annual thematic research summary - transport management ... · pdf filegma2/2001/52046-s07 ......

DG Energy and Transport

Deliverable D2.E-4.8

Issue 1.0

Third Annual Thematic Research Summary - Transport Management

Prepared Christina Paschalidou EXTR@Web Project

Date 02/08/2006

Approved W. Helmreich Date 07/08/2006

Released G. Jauernig Contract No. GMA2/2001/52046-S07.13187

Date 08/08/2006

mailto:EXTR@Web

Contract No. GMA2/2001/52046-S07.13187 EXTR@Web

Document Change Record Issue Version Comments

Affected Pages Date Change

Release

0 1 First draft; update to Chapters 3 and 4, and update to Annex I

14/07/2006 C.Paschalidou

0 2 Peer review by GIE 01/08/2006 C. Ivan

0 3 Final draft 02/08/2006 C. Paschalidou

1 0 Final edited version 07/08/2006 W. Helmreich

Main Contributors Christina Paschalidou (Systema) – author Cristina Ivan (GIE) – peer review Further information on EXTR@Web’s editorial team for Thematic Research Summaries can be obtained from Annex III.

Distribution Public, via Transport Research Knowledge Centre website.

Deliverable D2.E-4.8 Third Annual Thematic Research Summary – Transport Management

Issue 1.0 Page: i of iii


Abbreviations and Acronyms Used 3PLP Third Party Logistics Provider AG High level Advisory Group (to the EXTR@Web project) BPR Business Process Reengineering BG Benchmark Group (associated with the EXTR@Web project) CEEC Central and Eastern European Country DG TREN EC Directorate-General for Energy and Transport EC European Commission EFTA European Free Trade Association (Norway, Iceland, Switzerland, Liech-

tenstein) ERA European Research Area (EU, EFTA and CEECs) EXTR@Web Exploitation of Transport Research Results via the Web (DG TREN FP 5

Accompanying Measure project) EU European Union FP 4 (5, etc) EC Fourth (Fifth, etc) Framework Programme ICT Information and Communication Technology IM Infrastructure Manager IMT Inter-Modal Transport IT Information Technology LCC Life Cycle Cost NAS New Asia Strategy PAG Programme Analysis Group (part of EXTR@Web project) RTD Research and Technological Development SCM Supply Chain Management SME Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises TRKC Transport Research Knowledge Centre; TRKC website at

ec.europa.eu/transport/extra VMS Variable Message Signs


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mailto:EXTR@Web

http://ec.europa.eu/transport/extra


Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 HOW TO USE THIS PAPER........................................................................................................... 2 1.2 THE LINK TO THE TRANSPORT RESEARCH KNOWLEDGE CENTRE WEBSITE ...................................... 2

2. SCOPE OF THEME................................................................................................................ 3 2.1 DEFINITION OF THEME ............................................................................................................... 3 2.2 TOPICS INCLUDED IN THEME....................................................................................................... 3 2.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THEME ........................................................................................................... 4

3. POLICY CONTEXT ................................................................................................................ 5 4. SYNTHESIS OF FINDINGS FROM COMPLETED PROJECTS ......................................................... 6

4.1 TRAFFIC INFORMATION .............................................................................................................. 7 4.2 URBAN TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT ................................................................................................... 8 4.3 FREIGHT TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT................................................................................................10 4.4 CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT OF LOGISTICS CHAINS.....................................................................11 4.5 ROAD, RAILWAY AND AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT ........................................................................13 4.6 RESEARCH GAPS.....................................................................................................................15

5. REFERENCES....................................................................................................................17 ANNEX I: CONTRIBUTING PROJECTS .................................................................................... 19 ANNEX II: GENERAL INFORMATION ON THE TRANSPORT RESEARCH KNOWLEDGE CENTRE

AND ANALYSIS PROCESS USED .............................................................................. 43 ANNEX III: EDITORIAL TEAM FOR THEMATIC RESEARCH SUMMARIES ....................................... 46


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1. Introduction This paper provides a structured guide to the results of Research and Technical Develop-ment (RTD) projects relating to Transport Management, carried out in transport research programmes throughout the European Research Area (ERA). It is one of a series of 28 papers. Two further from an original set of 30 transport themes – i.e. Long-distance Transport and Financing Tools – have been discontinued as separate reports, though all related projects will eventually be covered elsewhere in Thematic Re-search Summaries.

Paper no. Transport theme

1.1 Passenger Transport 1.2 Freight Transport 1.3 Urban Transport 1.4 Rural Transport 1.5 Regional Transport D

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sion

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1.6 EU Accession Issues 2.1 Air Transport 2.2 Rail Transport 2.3 Road Transport 2.4 Waterborne Transport 2.5 Other Modes D

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2.6 Intermodal Transport 3.1 Economic Aspects 3.2 Efficiency 3.3 Equity and Accessibility 3.4 Environmental Aspects 3.5 User Aspects (incl. ergonomics, quality, choice and rights) D

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sion

3

3.6 Safety and Security 4.1 Decision-support Tools 4.2 Information and Awareness 4.3 Infrastructure Provision (incl. TENs) 4.4 Integration 4.5 Intelligent Transport Systems 4.6 Regulation / Deregulation 4.7 Land Use Planning 4.8 Transport Management 4.9 Pricing, Taxation and Financing Tools

Dim

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4.10 Vehicle Technology Of the roughly 5600 projects from research programmes the Transport Research Know-ledge Centre (TRKC) ultimately will have considered, a total of 1163 national and Euro-pean projects deal with the issues of Transport Management.


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1.1 How to use this paper

It is recommended that you use this paper to locate RTD (Research and Technical Devel-opment) results on sub-themes where you have a particular interest, rather than reading the paper from start to finish:

• Start in Section 2 to get an overview of the scope of the particular theme. • Read Section 4 that summarises the findings for each sub-theme of interest to you. • Consult Annex I to identify the individual projects, be they of European or national ori-

gin, relating to a particular sub-theme. • If this is the first time you have used one of the series of thematic research summaries,

it is strongly recommended that you read Annex II. This explains the background and purpose of the EXTR@Web project, and the basis upon which information in this docu-ment was selected and analysed.

The other sections of this paper can help you to gain an overall picture of the Transport Management theme, associated policy issues and the background of project EXTR@Web.

The analysis in this paper is the responsibility of the EXTR@Web project team, and does not represent the official viewpoint of the European Commission.

1.2 The link to the Transport Research Knowledge Centre website

Further details on individual projects can be obtained from the Transport Research Knowl-edge Centre (TRKC) website at: ec.europa.eu/transport/extra

The TRKC website includes summaries and full final reports of individual projects, as well as a variety of analyses, and publications prepared by the EXTR@Web project. How to best use the online resource: • The 'Projects & Analysis' section allows the user to specify a project-wide search on

'Publication date', 'Origin', 'Document type', 'Mode', 'Sector', 'Geographic area', 'Policy objective' and 'Tool', or any combination of these criteria.

• This may be complemented, or superseded, by the flexible 'Free text search'. • On the query result screen, free text search criteria may be refined, as appropriate. Fur-

ther tick boxes here allow limiting query results according to 'Project status' (five levels). • Query results are presented in a table, which allows for sorting by column (click on rele-

vant column header for alphanumerical sorting). • Project-specific summaries may include links to project websites, or provide contact de-

tails for the project, where available. It should be noted that the online Transport Research Knowledge Centre will be updated frequently, though dependent on input from project co-ordinators. Other parts of the TRKC website cover transport research at Programme level, and ex-pand on transport related issues, e.g. in the 'Links', 'Events', 'Glossary' and 'FAQs' sec-tions.





2. Scope of theme

2.1 Definition of theme

The measures under this general tool involve changing the way in which the existing trans-port system is used and the traffic is managed. It is possible to monitor the actual traffic situation in real-time and then control the flow using that information. This is what modern traffic management is all about. Objectives are to optimise the transport networks and effi-ciently organise the public transport by achieving better traffic flows, improved public traffic flows and increased quality in public transport. This way, congestion, emissions and traffic volume can be reduced. Transport management measures are mainly divided into traffic information and control and improving public traffic flow. They also involve a wide range of approaches, including increases and reductions in road capacity, reallocations of that capacity, and changes in the operation of public transport. With an efficient traffic management system the road op-erator can meet goals set by the politicians regarding traffic levels within the city centre, emission levels etc. Measures and tools to influence car use and traffic flows are: • Conventional traffic management; • urban traffic control systems; • Intelligent Transport Systems, which use new technology to improve the performance

of the road network; • traffic information systems covering all transport networks and all modes; • traffic calming measures; • freight management; and • supply chain and Logistics management. They also include measures to influence public transport use, such as: • New and modified bus services; • intermodality in urban trips; • integration of modes; • bus priorities and high occupancy vehicle lanes; and • changes in bus and rail frequencies. Traffic and transport management policies and measures are also extended to provisions for soft modes (cycling, walking, etc.).

2.2 Topics included in theme

Research into transport management covers a range of measures, which would be used in combination in any integrated approach to sustainable mobility. These include land-use and transport planning, physical infrastructure, traffic control and demand management measures.




Major topics included in Transport Management theme are: • Traffic control systems; • driver information systems; • mobility strategies – management; • demand management; • parking management; • network management; • public transport management; and • transport telematics. The above summary of topics describes the principal breakdown of technical, organisa-tional and managerial aspects that come under the theme, whereas Chapter 4 of this document reflects sub-themes according to actual priorities in transport research policy.

2.3 Significance of theme

Improving the efficiency and sustainability of the transport system requires the develop-ment of new traffic management tools and transport services. Research in this field aims to: • Develop, integrate and validate advanced traffic-management systems; • establish coherent traffic-management architecture across the transport chain; • fine tune demand-management tools and policies Enhance intermodal door-to-door

freight and logistics services; • improve passenger transport systems and services; and • contribute to the development and implementation of second-generation satellite navi-

gation and positioning system.




3. Policy context European policy objectives related to theme The Trans- European networks in the field of transport are a key element in the process of further economic integration and promotion of free traffic of goods, persons, services and capital as well as economic growth via the social cohesion in the single European market. Free movement of people and free circulation of goods are essential for the completion of the Single Market. Therefore the EU transport policy seeks to achieve an integrated Trans European Network (TEN) that responds to people’s desire for a cleaner environment and safer reliable mobility. The economic well-being of citizens and businesses and social co-hesion in Europe are to a considerable extent based on an efficient, accessible and com-petitive transport system which reconciles the need for mobility meeting users’ needs using advanced traffic management systems, helping travellers, freight distributors and transport operators make a more efficient use of the networks. The CTP objectives led to the consideration on several aspects clearly described in the White Paper: European Transport Policy for 2010: Time to decide [5], and in the Green Pa-pers ”The Citizens’ Network” and ”Fair and Efficient Pricing” [17]. A summary of them re-lated to transport management is presented below: • Linking up the modes of transport offering innovative services; • eliminating bottlenecks improving traffic conditions; • ensuring the role of transport with human face providing intermodality for the people,

and high quality of public service respecting the users rights and obligations; • promoting of good practices, rationalising urban transport and traffic congestion in-

crease; and • manage the globalisation of transport through international common rules. In relation to the EU recommendations on traffic management which underlined the impor-tance of improving the efficiency and commercial organisation of transport, gradual pro-gress has been made. Improved traffic management has made a significant contribution in a number of cities particularly through integrated measures to improve information in real time on congestion and information on bus arrival times (a key factor in quality of service). However, policy approaches towards travel in urban areas remain particularly challenging and now focus on the necessity of integrated strategies that combine urban land use and transport planning, improvement of public transport systems and pricing measures. This integrated policy approach requires more effective horizontal and vertical coordination between policy institutions and implementing bodies accustomed to working somewhat in-dependently. In the long term, transport ministries will increasingly see a change in em-phasis in their role and will be seen less as a simple provider of transport infrastructure and more as responsible for the intelligent management of the transport system as an in-tegrated whole.




