 2 2 2 2

10

18

26

3437 37

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024

invoerreeks F-35uitvoerreeks F-16

Fasering F-16



TRANSITION PLAN OPERATIONAL CAPACITY

Operatios:Leeuwarden FAA 2019

1 SQN F35

Fighter Center of Excellence

Volkel FAA 2021

2 SQN’s F35

Luke AFB

Pilot Training Center

Woensdrecht

F35 Depot Maintenance

OPERATIES

Edwards AFB

OT&E

(Start dec 2014)

* Eglin AFB currentlocation

*



WAREHOUSING - WORLD WIDE SYSTEM

GSP Solution: 2 NAM (1 West, 1 East), 2 Europe (1 North, 1 South), 1 Asia

Possible role for Air Base Woensdrecht as Regional Warehouse?

LOGISTIC



F-35 Operations

• Policy• Deployment always as part of coalition of the willing

• In cooperation with one of the big partners

• European mindset• Continue European cooperation between small countries

• EPAF example

• Integrating 4th and 5th gen fighter capabilities

• Small footprint



Challenges

• Affordability for small Air Forces• F-35 Flight hour costs

• Sustainment costs

• Low numbers

• During transition 2 Fighters in operation

• Maintain Operational Knowledge• High end training for pilots

• Weapon instructors

• Solutions:

• Alternative training systems

• Fighter Center of Excellence

24 April 2015

European Aircrew Training Center

Air Commodore A.F. Kraak

Program Manager

RNLAF Military Flight Training 2019/2020

•RNLAF requirements & possibilities for 5th gen a/c



Contents:Current flight trainingWhat has changed?New Requirements?

RNLAF requirementsPossibilities flight trainingWay ahead RNLAF



30+ years ENJJPT



Meets expectations! Delivers excellent pilots

Train for 4th Gen fighters

Large part of Europe trains at Sheppard

RNLAF FLIT: T-38 and F-16 at Tucson



Why is ENJJPT a succes?

Most NATO countries

Std Training helps during real world ops

Delivers pilots within steady timeframe

Flow to 4th gen fighters is smooth because of FLIT



Fifth gen Fighters……



Cost of Flying hours rise Things change….

Real world ops increased

Training gap!

< Aircraft available



5th Gen hours are costly No of hours per pilot?

What missions in 5th gen a/c?



New requirement:

Cheaper FLIT trng for 5th gen

Download hours and missions from F-35

Flexible trng syllabus required to adapt to countries needs

In place by 2019/2020 when F-35 arrives



Training possibilitiesUS: ENJJPT with T-6 and T-XXT-XX in service 2023, unknown costs

France: unknown

Turkey: T-38M, F-16Not for 5th gen a/c



Training Possibilities UK: T-2 HawkNoforn participation?

CND: unknown so far; bridging the gap; noforn participation as for now



Training Possibilities

IT: M-345; T-346A

In place now and in 2017



Training PossibilitiesCivilian initiatives

Full service contracts

Civilian operated F-16’s,Skyhawk, others

FLIT aircraft are required!



These are just some examples

Bottom line:

Training is dispersed, which can be more efficient and effective when we work together in some kind of EACTC



Way ahead RNLAF? Low, Med, Hi readiness sqn

Less and more F-35 hrs

More and less CA aircraft hrs;

Equal sim hrs (120?)

Full service delivered aircraft



Way ahead RNLAF?

Start EACTC

Start like EATC, small, few countries

When successful: growth

No large EU, NATO, EAG initiatives: flex! Decisions



Start with smaller partner in Europe: flex in trng, req, syllabus,

Existing school to start with: infra

Modern a/c in place to download hours!

Std syllabi to “sell” training slots in Europe



RNLAF pilot in Lecce (IT)



Pilot Lecce

2 students; 1 IP

“is the T-346 a suitable FLIT for the F-35”

“Can Lecce fulfill the RNLAF req for pilot trng” Modern a/c, Infra, WX,

facilities, syllabus, flex, costs, airspace, closer to home…



Conclusion There is a window of opportunity in transfer to 5th gen aircraft

To reduce cost

To maximize Eff trng

To have more combat a/c available for Ops



Conclusion

We all face the same problems

We need innovative and financially sound solutions

Especially the small air forces in Europe

Money needs to go to real world ops

Training for that needs to be efficient and effective

EACTC!



Questions?



Conclusion

Small Air Forces aren’t capable of doing it all alone by them self

Cooperation

another coalition airpower dynamic: training for next generation aircraft

Government & Nonprofit

fasering f

uitvoerreeks f

introductionintroduction

invoerreeks f

fighter capability f

royal netherlands air

royal netherlands air

kraakprogram manager