4. Synthesis of findings from completed projects

Research projects contributing to the theme of Transport Management can be broken down to the following sub-themes or topic areas: • Traffic information; • urban traffic management; • freight traffic management; • control and management of logistics chains; and • road, railway and air traffic management. You may wish to further consult the following Thematic Research Summaries that present research findings which are complementary to those covered in this paper: • D2.E-2.6 Intermodal transport; • D2.E-3.2 Efficiency; • D2.E-3.3 Equity and accessibility; • D2.E-3.5 User aspects; • D2.E-4.1 Decision-support tools; • D2.E-4.3 Information and awareness; and • D2.E-4.6 Intelligent transport systems. Results from the following 25 projects have been included in this Thematic Research Summary: Research sub-theme Contributing projects Traffic information MOBISERVICE; STREETWISE; TRAVEL-

GUIDE; WATERMAN-TS Urban Traffic management A9; PRISCILLA; TOSCA; UG116; Manag-

ing and financing of urban- and regional transport in Europe from the viewpoint of the Hungarian solutions; Urban Transport Benchmarking Initiative; Breaking the ha-bitual choice of the private car

Freight Traffic management F-MAN; INTRASEA; MOSCA; NECL; TASKU

Control and management of logistics chains E-THEMATIC; PROTRANS; SULOGTRA Road, Railway and Air Traffic management EYE IN THE SKY; GAUSS; IMPROVE-

RAIL; PROMAIN; SAMRAIL; SMART-NETS

Detailed findings and policy implications for individual projects can be found in Annex I. Please refer to acronyms and project titles, respectively, listed above.




4.1 Traffic Information

4.1.1 Research objectives

In this area, projects introduce and / or test different systems and databases for informa-tion, collection and exchange, as value added in traffic control. In accordance to the Euro-pean Transport White Paper and national strategies, research aims at improving safety, making best use of existing networks, reducing congestion, improving services to travelling customers and making better use of public transport, whilst minimising overall impact on the environment. A pan-European deployment of ITS contributes to achieving these aims.

4.1.2 Main findings

Frameworks and guidelines for the Euro-Regional Projects have provided a monitoring of ITS applications as alternatives to standard loop-based infrastructure, upgrades to traffic centres and exchange of data between these centres. Also, traffic management and con-trol focuses on journey time initiatives and proactive traffic management, using Variable Message Signs (VMS) providing drivers with information. Traffic information through Inter-net services (e.g. Transport Direct in UK and NADICS in Scotland), information kiosks on ferries and information for freight drivers on Long Distance journeys across borders are also promoted. Finally, management of the interfaces between urban and inter-urban net-works is also required in order to get an efficient integrated system. Guidelines that have been produced for the enhancement of integrated information provi-sion services cover pre-trip information systems (Internet-based, fixed info points and al-ternative modalities -free telephone service, highway advisory radio etc.- adapted to the needs of different road-user subgroups should provide regional and national traffic infor-mation for the whole Pan-European networks and demand) and on-trip in-vehicle informa-tion systems (in-vehicle systems capable to translate coded messages into a driver's na-tive language, digitised traffic messages for foreign drivers on critical spots along trans-European networks, borders, trans-national roads, areas and regions with different rules, standards etc.). Contradictions between in-vehicle and roadside information systems have to be avoided, otherwise drivers have to solve difficult and distracting cognitive conflicts resulting in dras-tic decreases of traffic safety. It has been found that the less a driver is involved in interac-tions with a system the higher a system's contribution to traffic safety is graded. At urban level, traffic information can be provided by Mobility Management and Service Centres, which are intelligent infrastructures for data capture, processing, exchange and distribution covering all transport modes to support traffic and demand management, inte-grated sustainable transport operations in cities and regions, including rural areas and trans-European networks. These tools contribute towards the development of a user friendly information society and address several aspects identified as ‘the main focus’ of the IST programme, including improving accessibility to information, enhancing user friend-liness, increasing the relevance and quality of public services, empowering citizens (espe-cially as customers), ensuring universally available access and intuitiveness of interfaces and encouraging ‘design for all’.




Relevant studies in the area of maritime transport have shown that maritime traffic and transport information systems should be subject to a systematic approach aimed at defin-ing the architecture of these systems at the appropriate levels: the policy level, the busi-ness (operator) level, the manufacturers levels. The guidelines for traffic and transport management related information systems architecture have been developed and are rec-ommended as a basis for such an approach. Some exemplary national contributions, re-flecting recent developments in different EU Member States demonstrated that synergies between traffic and transport may be enhanced. Future information services should promote event driven real time transactional systems and supply chain event management and produce targeted information from available data. Attention should be paid to the risk of vulnerability which may result from increasing dependability of processes and process chains, and hence require secure systems de-signs and intelligent security architectures. Finally, more attention is required to the human element from both social and economic points of view. Especially in the safety and security sectors, man is the key factor.

4.2 Urban traffic management


In this area, projects include tools that have been developed to provide an open systems framework supporting a wide range of urban traffic management strategies, using mobility management techniques. Research is contributing to reconciliation of the increased demand for transport with the need to protect the physical, social and human environment. It helps EU to meet the objec-tives of the Common Transport Policy and national policies promoting sustainability and enhancing the quality of transport services. It addresses the aims of life quality, protection of the environment, industrial competitiveness, employment opportunities and cost-effectiveness of public money, as bus priority strategies on urban areas encourages modal shift in favour of PT.

4.2.2 Main findings

An issue revealed from research in the area of urban traffic management is the deploy-ment of new skills and allocation of roles; the real time dialog between the Urban Traffic Control operators and the Bus Control Centre operators is becoming the “core” of mobility management. Cost-effectiveness of public money is an issue addressed by bus priority on large areas; even if in different contexts in Europe, PT is partly funded by public funds. Furthermore, a good awareness on ITS systems is being gradually achieved. It occurs that in cities with a good transport system, public transport is preferred despite the lower average speed than car and that costs associated with travelling by car have an impact on mode choice. In general, car use is lower in the most densely populated areas and a traffic control strategy should favour the management of public transport, ensure tramway priority, provide facilities for cyclists, pedestrians, disabled persons etc.. Park and ride facilities when located at the edge of the metropolitan area, discourage trips from the outer region, while when located closer to the centre, they intercept trips made by visitors.




Planners, in particular within the public transport sector, should act towards policies that -even in long term- will break transport habits and promote public transport. In cities, the challenge for policy makers is to manage the existing transport infrastructure in order to optimise the use of public transport and reduce car use, through the implemen-tation of careful demand management measures. Opportunities for walking and cycling through the development of relevant infrastructure appropriate to a city’s size and struc-ture, reallocation of road space to sustainable modes, constraining the size of the urban road networks, integrating the development of urban transport systems with land-use plan-ning, providing accessibility of existing public transport system to disabled persons ensur-ing equity among people, developing high quality bus services and parking controls are some measures that would help to reduce car use and encourage greater levels of public transport use, walking and cycling. Such issues have been targeted by recent EU policies and actions within a general framework of sustainable and efficient transport. It appears that soft modes (cycling, walking) are popular where they have been encour-aged by investment, e.g. integrated cycle networks based upon bike-and-ride provision or the free carriage of bicycles on public transport. Many efficient measures for the promotion of pedestrian and cycle traffic are available and awaiting implementation. Some European cities have made important efforts towards the promotion of soft modes contributing to a better quality of life for their citizens but these are far from being enough, especially if conditions in urban environment is considered at a European level. At the same time, it is forecasted that cycle and pedestrian traffic could increase by important rates in these cities and reduce further car traffic significantly, especially with the introduc-tion of a different framework (e.g. higher costs for motorised traffic). These trends are rather encouraging but should be strengthened and expanded in other European countries as well, as in most cases, road laws, transport policies, planning and funding, do not treat pedestrian and cycle traffic equally. Another example of urban traffic management can be met in the case of bus priority sys-tems; relevant research in European cities proved their effectiveness and revealed that the benefits of such strategies induce a real improvement of service quality (improving speeds, punctuality/ regularity, varying the level of priority). A modern idea in the field of transport management is car-sharing providing 24-hrs service accessibility, offering an alternative solution to the private car and preventing people from driving more than really necessary. Its promotion is seen as an important element of an environmentally oriented urban transport policy, meeting the objectives of all the EU policy documents that call for a more sustainable urban development. At national level, research on the operation and financing of public transport, the analysis of domestic public transport regulations and their comparison with the planned EU expec-tations, reveals the importance of the knowledge of transport demand and the interrelation between fares, revenues and cost coverage to prepare good contracts. Considering the real costs of transport, the internal and external costs, the comparison of public transport and individual transport provide sufficient arguments for co-financing of public transport. Analysing the European practice in financing public transport principles for regulation and financing revealed the need for clarification of services provision responsibilities in local and interurban transport and of financing sources of urban and regional public transport. A coordinating authority arranging public transport in the region should be implemented, op-eration costs of public transport should be justifiable and the loss compensation in the con-tracts should be handled.




4.3 Freight traffic management


In this area, cost-effective ways of managing freight traffic flows based on the enhance-ment of terminal management and the integration of the existing telematics systems are included.

4.3.2 Main findings

Surveys of interest groups suggest that there is still very little tracking and tracing of cargo units, and the existing systems are mostly manual. Only the largest logistics operators have access to more high-tech systems that are often tailored for individual clients. But the need for more efficient operations within transport chains calls for the development of more extensive systems that can process data on several parties and goods categories. The main obstacles to the creation of such a tracking and tracing system are the wide range of standards currently in use and the lack of common operating models. Additional insecurity for system implementation is caused by the speed at which technology is advancing in this field. The first parties to implement the new kinds of tracking and tracing systems will most likely be the major transport chain operators. In the future, the included with each cargo unit will be able to be read by a variety of technologies and the parties involved will have to decide on matters associated with the information content, data security and safety. Regarding the rail freight management, a prototype (F-MAN) has been developed. It con-stitutes an important key to the completion of a freight-related information society aiming at providing tools that make the management of railcar fleet possible under a European cov-erage. It was designed to provide Railway Cargo Operator fleet managers with innovative tools to control his wagon fleet, and to enhance the productivity of wagons (by locating wagons wherever in Europe, retrieving wagon status information, estimating the Expected Times of Arrival, proposing a proper choice of wagons to comply with clients' orders, and presenting wagons position and operating data on geographical maps). Thus, it enables efficiency-improvements, increases capacity and productivity in the European rail freight transport network. It also develops the competitiveness of rail transport with respect to road contributes to rail network interoperability, reduces operational cost, improves net-work coverage throughout the EU and develops a single market for rail. Research in the area of urban freight transport can no longer be seen in a narrow national perspective since urban good transport needs are becoming more and more sophisticated and environmental problems are a global issue. In order to achieve European objectives, innovative management tools have to be implemented in Europe and the Accession Coun-tries on a common basis, which will enable integration and interoperability. The develop-ment of innovative tools and methods for management of freight delivery in the city centres must be addressed at a European rather than national or private level since only in this way it is possible to harmonise the different settings dependant on specific local character-istics. Tools that have been identified for improving the efficiency of door-to-door goods transport in urban areas by providing both demand and supply side information in a system, are modules enabling and supporting planning decision both for private and public operators where tours, network structure, traffic regulation measures, etc, are concerned. Main outcomes are therefore validated prototypes for demand services and integrated sup-ply-oriented traffic and transport model together with user-oriented decision support sys-




tem. These tools and modules are provided in software and can calculate business traffic and freight transport demand matrices of a city or region, analyse in detail the commercial transport in connection with the passenger transport and also calculate noise emissions and social costs. Moreover, web services manage preferred delivery locations for recipi-ents of freight consignments serving as an information hub for delivery data, accessed by private customers and logistics service providers. The use of inland waterway transports, combined or not, with other modes of transport, is expected to increase in the future. By drawing up the future state of the art (by the year 2020), it is made obvious that increased inland waterway shipments contribute to EU over-all sustainability targets, such as safety and environmental protection, especially when lo-gistical systems are supported by information technology. However, inland water shipping development presents obstacles and practical difficulties, such as insufficient water deeps, too small river dimensions and low bridges, as well as organisational weaknesses due to lack of marketing of inland waterways possibilities, inadequate political awareness and in-sufficient cooperation between agencies involved in water transport. There is a Strategy for the Mid Nordic Transport Corridor that has been drawn up including border-crossing matters, deficiencies in the infrastructure, cost estimates for necessary remedial measures and forecasts about what volumes, what kind of goods and by which means of transport can be transported. Several links have been studied covering all rele-vant modes to improve services (road infrastructure, upgrade of Norwegian railway, im-plementation of a new ferry link over the Baltic Sea between Sweden and Finland) and en-vironmental impacts of the use of different means of transport have been also examined to a certain extent. Contacts with representatives at the English east coast have been devel-oped, while possibilities to use the Trans Siberian railway for exports to and from Asia have been investigated. It can constitute an overall strategy for development and market-ing of the Mid Nordic Transport Corridor, since it addresses to political decision makers and transport authorities for making up their long term planning for the infrastructure.

4.4 Control and management of logistics chains


This area includes all the tools that can be developed for the organisation and promotion of modal shift towards intermodal transport. The White Book on Common Transport Policy presented a core set of orientations which impact directly in Supply Chain Management (SCM) trends. Policy measures also produce many indirect impacts in logistics and SCM, seen from the point of view of the global political and legislative framework. From the large spectrum of EU policies, five sets of impacting policies have been identified and prioritised: transport, environmental, infrastructure, social and economical and enterprise policies.

4.4.2 Main findings

In fact, logistics and SCM activities have not yet been clearly ‘targeted’ by EU policies. Al-though the White Paper defines areas for action in the field of logistics, no tangible action has been taken. A set of issues which has captured the attention of policy makers and is likely to offer new developments on SCM trends are those related to infrastructure (har-




monisation of fuel taxation, internalisation of external costs, pricing and charging, im-provement of quality and safety in road sector). Another set of wider social and economic concerns is taken under consideration in the analysis of policy issues affecting SCM and finally, enterprise policy is taken into account as an ‘horizontal’ policy, since it ‘crosses’ all the above-considered policies ‘touching’ the same points within each of them. The main concerns of the enterprise policy are related to competitiveness issues, access to the European markets and small and medium sized enterprise (SME) policy. E-fulfilment, a modern trend in goods’ transportation and delivery, facilitates the integration of innovative applications and e-services with private and public information infrastruc-tures, thus providing enterprises a sound basis to achieve higher levels of integration, effi-ciency and cost-effectiveness. The reason for this integration is that the movement of ma-terials and end products is not any longer executed by single divisional functions, but in-creasingly, through a single and seamless cross-company process. Few Logistics Service Providers (LSPs) can offer a full geographical coverage to the Euro-pean Business to Business (B2B) and Business to Consumer (B2C) markets. They oper-ate most efficiently where there is a high density of delivery and deliveries are made con-sistent and daily. LSPs need to work together and with postal authorities to cover the entire European market. Issues are evident with this as friction costs occur when there is a trans-fer from one LSP to another LSP. The systems that different LSPs use, are incompatible and closely controlled. Such integration problems with LSPs result in an increase in costs and a decrease in the level of service a customer receives. As regards 3rd Party Logistics Providers (3PLPs), it was found that they differ significantly across Europe, in terms of activities, operating costs, land availability and networking facili-ties and a typology is needed in logistics market to identify and compare logistics regions. Regions are developing further to more international orientated regions and the importance of 3PLPs’ activity in the development of an integrated freight transport system, in EU econ-omy and competitiveness and in the current and future state of IMT is obvious. Barriers are either inherent to IMT or rooted in the missing service offerings for IMT, while opportunities arise from the fact that shippers are turning to outsourcing strategies, in operational areas and in information/knowledge based logistics management. Transport, taxation and envi-ronment regulations provide opportunities to shift from road to IMT. Moreover, implications of modal choice on sustainable competitiveness and growth added to the importance of integral strategic logistics vision with public and private partners have been highlighted. It is found that for more efficient logistics, further outsourcing and improvement of IMT is required, while regulatory measures on transport, taxation and environment can increase the use of IMT. Policymakers should align infrastructure plans at all levels, in order to pro-vide efficient transport connections and stimulate integrated logistics strategies in regions, in which public and private partners participate for the development of an integral strategic logistics vision of a region. Future roles for 3PLPs are to act as Pan-European integrators and liability guarantors (‘Freight Integrator’ initiative as outlined in the White Paper) and finally, 3PLPs can implement IMT related strategies fostering the use of road-rail. Therefore, European policymakers need to act towards: • Logistic centres for (de)consolidation nearby or in conjunction with a rail terminal; • improvement of railway and access to rail capacity; • development of transfer points between modes and IMT units; • harmonised regulations; • better marketing of IMT; • revenue sharing between operators according to reliability;




• criteria for assessing the impact of IMT on environment, employment, social and regional development; and

• logistics, tariff, administration and physical integration.

4.5 Road, Railway and Air traffic management


In this area, related tools to improve traffic control are covered. It covers investments in road, railway and traffic management that enable to make better use of existing infrastruc-ture and equipment. In addition to traffic aspects, this section also considers some impor-tant system and infrastructure management issues, affecting the general level of efficiency and quality of all modes transport networks.

4.5.2 Main findings

The GAUSS technology and applications can improve mobility and transport management in all modes, by providing innovative services and creating favourable technical conditions for enhancing both quality and efficiency, while maintaining safety standards. Research results in this area open the way to the development and exploitation of advanced technol-ogy supporting high quality, reliable and effective services to the citizens for the transport sector and whole mobility domain, in view of GALILEO and UMTS scenarios: emergency assistance, safety-of-life applications, fleet and freight transport management (rail, road, maritime and inland waterway), dangerous goods transportation and containers tracking. The provision of an easy-to-implement, inter-operable, easily transferable traffic control strategy that can provide an efficient performance with a minimum amount of fine-tuning is required in all modes. This can be achieved by developing an innovative traffic control strategy that can be easily and quickly implemented and can provide a significant reduc-tion of travel times within traffic networks, in accordance to a whole series of EU policy is-sues aiming to provide an innovative system that improves services to the citizen and strengthens the European position in the global ITS market. The development and validation of intelligent transport infrastructures is a main target of research in the area of air traffic management. Specifically, research is based on the syn-ergy of surveillance, communications and geographic information/digital mapping tech-nologies, near real-time downloading and acquisition of sensor data to ground station and near real-time processing of the data into traffic information. Mobility management services are defined and analysed with a view to create a commer-cially viable company offering services to individual users (drivers) and also to the public authorities (transport operators etc.). Finally, the exploitation of state-of-the-art technolo-gies for the production of cost-effective general interest services facilitate daily citizen needs. Specifically, for Safety Management in Railways, a commonly agreed structure for the Safety Management System and a risk management approach along with a definition of the railway system and accident scenarios have been proposed. There are two types of safety targets, i.e. global targets for measuring member states' performance, and safety levels for measuring performance of individual railway functions.




As regards the Maintenance and Management of Railway Infrastructure, a technically ori-ented Thematic Network enhanced the performance of the railway infrastructure in main-tenance and management through the application of innovative knowledge, tools and methodologies and has established co-operation between users and parties who can pro-vide solutions, investigate and apply better construction principles, management and safety approaches and make available the results of research and technological develop-ments. For the above, 3 European policy principles are considered: single market, sustain-able mobility and the EU enlargement. Research also revealed that currently, quality man-agement is not in the centre of Infrastructure Managers' interest, European rail freight has bad communication across borders, that potential of Life-Cycle-Costing for cost reduction is not exploited and that outsourcing needs specific tailoring. Business Process Reengineering (BPR) among railway Infrastructure Manager (IM) is sup-ported according to the general principles of BPR but in attention to the specificities of Railway IM. Railway companies are segmented as production, commercial and market ori-ented organisations. By proposing the split of train operation, the EU has paved the way to a deep structural change aiming to enable better economical usage of the railway assets and further creating the conditions for competitiveness in railway transports. This is to a large extent due to the fact that the concept of a Public Railway has progressively proven problematic, at the cost of growing operation deficits, which are today urgent to keep under tight control. In that sense, splitting operation from network is a milestone and this is nec-essarily a crucial challenge for railway, as the IM need now to balance the “income from infrastructure charges”, based on effective (but complex) cost analysis. Another challenge is to balance revenues from charging core activities with “State funding” and to manage “infrastructure expenditures” while reducing the costs of provision of infrastructure and the level of access charges “with due regard to safety and to maintaining and improving the quality of the infrastructure service”. As the transport industry becomes more international and deregulated, rail transport in Europe should be able to take actions looking at the EU dimension rather the individual Member States and set long term goals. Moreover, IMs should develop specific measures based on a strategic definition of, accounting for the thorough understanding of the new requirements of railway stakeholders. The main challenges for Railway IM contributing to the overall success of the railway sector are associated to the following topics: • Competitiveness concerns and commitment towards intermodality; • optimisation of railway capacity based on maintenance and renewal planning tools; • promote smooth infrastructure provision across EU Member States; • reaching higher efficiency in network provision and capacity allocation; • specification of data requirements for the development of information systems; • foster financial sustainability of railway Infrastructure Management; • promote continuous improvement and implement best practices; • clarifying the role of charging in promoting access to services including the different

capacity allocation strategies combined with the levying of the charges; • discussing the adherence of Marginal Cost pricing principles to the recent EC

Directives; and • quality of the infrastructure for the valuation of the provided service.




4.6 Research Gaps

Research in Europe should identify political measures and schemes of funding that should be implemented in favour of a sustainable mobility. At national level, in almost all European countries, further research is required on several aspects related to transport and traffic management tools. This should be considered in combination with technology develop-ment which can provide several useful tools for managing transport, both in urban and in-terurban environment. Such technologies, supported by appropriate policies taking at the same time into account other prerequisites of sustainability (security, economy, social co-hesion, efficiency etc) would be able to ensure better conditions for citizens and goods transport inside and outside cities. Moreover, operation and financing of public transport at national or city level is susceptible of further research, either because EU is imposing prin-ciples, or because good and efficient practices have been remarked in different European countries/cities and transmission of these practices is desired. The improvement of information systems and the creation of more effective processes and safety management systems should be further targeted. Some key themes in the catego-ries of strategy, efficiency and utility should be considered by the EU Member States as they begin the process of improving their traffic safety information systems. Further scan within the Member States could determine best practices for collecting, processing, stor-ing, and sharing data, while a marketing plan for traffic information increasing the aware-ness of the public and political entities of the importance of traffic (safety, etc.) data would be useful. Finally, the use of existing technology should be expanded to improve and ex-pand databases and support electronic data collection of all types, while new technologies and methodologies would reduce and share costs of developing and maintaining systems and would improve and expand the collection and management of data. Furthermore, research in the area of pedestrian and cycle traffic presents important gaps and in order to achieve a sustainable transport policy, an intensive promotion is required and this is only possible within the framework of a federal government programme. Such a programme would involve federal offices responsible for interest groups and other gov-ernment levels, affecting a variety of political sectors and responsibilities. It should create awareness of the issues of pedestrian and cycle traffic and proposals for action. A similar approach should be applied for accessibility issues, where similar gaps are iden-tified. Particular facilities in public transport systems and vehicles should be provided for persons with reduced mobility who represent a surprisingly high proportion of the EU popu-lation (about 35-40%). The Commission needs to promote a series of initiatives aiming at facilitating and improving the accessibility to public transport for these users by making it more flexible and better suited to meeting their needs. As regards freight traffic management, further research should cover the following general top priority themes: • Integration of European intermodal terminal network; • quality of services as a benefit to all stakeholders; • security in the terminal and along it; • organisation between actors including collaboration/ partnerships, supply chain visibility

and strategies; and • intelligence (IT and architectures) to form a smart supply chain. From the infrastructure, transport equipment and transfer means standpoint, successful technology development and innovation is key from a broad technological, economic and




social perspective. Standardisation of loading units and as a tool for interoperability is an-other critical means to promote more efficient transport. In terms of information and com-munication systems, better integration of existing and future systems is needed. This should be based on internationally agreed process and message standards. In certain ar-eas also collaboration and often centralised systems (or a one-stop shop) are required. Furthermore, logistics management tools are required to cover the whole transport chain and the establishment of a reference centre for freight terminals would improve knowledge and harmonisation transfer. Finally, in the area of freight transport intermodality, gaps are noticed in the following top-ics: • inland waterways; • Trans-European transport corridors; • logistics integration of the entire chain; • interoperability issues between NAS (New Asia Strategy) and EU; • funding mechanisms for financing terminals; and • planning principles for developing a terminal. These are the issues that initiatives that can assist in policy making process for public and private investment strategies, in organisational aspects, and in new strategies for network integration, must deal with. Regarding market fragmentation problem, there are not many research results on standard mechanisms of providing and operating process visibility between companies and trans-porters, irrespective of their country of operation. Τhe most important topics that should constitute fields of further research are: • Logistics chain management tools, improving logistics chain and traffic management; • reference centre for freight terminals, providing central availability of knowledge,

harmonisation and standardisation of business processes, and awareness about IT; • intermodal nodes being part of TEN network, sea motorways and network connections; • organisational aspects in the logistics chain, integration of actors focussing on the

market and adoption of IT solutions; • centralised information/data for information flow management, which would integrate

terminals into intermodal transport chains by harmonising administrative procedures and offering a set of information and communication tools and services to ease data delivery to all partners in the chain;

• inland waterways integration into intermodal transport and door-to door transport chains;

• interoperability between NAS (New Asia Strategy) and EU; • restructuring including reduction in operating costs, better service, added capacity; • technology development and innovation having strength in technical performance,

commercial viability, appealing to the involved public and satisfy regulators; and • cost-benefit aspects of Information and Communication System implementation.




5. References [1] EXTR@Web project: ‘Transport Research Knowledge Centre (TRKC) website’

(ec.europa.eu/transport/extra), 2004-2006, Brussels

[2] European Commission: 'Keep Europe moving – Sustainable mobility for our conti-nent. Mid-term review of the European Commission’s 2001 Transport White Paper.'; COM(2006)314, CEC, 2006, Brussels

[3] 'Memorandum to the Commission on the Policy Guidelines of the White Paper on a Common Transport Policy'; 18 July 2001, Brussels

[4] 'A Sustainable Europe for a Better World: A European Union Strategy for Sustain-able Development'; COM(2001)264, CEC, 2001, Brussels

[5] 'European transport policy for 2010: time to decide', White Paper; COM(2001)370, CEC, 2001, Brussels

[6] 'Energy, environment and sustainable development. Programme for research, tech-nology development and demonstration under the Fifth Framework Programme – Work programme'; CEC, 1999, Brussels

[7] 'Communication on integrating conventional rail systems and proposal for a Council directive on the interoperability of the trans-European conventional rail systems'; COM(99)617, CEC, 1999, Brussels

[8] 'Modern Technologies in Transport'; ECMT – Council of Ministers of Transport, Co-penhagen, 26-27 May 1998, CEMT/CM(98)3

[9] 'On the implementation and the impact of Directive 91/440/EEC on the development of the Community’s railways'; COM(98)202, CEC, 1998, Brussels

[10] 'Proposal for a Council Directive relating to the allocation of railway infrastructure capacity and the levying of charges for the use of railway infrastructure and safety certification'; COM(98)480, CEC, 1998, Brussels

[11] 'The Common Transport Policy. Sustainable Mobility: Perspectives for the Future'; COM(98)716, CEC, 1998, Brussels

[12] 'Cohesion and Transport'; COM(98)806, CEC, 1998, Brussels

[13] 'Models for Traffic and Safety Developments and Interventions', COST 329; CEC, 1997, Brussels

[14] 'Proposal for a European Parliament and Council decision on the review of the Euro-pean Community Programme of policy and action in relation to the environment and sustainable development, Towards Sustainability'; COM(96)647 and COM(96)648, CEC, 1996, Brussels

[15] 'Common Transport Policy Action Programme 1995-2000'; COM(95)302, CEC, 1995, Brussels

[16] 'A strategy for revitalising the Community’s railways', White Paper; COM(96)421, CEC, 1996, Brussels

[17] 'The Citizens’ Network', Green Paper; COM(95)601, CEC, 1995, Brussels

[18] 'Progress report on implementation of the European Community Programme of pol-icy and action in relation to the environment and sustainable development, Towards Sustainability'; COM(95)624, CEC, 1995, Brussels





[19] 'Community Action Programme for Accessible Public Transport'; COM(93)433; CEC, 1993, Brussels

[20] 'The future development of the Common Transport Policy', White Paper; COM(92)494, CEC, 1992, Brussels

[21] ‘Sustainable Transport Policies’, ECMT, 2000, Prague.

[22] ‘Thematic Network on Freight Transfer Points and Terminals’ (EUTP II), D4.1:’Rec-ommendations for policy and research activities’, April 2004




Annex I: Contributing projects

Preface This Annex lists all the projects (European and national) which belong to the Transport Management theme, in alphabetical order of project acronym (for projects with acronyms), followed by projects without acronyms in alphabetical order of the project's name in English. Where results have been made available to the EXTR@Web project, a summary of key findings and policy implications relevant to this theme are given.

In 'Origin' column, use country designators as follows:

Austria – AT; Belgium – BE; Bulgaria – BG; Cyprus – CY; Czech Republic – CZ; Denmark – DK; Estonia – EE; European – EU; Finland – FI; France – FR; Germany – DE; Greece – GR; Hungary – HU; Iceland – IS; International – INT; Ireland – IE; Italy – IT; Latvia – LV; Lithuania – LT; Luxembourg – LU; Malta – MT; Netherlands – NL; Norway – NO; Poland – PL; Portugal – PT; Romania – RO; Slovakia – SK; Slovenia – SI; Spain – ES; Sweden – SE; Switzerland – CH; United Kingdom – UK; Other countries – Oth

Theme: Transport Management Last update: 14 July 2006Acronym Project title (in English) Origin Research sub-theme Key findings / Policy implications / Project website or contact

30-ZONE 30 km/h zones in city centres EU

Project website

www.vegvesen.no

A1 Mobility Management CH

Project website

www.nfp41.ch

A6 Car pooling CH

Project website

www.boku.ac.at/verkehr/icaro.htm

A9 Pedestrian and cycle traffic CH Urban traffic management

Key findings

Cycle and pedestrian traffic could increase by 50% and 20% respectively, and reduce car traffic by 20%. Half of all trips in Switzerland is on foot and by cycle and yet - numerous obstacles still hinder the spread of these most environmentally friendly means of travelling. Within some 10 years cycle traffic volume could be increased from 10% to about 15%, and even 20% would be feasible through the introduction of a different framework (e.g. higher costs for motorised traffic). road laws, transport policies, planning and funding, do not treat pedestrian and cycle traffic equally.

Policy implications

Promotion of pedestrian and cycle traffic: Many efficient measures for the promotion of pedestrian and cycle traffic are available and awaiting im-plementation. Research in the area of pedestrian and cycle traffic to close the many research gaps. Intensive promotion is crucial for a sustainable transport policy that is only possible within the framework of a federal government programme. Such a programme would involve – under the guidance of one main office for pedestrian and cycle traffic –



http://www.vegvesen.no/

http://www.nfp41.ch/

http://www.boku.ac.at/verkehr/icaro.htm


Theme: Transport Management Last update: 14 July 2006Acronym Project title (in English) Origin Research sub-theme Key findings / Policy implications / Project website or contact several federal offices responsible for interest groups and other government levels, affecting a variety of political sectors and responsibilities. A further element of the programme is the creation of awareness of the issues of pedestrian and cycle traffic, in combination with specific proposals for action.

Project website

www.nfp41.ch

ARTS Advanced Road Telematics in the South West

EU

Project website

www.arts-mip.com

CAPTURE Cars to Public Transport in the Ur-ban Environment

EU

Project website (or contact)

None

CONLIMIT Convergent solutions to limit the traf-fic congestion and externalities in large urban areas

RO


None

CYBERMOVE Cybernetic transport systems for the City of Tomorrow

EU Urban traffic management

Project website

www.cybermove.org

DUPLO Universal device for payment, local-isation and operational activities

ES

Project website

None

E4 VISUM: Traffic Information System and Environmental Management

CH

Project website

www.nfp41.ch

EDICT Evaluation and demonstration of in-novative city transport

EU

Project website

www.cardiff.gov.uk/edict/




http://www.arts-mip.com/

http://www.cybermove.org/


http://www.cardiff.gov.uk/edict/


Theme: Transport Management Last update: 14 July 2006Acronym Project title (in English) Origin Research sub-theme Key findings / Policy implications / Project website or contact ELU Urban Logistics Spaces FR


None

E-THEMATIC Thematic Network on e-logistics/ e-fulfilment

EU Control and management of logistics chains

Key findings

The project carried out research and network activities to provide a better view on and to exchange knowl-edge relating to existing and emerging processes, technologies, and applications in the area of e-fulfillment. E-fulfilment facilitates the integration of innovative applications and e-services with private and public in-formation infrastructures, thus providing enterprises a sound basis to achieve higher levels of integration, efficiency and cost-effectiveness. The reason for this integration is that the movement of materials and end products is not any longer executed by single divisional functions, but increasingly, through a single and seamless cross-company process. As e-Fulfilment progresses, logistics and operational issues surface: The European logistics market is fragmented. Few if any Logistics Service Providers (LSPs) can offer a full geographical coverage to the European B2B and B2C markets. The B2C market is extremely fragmented and problematic for all LSPs. They operate most efficiently where there is a high density of delivery and deliveries are made consistent and daily. For LSPs it is the greatest disincentive to B2C service. Postal systems have a legal, social obligation that ne-gates this and forces them to service the entire national territory. LSPs need to work together and with postal authorities to cover the entire European market. Issues are evident with this as friction costs occur when there is a transfer from one LSP to another LSP. The sys-tems that different LSPs use, are incompatible and closely controlled. For instance a shipment that uses two or more LSPs cannot be tracked from a single interface. Such integration problems with LSPs result in an increase in costs and a decrease in the level of service a customer receives. There are significant community wide efficiency opportunities through making the two key LSP services (Shipment entry to net-work and Tracking) interoperable, compatible and cross-visible at a data and process level. Currently no-body has a solution to create this change. Last mile logistics. A problem in the B2C market is the fact that the final delivery is a home delivery. It could be the case that a home delivery needs to be repeated several times as a result of absence of the recipient resulting in in-creasing costs for LSPs. Currently different concepts are tested to increase the efficiency of delivery in the B2C market. Few have proven universally applicable or culturally acceptable across the entire EU market. Pure-players: high investment in infrastructure. Many pure players are investing in last mile capabilities and infrastructure to decrease fragmentation and to provide more extensive coverage. In addition to the investments in warehousing, distribution and ICT innovations, more and more projects are testing new strategies concerning home deliveries in the European market.

Policy implications

To solve the fragmentation problem research is needed on standard mechanisms of providing and operat-ing process visibility between companies and transporters, irrespective of their country of operation. A key focus should be in relation to the visibility on shipment movement as this is strategically critical to manag-ing the overall supply chain. Facilitation of research on the opportunities to standardise cross company Track&Trace systems is the first action needed.




Theme: Transport Management Last update: 14 July 2006Acronym Project title (in English) Origin Research sub-theme Key findings / Policy implications / Project website or contact Then, optimisation of pick-up systems and last mile logistics solutions in both B2B and B2C market should be targeted. It is these two points of the e-Fulfilment that impose the most severe inefficiencies on trans-porters. Co-ordination and exchange of these research projects and pilots that exist on local level should be the key.

Project website

www.e-thematic.org

EYE IN THE SKY New Services for (i) Fleet manage-ment and customised mobility infor-mation plus (ii) Emergency support for crises during large-scale events, based on the use of low-altitude plat-forms and floating car data

EU Road, railway and air traffic management

Key findings

• Development and validation of intelligent transport infrastructures based on the synergy of surveillance, communications and geographic information/digital mapping technologies;

• near real-time downloading and acquisition of sensor data to ground station and near real time proc-essing of the data into traffic information;

• definition and analysis of mobility management services with a view to create a commercially viable company offering services to individual end users (drivers) and also to the public authorities (transport operators etc.); and

• exploitation of state-of-the-art technologies for the production of cost-effective general interest services, facilitating daily citizen needs.

Policy implications

“Eye in the Sky” addresses a whole series of EU policy issues, including one of the key-issues addressed in the Key Action I of the Fifth Framework Programme of Research, by aiming to provide an innovative system that improves services to the citizen and strengthens the European position in the global ITS mar-ket. Furthermore, the project specifically addresses policies related to “The deployment of Road Transport in Europe”, “The citizen’s network” and the “Urban agenda in the European level”.

Project website

None

F-MAN Rail Car Asset Management EU Freight traffic management

Key findings

F-MAN prototype, designed to provide Railway Cargo Operator (RCOs) fleet managers with innovative tools to control his wagon fleet, and to enhance the productivity of wagons. The F-MAN prototype consists of: • Tracking System Module (TSM) to locate wagons wherever they are in Europe, and to retrieve wagon

status information (loaded, unloaded, moving, ...); • Data Processing Module (DPM) to progressively estimate the Expected Time of Arrival (ETA) for each

wagon, and to make available all information regarding wagon history; • Asset Management Module (AMM) to propose a proper choice of wagons to comply with clients' or-

ders, according to customisable productivity indicators; • Graphical User Interface (GUI) to present the fleet manager, in an intuitive and user friendly way, wag-

ons position and operating data on geographical maps. Service, support & training for installation and



http://www.e-thematic.org/



use Service, support & training for installation and use deal with all those activities that allow Railway Cargo Operators (RCOs) to properly use the F-MAN tools.

Policy implications

MAN impacts positively on the implementation of the Information Society and Telecommunication policy. It aims at providing tools that make the management of railcar fleet possible under a European coverage, something that is currently impossible. F-MAN is also an important key to the completion of a freight-related information society. For instance, it would be possible to make available the state of the shipment, or the additional costs due to over routing to the customer requiring the shipment (or to the consignee), with integration of F-MAN with already existing or brand-new software for shipment tracing, or to common EDI systems. F-MAN has positive impacts on the implementation of the EU Transport policy. It enables efficiency-improvements, and thus increased capacity and productivity, in the European rail freight trans-port network. It therefore contributes to ncreasing the competitiveness of rail transport with respect to road. It does this by contributing to: • Rail network interoperability; • Operational cost reductions; • Improved network coverage throughout the EU; and • Development of a single market for rail.

Project website

www.fmain.org

GAUSS Galileo and UMTS Synergetic Sys-tem


Key findings

The trials demonstrated how the GAUSS technology and applications can improve mobility and transport management, by providing innovative services and creating favourable technical conditions for enhancing both the quality and the efficiency, while maintaining safety standards. The assessment, done with the im-portant contribution of ARNI, participating as real user of the GAUSS technology and solution, verified the impacts that the GAUSS technology and applications produce, in terms of improved operational efficiency, service quality provision, working conditions and market opportunities.

Policy implications

GAUSS results open the way to the development and exploitation of advanced technology supporting high quality, reliable and effective services to the citizens for the transport sector and whole mobility domain, in view of GALILEO and UMTS scenarios: emergency assistance, safety-of-life applications, fleet and freight transport management (rail, road, maritime and inland waterway), dangerous goods transportation and containers tracking.

Project website

galileo.cs.telespazio.it/gauss

GECOTRAM Electronic system for container circu-lation management in multimodal transport for European integration on the transport corridors across Ro-mania

RO

Project website

www.district1.ro/gecotram/



http://www.fmain.org/

http://www.galileo.cs.telespazio.it/gauss

http://www.district1.ro/gecotram/


Theme: Transport Management Last update: 14 July 2006Acronym Project title (in English) Origin Research sub-theme Key findings / Policy implications / Project website or contact IMPROVERAIL IMPROVEd tools for RAILway infra-

structure capacity and access man-agement

EU Road, Railway and Air Traffic Manage-ment

Key findings

A methodological framework along with a self-assessment management tool was developed, aiming at supporting BPR way of thinking among Railway Infrastructure Manager (IM), according to the general prin-ciples of Business Process Reengineering (BPR), but in attention to the specificities of BPR in Railway In-frastructure Management. This generic but innovative BPR methodology is supported by inputs accured from the cross sectional work carried out in IMPROVERAIL. The main concern driving its development has been the easiness in use and applicability in most IM structures. The IMPROVERAIL has attempted to segment railway companies as production, commercial and market oriented organisations, which is required in order to compare the appropriateness of the technique in dif-ferent circumstances. Representative processes were therefore chosen in each of the three identified ar-eas of the organisation: operational, commercial and managerial. The BPR methodological framework pro-vided in IMPROVERAIL consisted of 5 phases: Understand the environment, Set the Objectives, Use tools to accomplish them, Produce outputs and Recommend activities/implementation. This framework is also as a software Toolbox, featuring an interactive electronic book, complemented by a user’s manual. During IMPROVERAIL, pilot case studies were carried out. The following aspects were studied: • Prospective Network Capacity Management; • Long Term Planning; • Short Term Planning; • Life Cycle Cost (LCC) in Infrastructure Management; • Allocation of Network Capacity and Charging Issues; • Railway Infrastructure Benchmarking – identification of best practices; • Information Systems in railways.

Policy implications

By proposing the split of train Operation from the Network Possession and Management, the EU has paved the way to a deep structural change aiming to enable better economical usage of the railway as-sets, further creating the conditions for competitiveness in railway transports; to a large extent due to the fact that the concept of a Public Railway (for long, kept away from private sector logic), has progressively proven problematic, at the cost of growing operation deficits, which are today urgent to keep under tight control. In that sense, splitting operation from network was, naturally, a milestone. Business processes need to be split. This is necessarily a crucial challenge for railway, as the IM need now to balance the “income from infrastructure charges”, based on effective (but complex) cost analysis. This is however simply absent most of the times, as it depends on information that cannot be easily and readily obtained. Another challenge is to balance revenues from charging core activities with “State funding”. Also neces-sary will be to manage “infrastructure expenditures” while reducing the costs of provision of infrastructure and the level of access charges “with due regard to safety and to maintaining and improving the quality of the infrastructure service”. As the transport industry becomes more international and deregulated, rail transport in Europe should be able to take actions looking at the EU dimension rather the individual Member States. Moreover, IMs should develop specific measures based on a strategic definition of long term goals, accounting for the thorough understanding of the new requirements of railway undertakers and stakeholders in general. The main challenges for Railway IM contributing to the overall success of the railway sector are associ-ated to the following topics: • Competitiveness concerns and commitment towards intermodality;




Theme: Transport Management Last update: 14 July 2006Acronym Project title (in English) Origin Research sub-theme Key findings / Policy implications / Project website or contact • optimisation of railway capacity based on maintenance and renewal planning tools; • promote smooth infrastructure provision across EU Member States; • reaching higher efficiency in network provision and capacity allocation; • specification of data requirements for the development of information systems; • foster financial sustainability of railway Infrastructure Management; • promote continuous improvement and implement best practices • clarifying the role of charging in promoting access to services including the different capacity allocation

strategies combined with the levying of the charges; • discussing the adherence of Marginal Cost pricing principles to the recent EC Directives; and • quality of the infrastructure for the valuation of the provided service.

Project website

www.tis.pt/proj/improverail/improverail.htm

INFOTRAFIC Advanced pilot platform for online road traffic management in accor-dance with the development of the national social-economical environ-ment towards the European integra-tion requirements

RO


None

INTERFACE Improvement of intermodal terminal freight operations at border crossing terminal

EU

Project website

www.uniroma1.it/interface/

INTRASEA Inland Transports on Sea Routes EU Freight traffic management

Key findings

The INTRASEA Vision 2020+ sets up seven areas demonstrating the expected state of the art in the Baltic Sea Region by 2020 as a result of increased use of inland waterway transports, combined or not, with other modes of transport. The road safety and environmental targets have been met thanks to increased inland waterway shipments; IT supported logistical systems are “waterproof”.

Policy implications

The project has identified obstacles for the development of inland water shipping: on the one hand, insuffi-cient water deeps, too small river dimensions and low bridges and on the other hand, lack of marketing of inland waterways possibilities, political awareness and also insufficient cooperation between agencies in-volved in water transport.

Project website

www.intrasea.org



http://www.tis.pt/proj/improverail/improverail.htm

http://www.uniroma1.it/interface/

http://www.intrasea.org/


Theme: Transport Management Last update: 14 July 2006Acronym Project title (in English) Origin Research sub-theme Key findings / Policy implications / Project website or contact MNS System for advanced monitoring of

the means of transport and freight mobility in multimodal transport - Multimodal Network System

EU Freight traffic management


None

MOBISERVICE CENTRE

Mobility management service cen-tres

EU Traffic information

Key findings

The result of the study was a report showing: • The range of services offered by the leading European MSCs; • the concepts of these MSCs; • the benefits and implications for organisation; and • resources and investment/operating costs. The project: • Examined a wide range of organisational aspects and methods regarding the MSCs; • analysed multi-modal systems and services; • provided by the leading Mobility Management and Service Centres in Europe; • identified requirements for improving provided services to achieve a high level standardisation; and • examined transferability of the component systems and services. Results included guidelines and recommendations for the transferability of systems and services from one Centre, city or region to another. The diverse range of systems and services provided by MSCs include: • Traffic management (Urban Traffic Control) and monitoring (delays/congestion information); • route plans; • PT management (bus priority, selective vehicle detection); • network monitoring; • scheduling/co-ordination of services; • booking/ hiring/ sharing (cars, taxis, bisycle); • parking information; • ticketing; • tourism information; • services for elderly and disabled; • services for freight delivery/distribution; and • green commuter plans.

Policy implications

MSCs are intelligent infrastructures for data capture, processing, exchange and distribution covering all transport modes to support traffic and demand management, integrated sustainable transport operations in cities and regions, including rural areas and trans-European networks. MSCs contribute towards the de-velopment of a user friendly information society and address several aspects identified as ‘the main focus’ of the IST programme. These include: improving accessibility to information; enhancing user friendliness; increasing the relevance and quality of public services; empowering citizens (especially as customers); ensuring universally available access and intuitiveness of interfaces; and encouraging ‘design for all’.

Project website

www.mobiservice.org.uk



http://www.centrico.org/


Theme: Transport Management Last update: 14 July 2006Acronym Project title (in English) Origin Research sub-theme Key findings / Policy implications / Project website or contact MOSCA Decision-support System for Inte-

grated Door-to-door Delivery: Plan-ning and Control in Logistic Chains

EU Freight traffic management

Key findings

The project results are tools for improving the efficiency of door-to-door transport of goods in urban areas by providing both demand and supply side information in a system. Results are modules enabling and supporting planning decision both for private and public operators where tours, network structure, traffic regulation measures, etc, are concerned. This set of tools implements services for shortest path finding, vehicle route planning, on-line vehicle rout-ing planning, urban shop delivery planning, etc. Main project outcome are therefore validated prototypes for demand services and integrated supply-oriented traffic and transport model together with user-oriented decision support system (DSS). MOSCA software includes the following modules: • MOSCA-FREIGHT: the module allows the calculation of business traffic and freight transport demand

matrices of a city or region. The module can be integrated in an overall model structure including a pas-senger transport demand model (VISEVA) and a network/assignment model (VISUM). Based on this model detailed analyses of the commercial transport in connection with the passenger transport are possible.

• MOSCA-SUSTAIN: the module allows the calculation of noise emissions and the according social costs.

• MOSCA-SHORT: the heuristic algorithm for the robust shortest path is very suitable to be applied to real problems. The results of the tests suggest that it is the fastest algorithm available at present to solve robust shortest path problems, at least on road networks.

• MOSCA-NET: a web service to manage preferred delivery locations for recipients of freight consign-ments. Its primary objective is to serve as an information hub for delivery data, accessed by private customers and logistics service providers.

• MOSCA-LINE: an algorithm to plan online deliveries, in front of unexpected events such as a new cus-tomer request or a traffic jam. MOSCA-LINE is able to reorganize the next stops on the basis of the available information. The module can also gather information about the traffic conditions from the in-coming communications from vehicles and it can use this information to produce better plans, taking into account new traffic situations.

• MOSCA-SHOP: a web service to schedule the reservation of ramp access for urban freight deliveries. MOSCA-SHOP provides information on free dock access and allows booking of access time slots. Us-ing MOSCA-SHOP functionality, dock reservations and delivery instructions are passed to the carrier and incoming requests are sent to the shop.

• MOSCA-TOUR: an algorithm to plan delivery tours for a vehicle fleet if variable traffic conditions are given. After receiving all input data, the algorithm calculates the most efficient vehicle routes. The result is a set of optimized routes that is output back to the logistics application software.

Policy Implications

MOSCA project challenge can no longer be seen in a narrow national perspective since urban good trans-port needs are becoming more and more sophisticated and environmental problems are a global issue. In order to achieve these European objectives, innovative management tools have to be implemented in Europe and the Accession Countries on a common basis. This will enable integration and interoperability at European level. Therefore, the development of innovative tools and methods for management of freight delivery in the city centers must be addressed at a European rather than national or private level since only in this way it is possible to harmonize the different settings dependant on specific local characteris-tics.




Theme: Transport Management Last update: 14 July 2006Acronym Project title (in English) Origin Research sub-theme Key findings / Policy implications / Project website or contact Project website

www.idsia.ch/mosca/

MUSSST Multimodal safety satellite system for transport

EU


None

MYSTIC Towards Origin – Destination Matri-ces for Europe

EU


None

NECL North East Cargo Link EU Freight traffic management

Key findings

Achievements of the project so far 'A Regional functionality analyses for the Mid Nordic Region' has been procured and presented in the early autumn 2005. Goods-flows in the Mid Nordic area with respect to vol-umes, type of goods and destination have been investigated Further a survey of the status of the transport corridor is under way as regards see-, rail-, and road transports. This will especially focus on deficiencies in capacity, standard, bottlenecks and missing links. NECL has co-ordinated the Swedish stakeholders, including a number of public authorities and industries, in a strong paper in favour of upgrading the Meråker railway addressed to the Norwegian Railroad Author-ity in response to the proposed action programme for investments in the Norwegian railroads. The most severe shortcoming in the Mid Nordic Region has been the missing ferry link over the Baltic Sea between Västernorrland in Sweden and Ostrobothnia in Finland. The work NECL put into the solving of this problem has born fruit in a new ferry line for goods (and passengers) between Vasa in Finland and Sundsvall in Sweden. NECL has with regional and local interests participated in a call to the Finnish Par-liament with the purpose to underline the importance of straightened the stretch of road between Ätheri - Multia on road 18 between Vasa and Jyväskylä. NECL has held a number of consultations with Chambers of Commerce in the Mid Nordic area. A lasting institutional co-operation between the Chambers of Com-merce in the Mid Nordic Region in development issues of joint interest is one of the objectives within the NECL project. ('The Chamber snake' ). As far as the westbound connections are concerned NECL has developed contacts with representatives for strategic harbours, shipping companies, terminals, transport authorities and trade and industry at the English east coast. Regarding the eastbound connections from the Mid Nordic area the project has made a pre-study that illustrates the goods flows from the area to Asia. NECL has, based on the results from the pre-study investigated the possibilities to use the Trans Siberian railway for exports to and from Asia.

Policy implications

By the autumn 2005 the main part of the basic information will be available in order to constitute a Strategy for the Mid Nordic Transport Corridor. Cost estimates for necessary remedial measures in the transport infrastructure will be made and presented. An estimate of what volumes, what kind of goods and by which means of transport can be transported in the corridor provided necessary deficiencies in the infrastructure are taken care of. Resources for goods handling in harbours and other existing terminals are documented as well as an estimate of needs for investments in these and if necessary in new kombi terminals. Envi-ronmental impacts for choices of different means of transport will be illustrated to a certain extent by emis-sion studies. Questions related to border crossing problems will be taken up in the work with the strategy.



http://www.idsia.ch/mosca/


Theme: Transport Management Last update: 14 July 2006Acronym Project title (in English) Origin Research sub-theme Key findings / Policy implications / Project website or contact A final prototype of an Internet portal for freight and trade will be presented. By the turn of the year 2005/ 2006 a first draft of the Strategy can be presented as a base for discussions with the industries, the trans-port sector, transport authorities, political bodies on local, regional and national level in the different par-ticipating countries. After this broad circulation for consideration by the parties concerned a final proposal for an overall strategy for development and marketing of the Mid Nordic Transport Corridor will be worked out. The Strategy addresses itself to political decision makers and transport authorities for consideration in their making up their long term planning for the infrastructure. The non-profit organisation North East Cargo Link alliance (NECLA) will take over the results and the responsibility for the further work to pro-mote the development of the Mid Nordic Transport Corridor after the closure of the Interreg project.

Project website

www.necl.se

OMNI Open Model for Network-wide Het-erogeneous Intersection-based Transport Management

EU


None

OPSPEMAPT Organisation of port Services pro-duction and Efficiency Management - Administration of Passenger Ter-minals

GR


None

PARIS Performance Analysis of Road Infra-structure

EU

Project website

paris.zag.si/

PREFTRAN Preference system for tramways ES Urban traffic management


None

PRISCILLA Bus Priority Strategies and Impact Scenarios Developed on a Large Urban Area


Key findings

State of the art review: • Study in Genoa, Southampton and Toulouse bus priority systems; • effectiveness and expansion of bus priority systems; • different institutional/operational models affect the implementation and commitment to bus priority; • evaluation of the most advanced systems for bus priority at traffic signals in European cities; • local actions are extending bus priority systems in most cities but little evidence of network-wide strate-

gic approaches are taken.



http://www.necl.se/

http://www.paris.zag.si/


Theme: Transport Management Last update: 14 July 2006Acronym Project title (in English) Origin Research sub-theme Key findings / Policy implications / Project website or contact Evaluation results: • Benefits of the strategies (travel times, punctuality) induce a real improvement of service quality; • difficulties in deploying the system from small to wide scale in a city area; • bus priority focuses on traffic signal junctions, bus stops and links between junctions; • bus priority is only one of the means used for the improvement of bus network; • during traffic perturbation by unusual events, bus priority has no positive impact; • use of pertinent indicators (commercial travel time, crossing speeds and punctuality, etc); • bus drivers have a good feeling of the system, even if traffic conditions do not allow a clear perception

of benefits; • cost benefit analyses show that the first year of return is favourable. Best Practice Guide: • System feasibility (political support, adequate funding, commitment and co-operation from authorities

and bus service providers); • the simplest option of system design is chosen with future expansion and enhancements; • assessment and evaluation of benefits and control strategy options (improving speeds, punctuality/

regularity, varying the level of priority); • system implementation requires considerable time and effort in planning and undertaking the work

(system procurement, negotiation of work to be done, allocation of roles/responsibilities, installation, testing and tuning of equipment);

• bus priority system needs to be evaluated for technical performance, effectiveness for providing bene-fits to passengers and impact on general traffic;

• system expansion only if users are satisfied with current system. CEEC dissemination: 2 workshops were attended by many actors involved in bus priority systems and a good awareness on ITS systems has been achieved. There are 4 larger cities in Romania acting for coming to a certain strategy in order to take benefit of such systems within their PT network. Operators and local authorities had started investigations in finding best solutions for monitoring the traffic, including PT network.

Policy implications

PRISCILLA is contributing to reconciliation of the increased demand for transport with the need to protect the physical, social and human environment. It helps EU to meet the objectives of the Common Transport Policy and national policies promoting sustainability and enhancing the quality of transport services. It ad-dresses the aims of life quality, protection of the environment, industrial competitiveness, employment op-portunities and cost-effectiveness of public money, as bus priority strategies on urban areas encourages modal shift in favour of PT. Another issue is the deployment of new skills and allocation of roles; the real time dialog between the Urban Traffic Control operators and the Bus Control Centre operators is becom-ing the “core” of mobility management (prioritisation of routes, level of priority to be given to different direc-tions, configuration of several parameters needed to manage bus priority systems within the traffic signals algorithm and the communication systems). Cost-effectiveness of public money is an issue addressed by bus priority on large areas; even if in different contexts in Europe PT is partly funded by public funds.

Project website

www.trg.soton.ac.uk/priscilla/



http://www.trg.soton.ac.uk/priscilla/


Theme: Transport Management Last update: 14 July 2006Acronym Project title (in English) Origin Research sub-theme Key findings / Policy implications / Project website or contact PROMAIN Progress in Maintenance and Man-

agement of Railway Infrastructure EU Road, railway and air traffic management

Key findings

The Thematic Network ProM@in has managed to enhance the performance of railway infrastructure through the application of innovative knowledge, tools and methodologies. ProM@in has achieved to: • Establish co-operation between users and parties who can provide solutions; • make available the results of research and technological developments; • investigate and apply better construction principles, management and safety approaches; • identify needs for further actions in Europe (research, political measures, necessary funding in favour

of a sustainable mobility provided by railways); and • collect and disseminate knowledge about highly performant slab tracks and study these systems' ad-

vantages and disadvantages. Prom@in has published its own journal "Innovations for Railway Track" in three editions presenting sev-eral aspects of railway. The team came to the following conclusions: • Quality management is not in the centre of Infrastructure Managers' interest; • European rail freight has bad communication across borders; • potential of Life-Cycle-Costing for cost reduction is not exploited; and • outsourcing needs specific tailoring.

Policy Implications

ProMain is technically oriented and was designed to enhance the performance of the railway infrastructure in maintenance and management. EU policies involvement has two facets: policy implementation (Pro-Main defines and solves tasks which have a considerable impact on the realisation of EU policies) and policy initiatives (ProMain contributes to the development of policies in statu nascendi and makes propos-als for new railway policies on its own). For the implementation of EU policies the ProMain approach took into consideration the 3 major basic policy principles: single market, sustainable mobility and the EU enlargement (application areas have been sought for all classes of Trans-European railway networks). Seven tasks have been defined with regard to their impact on the implementation of the three major policy principles and their different logical consequences. All tasks envisage the preparation of a field for future R & D activities which as such is itself a contribution to policy initiation. To get access to valuable knowledge sources and to receive support for the implementation of results, ProMain has established contacts to pol-icy makers up to the level of the European Commission.

Project website

www.promain.org

PROTRANS Role of Third Pary Logistics Service Providers and their Impact on Trans-port


Key findings

• Snapshot of the 3PL market in Europe and ranking of logistics regions; • benchmark defined best practices and success/failure factors (connections, terminals, accessibility and

investments). Main results are: • 3PLPs differences in terms of activities, operating costs, land availability and networking facilities; • the need of logistics market for a typology to identify and compare logistics regions; • IMT shippers’ and 3PLPs’ different perception of developments in 3PLPs proactive behaviour; • implications of modal choice on sustainable competitiveness and growth;



http://www.promain.org/


Theme: Transport Management Last update: 14 July 2006Acronym Project title (in English) Origin Research sub-theme Key findings / Policy implications / Project website or contact • the importance of integral strategic logistics vision with public and private partners; • high impact of 3PLPs’ behaviours on the share of IMT and potential for improvement of 3PLPs activi-

ties; • regions are developing further to more international orientated regions; • the use of 3PLPs is believed to improve road transport and IMT efficiency-evaluation of scenarios; • a clear view on the importance of 3PLPs’ activity in the development of an integrated freight transport

system, in EU economy and competitiveness and in current and future state of IMT; • identifying barriers and opportunities: barriers are either inherent to IMT or rooted in the missing ser-

vice offerings for IMT. Opportunities arise from the fact that shippers are more and more turning to out-sourcing strategies, in operational areas and in information/knowledge based logistics management. Transport, taxation and environment regulations provide opportunities to shift from road transport to IMT. 3PLPs should develop strategies based on action variables, which they can influence. The impor-tance of the leading variables varies per industry.

Policy implications

The benchmark is an assessment tool that can be used by policy makers to develop logistics, but also by shippers and 3PLPs to gain insight in the regional variances, strengths and weaknesses. • For more efficient logistics, further outsourcing and improvement of IMT is required; • regulatory measures on transport, taxation and environment increase the use of IMT; • policymakers should align infrastructure plans at all levels, in order to provide efficient transport connec-

tions and stimulate integrated logistics strategies in regions, in which public and private partners partici-pate for the development of an integral strategic logistics vision of a region;

• future roles for 3PLPs are to act as Pan-European integrators and liability guarantors (‘Freight Integra-tor’ - initiative as outlined in the White Paper);

• 3PLPs can implement IMT related strategies fostering the use of road-rail. Based on PROTRANS European policymakers need to act towards: • Logistic centres for (de)consolidation nearby or in conjunction with a rail terminal; • improvement of railway and access to rail capacity; • development of transfer points between modes and IMT units; • harmonizing regulations; • better marketing of IMT; • revenue sharing between operators according to reliability; • criteria for assessing the impact of IMT on environment, employment, social and regional development; • logistics, tariff, administration and physical integration.

Project website

www.logistik.tu-berlin.de/sulogtra+protrans/protrans/

RAIL Reliability centred maintenance (RCM) approach for the infrastruc-ture and logistics of railway opera-tion


Project website

www.datsi.fi.upm.es/~rail/index.html



http://www.logistik.tu-berlin.de/sulogtra+protrans/protrans/

http://www.datsi.fi.upm.es/~rail/index.html


Theme: Transport Management Last update: 14 July 2006Acronym Project title (in English) Origin Research sub-theme Key findings / Policy implications / Project website or contact RATAMA The modelling of freight transport of

the building product industry in Finland

FI


None

REGENT Evolved regulator of new technology ES


None

RISVD River Information Services as part of the pan-European RIS system - test center in the Ministry of Transport

SK

Project website

www.rely-europe.com

S224J Effects of Road Engineering Modifi-cations On Child Pedestrian Skills Development

UK

Project website

www.rmd.dft.gov.uk/project.asp?intProjectID=10115

SAMRAIL Safety management in railways EU Road, railway and air traffic management

Key findings

SAMRAIL has: • Proposed a commonly agreed structure for the Safety Management System (SMS) comprising of a

number of different elements, specifies requirements and guidance for each element; • proposed a risk management approach along with a definition of the railway system and accident sce-

narios; and • proposed two types of safety targets, i.e. global targets for measuring member states' performance,

and safety levels for measuring performance of individual railway functions.

Policy Implications

The national safety rules are based on national standards and practice, and provide the basis for achiev-ing the national safety targets. They are also rooted in the respective safety culture, however, can pose technical barriers to open market at the same time. The Safety Directive recognises that the Technical Specifications for Interoperability (TSI) are insufficient to provide definitions of all aspects of systems and operation, therefore recommending that - where necessary - complementary national safety standards could be applied. Under the Interoperability Directives the notification of all such standards are required. The Safety Directive also requires notification of national safety rules. So far, notification of national rules has yet to commence, and identification of national standards associated with the TSI implementation has been carried out by only a few member state railways. It is very difficult to evaluate which national stan-dards have been notified.

Project website

samnet.inrets.fr



http://www.rely-europe.com/

http://www.rmd.dft.gov.uk/project.asp?intProjectID=10115

http://www.samnet.inrets.fr/


Theme: Transport Management Last update: 14 July 2006Acronym Project title (in English) Origin Research sub-theme Key findings / Policy implications / Project website or contact SENSOR Secondary Road Network Traffic

Management Strategies - Handbook for Data Collection, Communication and Organisation

EU

Project website (or contact)None

SERTI Southern European Road Telemat-ics Implementation

EU

Project websitewww.serti-mip.com

SMART NETS Signal Management in Real Time for Urban Traffic Networks


Key findings

SMART NETS’ main contribution to the state-of-the-art was the provision of an easy-to-implement, inter-operable, easily transferable traffic control strategy that can provide a very efficient performance with a minimum amount of fine-tuning. In this way, the project has significantly contributed towards the develop-ment of an innovative traffic control strategy that can be easily and quickly implemented and can provide a significant reduction of travel times within urban traffic networks.

Policy Implications

SMART NETS addresses a whole series of EU policy issues, most prominently some of those addressed by Key Action I of the Fifth Framework Programme of Research, by aiming to provide an innovative sys-tem that improves services to the citizen and strengthens the European position in the global ITS market. SMART NETS specifically addresses policies described in the Commission communications: “Community Strategy and Framework for the Deployment of Road Transport Telematics in Europe”, “The Future De-velopment of the Common Transport Policy”, “The Citizen’s Network”, and the “Directive on Air Quality”.

Project website

www.smart-nets.napier.ac.uk

SOMOLEACTRU Urban road transport - modern solu-tions for limitation of the adverse ef-fects on the environment and health. Case study for Bucharest municipal-ity

RO


None

STADSBOX City-Box – Small loading unit for ur-ban distribution

NL


None



http://www.serti-mip.com/

http://www.smart-nets.napier.ac.uk/


Theme: Transport Management Last update: 14 July 2006Acronym Project title (in English) Origin Research sub-theme Key findings / Policy implications / Project website or contact STREETWISE Seamless Travel Environment for

Efficient Transport in the Western Isles of Europe


Project website

www.streetwise-info.org

SULOGTRA Supply Chain Management, Logis-tics and Transport


Key findings

The SULOGTRA project generally achieved to: • Analyse the effects of supply chain and logistics trends on the transport system; and • assess opportunities for improving supply chain performance by: • Identifying the logistics/supply chain trends; • examining the decision making process; • developing scenarios within the different sectors for the following 10 years; • comparing experiences in logistics and SCM (it analysed the situation in Asia and the US). The examination of the decision-making process showed possibilities of moving the transport decision to the design phase. Key performance indicators were identified in order to develop different parameters as the basis for improvement of supply chains. The project also developed SCM metrics, mapping tools and benchmarking procedures (i.e: a set of supply chain indicators allowing the collection, analysis and mapping of logistics data for the planned case studies). A method was developed for assessing the potential for supply chain improvement for application and testing in the case studies and finally best practice was established and disseminated. Finally, the project investigated the process of value creation in supply chains and the relationship between logistical activities and economic development. All above tasks culminated in carrying out case studies, where companies were questioned on subjects such as supply chain integration and collaboration, the application of information and communication technologies, network and transport optimisation.

Policy implications

The White Book on Common Transport Policy presented a core set of orientations which impact directly in SCM trends. Because of its repercussion in other sectors of economic activity and the current societal concerns towards a sustainable development, the environmental policy constitutes today the foreground of any debate. Another set of issues which have captured the attention of policy makers and are likely to offer new developments impinging on SCM trends are those related to infrastructure (harmonisation of fuel taxation, internalisation of external costs, pricing and charging, improvement of quality and safety in road sector). Another set of wider social and economic concerns was also taken in consideration in the analysis of policy issues affecting SCM and finally, enterprise policy was taken into account as an ‘horizontal’ policy, since it ‘crosses’ all the above-considered policies, and ‘touching’ the same points within each of them. The main concerns of the enterprise policy are, within the context of SULOGTRA related to competitiveness issues, access to the European markets and small and medium sized enterprise (SME) policy. EU policy measures (White and Green Papers and Directives) produce many indirect impacts in logistics and SCM, seen from the point of view of the global political and legislative framework. From the large spectrum of EU policies, five sets of impacting policies have been clearly identified and prioritised: transport, environmental, infrastructure, social and economical and enterprise policies. In fact, logistics and SCM activities have not yet been clearly ‘targeted’ by EU policies. Although the White Paper defines areas for future action in the field of logistics no tangible action has yet been taken.



http://www.streetwise-info.org/


Theme: Transport Management Last update: 14 July 2006Acronym Project title (in English) Origin Research sub-theme Key findings / Policy implications / Project website or contact Project website

www.logistik.tu-berlin.de/sulogtra/

TASKU Tracking and Tracing of Freight Transport

FI Freight traffic management

Key findings

Surveys of interest groups suggest that there is still very little tracking and tracing of cargo units, and the existing systems are mostly manual. Only the largest logistics operators have access to more high-tech systems that are often tailored for individual clients. But the need for more efficient operations within transport chains calls for the development of more extensive systems that can process data on several parties and goods categories. The main obstacles to the creation of such a tracking and tracing system are the wide range of standards currently in use and the lack of common operating models. Additional insecurity for system implementation is caused by the speed at which technology is advancing in this field. The first parties to implement the new kinds of tracking and tracing systems will most likely be the major transport chain operators. In the future, the data included with each cargo unit will be able to be read by a variety of technologies. One possible solution is a combination of bar code, RF tag and written information. The parties involved will have to decide on matters associated with the information content, data security and safety.

Policy implications

None


None

Toki Supply chain as a key to competi-tiveness

FI


None

TOSCA Technological and Operational Sup-port for Car sharing


Key findings

The project achieved to transfer innovative technological tools of car-sharing for setting up a car-sharing system in Bologna from the City of Bremen. Then it developed and implemented a pilot application of car-sharing in the city of Bologna, based on the implementation and business concept of the system in Bre-men. The car-sharing system provided 24-hrs service accessibility, offering an alternative solution to the private car and offered a fee structure based on mileage, preventing from driving more than really neces-sary. Thus, it provided high quality customer services, modern strategies and technological tools for man-aging the transport demand and an alert in supporting the newest transport models. The hardware and software components of the Car-sharing organisation and communication system (CO-COS) were used for setting up a system starting with 9 vehicles fleet placed at three locations in the cen-tre of Bologna and involving a users group of about 100 customers. It provided a reliable, user-friendly and efficient car-sharing management by setting up an electronic booking and accounting system for transfer-ring trip data from car-sharing vehicles to the booking centre. The results of the project and best practices of car-sharing were disseminated in order to increase awareness on the system benefits and potentials amongst transport policy decision-makers and users in Europe.



http://www.logistik.tu-berlin.de/sulogtra/


Theme: Transport Management Last update: 14 July 2006Acronym Project title (in English) Origin Research sub-theme Key findings / Policy implications / Project website or contact The project is regarded as successful as: • Survey results and the growth in use tendency has shown users acceptance; • political commitment that ATC will become the only car-sharing provider in the future perspective to run

a service with up to 40-50 vehicles in Italy; and • cities in the whole country have shown interest.

Policy implications

Through its activities for facilitating the take up of IST-based car sharing and the expertise of already exist-ing best-practice examples of car sharing, the TOSCA project gives considerable support to a number of transport- and environment-related policy objectives of the EU. The promotion of the idea of car sharing, as a very important element of an environmentally oriented urban transport policy, meets the objectives of all the EU policy documents calling for a more sustainable urban development. The contribution of TOSCA to the environment and transport policies of the European Commission is crucial, since it facilitates the im-plementation of a more sustainable urban transport policy in very concrete and low-cost terms. The Green Paper clearly defines its objective to reduce the dependence of cars by making public passenger transport more attractive, usable, more flexible and better suited to the requirements of the users. This paper explic-itly recognises the benefits of car-sharing as an element of intermodal services. It argues that car-sharing emphasises the benefits for public transport because car sharing fills the “mobility gap” to supplement the mobility services as a full alternative to the private car. By promoting the experience exchange of car shar-ing the DG Environment in close co-operation with Car Free Cities and the City of Bremen recognised the value of car-sharing for environment protection air quality and sustainable urban development.

Project website

www.streetwise-info.org

TRAVEL-GUIDE Traveller and Traffic Information Systems: Guidelines for the En-hancement of Integrated Information Provision Services


Key findings

The main objectives of TRAVEL-GUIDE were to: • Develop guidelines for traffic related information provision by in car and infrastructure based systems; • assess the information needs of the end-users; and • test new information provision methods. The project relates to the transport management topic of driver information systems. In addition this pro-ject contributes to the following transport management sub themes: traffic information; and urban traffic management. For the project 8 pilot studies in total have been performed by the TRAVEL-GUIDE partners investigating different issues and problems. In total 63 guidelines have been produced covering Pre-trip information systems, On-trip in-vehicle information systems, on-trip roadside information systems. Some of the key re-sults are that: • The less a driver is involved in interactions with a system the higher a system's contribution to traffic

safety is graded. It seems to be reasonable to restrict provision of information not directly related to car control and manoeuvring to non-driving situations and to reduce the amount of information of all on-trip messages to a minimum.

• The system should also provide background information like type of incident, benefit of the new route etc. in order to reduce the mental strain of the drivers.

• Contradictions between in-vehicle and roadside information systems have to be avoided. Otherwise drivers have to solve difficult and distracting cognitive conflicts resulting in drastic decreases of traffic



http://www.streetwise-info.org/



safety. • Balancing a high system functionality offering many user options with an increased mental strain

caused by higher system complexity is certainly an important issue for further development, especially regarding the required adaptation of traffic information provision to road-user subgroups and individual preferences, as all adaptation options will necessarily result in higher system complexity.

• Providing info from some systems (i.e. DVD, Internet), while the car is at zero speed is not enough, as it might just be stopped at a traffic light. Their input should ideally be limited to engine-off situations. In this way, however one actually separates the use of such systems from the car and thus affects the in-dustrial interest of car manufacturers that wish to include such systems (already cars with Internet and DVD exist, at least at prototype level). The complex issue of establishing scenarios of use and priorities for them is dealt within COMUNICAR project of DG INFSO.

Policy Implications

A whole series of implications for policy can be deduced from this projects final report and some are in-cluded here: • Pre-trip information systems Regional and national traffic information services should be connected to

a traffic information service for the whole Pan-European road network. Although advanced Internet sites provide information already in several languages a user-selected output language choice should be standard.

• Demand spreading by intermodal information provision has to be intensified. Pre-trip information should be provided adapted to the needs of different road-user subgroups. Succeeding steps have to deal with customisation of internet-based pre-trip information services to individual travel criteria.

• Alternative pre-trip information modalities, such as the Traveller Advisory Free Telephone Service or the Highway Advisory Radio, being standardised in USA, should also be promoted as alternative mo-dalities to the Internet or fixed info points.

• On-trip in-vehicle information systems Regarding European trans-national road transport, current sys-tems and services do not support cross-border drivers efficiently. At this point, the potential of digitised traffic messages for foreign drivers has to be emphasised. Further development of in-vehicle systems capable to translate coded messages into a driver's native language should have priority for Trans-European road transport.

• A warning should be issued; the critical spots along a long journey (trans-European networks) are not necessarily (only) at the borders, they cross-different areas and / or regions with different rules, stan-dards etc.

Project website

www.travel-guide.iao.fhg.de

UG116 Accessibility regulations - Economic and Design Specifications

UK Urban traffic management

Key findings

This project provided information on the technical and economic implications of the proposed regulations that were being made under the Disability Discrimination Act 1995. The project has also provided: • An estimate of the additional continuing costs associated with improving access to buses and coaches

as well as to fully (wheelchair) accessible taxis; • An estimate of the additional revenue generated by the fully accessible buses; • An estimate of the total capital costs of achieving a fully accessible bus and taxi fleet.



http://www.travel-guide.iao.fhg.de/


Theme: Transport Management Last update: 14 July 2006Acronym Project title (in English) Origin Research sub-theme Key findings / Policy implications / Project website or contact Policy implications

The project assisted in the preparation of The Public Service Vehicles Accessibility Regulations 2000 and The Public Service Vehicles (Conduct of Drivers, Inspectors, Conductors and Passengers) regulations 2002. It also yielded Regulatory Impact Assessments which permitted to the implementation of the above regulations, but at that time postponed the implementation of equivalent regulations for taxis.

Project website


UG428 Assessing the effect of street works lane rental (pilot schemes)

UK


None

URBAN TRANS-PORT BENCH-MARKING

The Urban Transport Benchmarking Initiative


Key findings

In total 29 cities and regions were represented in year one of the initiative and 39 in year two. Each par-ticipant collected data relating to common indicators. In addition the participants provided data and qualita-tive information for a range of indicators relating to the following themes: (i) Behavioural and Social Issues in Public Transport, (ii) Cycling, (iii) Demand Management, (iv) Public Transport Organisation and Policy. The data was analysed to highlight interesting comparisons and identify key trends. Insights relevant to transport management include: • In the cities with a prevailing public transport modal share public transport is chosen despite a lower

average speed than car, • the costs associated with travelling by car, eg petrol and parking, have an impact on mode choice with

lower car costs resulting in higher car modal share, • cycling is popular where it has been encouraged by investment, • the approaches to developing integrated cycle networks is based either upon bike-and-ride provision,

or the free carriage of bicycles on public transport, • younger people are relatively intensive users of public transport services, • to encourage use of public transport educational activities are best suited for the 10-14 years old

group, marketing and promotion is best suited for the 15-17 years old group, finnacial incentives for the 18-25 years old group,

• quality provisions in contracts between public transport operators and authorities are not always part of a comprehensive approach based on customer perceptions and expectations,

• car use is lower in the most densely populated areas whereas less densely populated cities have higher levels of car use,

• park and ride to discourage trips from the outer region are located at the edge of the metropolitan area, park and ride to intercept trips made by visitors are located closer to the centre.

Policy Implications

Larger cities (more than 1 million inhabitants). The challenge for policy makers is to manage the existing transport infrastructure in order to optimise the use of public transport and reduce car use, primarily through the implementation of demand management measures. The focus should be upon creating oppor-tunities for sustainable modes of transport (walking and cycling) to increase their modal share and improv-ing the accessibility of the existing public transport system in order to provide equality of access for dis-



http://www.rmd.dft.gov.uk/project.asp?intProjectID=9147


Theme: Transport Management Last update: 14 July 2006Acronym Project title (in English) Origin Research sub-theme Key findings / Policy implications / Project website or contact abled people. Medium-sized cities (between 1 million and 300.000). The challenge for policy makers is to balance the pressure of car use through careful demand management and parking controls which increase the cost and reduce the accessibility of private motorised travel, yet simultaneously seek to encourage greater lev-els of public transport use, walking and cycling through the development of infrastructure which reflects the size and stature of the city. Small cities (less than 300.000). Key challenges for policy makers are subtle use of demand management measures aimed primarily at reallocating road space to sustainable modes, the continued development of sustainable modes (walking and cycling) through pedestrian and cycling infrastructure, and the develop-ment of high quality, accessible bus services. Cities in Central and Eastern Europe. The main challenge is to maintain the high levels of public transport use in the face of rising car ownership. Pressure for rapid development of car travel can be regulated by continuing to constrain the size of the urban road networks, which is less than in Western cities, and by integrating the development of urban transport systems with land-use planning. Project website

www.transportbenchmarks.org

WATERMAN-TS Waterborne Traffic and Transport Management - Technical Secretariat


Key findingsThe Waterman Thematic Network prepared a series of synthesis documents on current trends regarding: • Hindrances and constraints affecting data exchanges; • information systems developed for transport logistics; • the rationale and applicability of the Formal Safety Assessment methodology; • the SafeSeaNet network. Guidelines for traffic and transport management related information systems architecture were also devel-oped.

Policy implicationsThe Waterman Thematic Network recommends that more endeavour be devoted to enhance mutual trust between stakeholders involved in traffic and transport management.

Project websitewww.waterman-ts.net/

– Breaking the habitual choice of the private car

DK Urban traffic management

Key findingsThe project investigated possibilities for using newer research in the development of policy interventions with the aim of breaking transport habits and promoting public transport. Besides an improved insight into habits as a key factor, the project tested an untraditional practical tool for the specific influence of habits and behaviour. However, the tool did not prove to have the expected long term effect, at least not in the investigated context.

Policy ImplicationsThe project provided useful information for planners, in particular within the public transport sector.

Project websitewww.akf.dk/projekter/sub/arkiv/trip/alle_projekter/14proj.pdf



http://www.transportbenchmarks.org/

http://www.waterman-ts.net/


Theme: Transport Management Last update: 14 July 2006Acronym Project title (in English) Origin Research sub-theme Key findings / Policy implications / Project website or contact – Congestion plans: Hard-shoulder de-

tectors UK

Project website

www.ha-research.co.uk/projects/index.php?id=634

– Development of an Integrated Man-agement System for Transport based on GSM

ES

Project website

www.setsi.mcyt.es/progarte/Fichas/Microsoft%20Word%20-%20SI%20063%20010f.pdf

– E-Bizz Øresund DK

Project website

www.teknologisk.dk/transport/13413

– Greater Dublin Area Travel Demand Management Study

IE


None

– Managing and financing of urban and regional transport in Europe from the viewpoint of the Hungarian solutions


Key findings

The project after analysing the domestic public transport regulation and comparing it with the planned EU expectations the problem of operation and financing of the Hungarian public transport. There had been pointed out the importance of the knowledge of transport demand and the interrelation between fares, revenues and cost coverage to prepare good contracts. The real costs of transport, the internal and exter-nal costs had been discussed, because the comparison of public transport and individual transport provide sufficient arguments for co-financing of public transport. After analysing the European practice in financing public transport principles for regulation and financing of domestic public transport had been carried out including: • Clarification of servicing provision responsibilities in local and interurban transport; • justifiable operation costs of public transport and handing the loss compensation in the contracts; • aspects of normative support justification and method of distribution; • proposal for a coordinating authority arranging public transport in the region; • proposal for the transition procedure of the regulation of road (bus) public transport; • special issues of rail passenger transport and financing; and • financing sources of urban and regional public transport.

Policy implications

The main finding of the study had been considered at the new act for bus passenger transport and for the “normative support system” of the government towards the municipal governments. Project website (or contact)None



http://www.ha-research.co.uk/projects/index.php?id=634

http://www.teknologisk.dk/transport/13413


Theme: Transport Management Last update: 14 July 2006Acronym Project title (in English) Origin Research sub-theme Key findings / Policy implications / Project website or contact – Information system for decision-

making support in the area of road transport safety

SE


None

– Integrated public transport SE


None

– Monitoring of high occupancy vehi-cles

UK

Project website


– Outward facing research managing travel demand

UK

Project website

www.ha-research.co.uk/projects/index.php?id=17

– Research into improving road traffic safety by means of transport engi-neering and organizational measures

CZ


None

– Specification of objectives of trans-port policy in the area of transport service with emphasis on integrated transport systems

CZ


None

– Synergy effects of management means to decrease congestion and environmental influence

SE

Project website (or contact)None

– Track system for flexible train opera-tion – analyses of different operation principles and the interaction with rail infrastructure

SE

Project websitewww.infra.kth.se/jvg/




Annex II: General information on the Transport Research Knowledge Centre and analysis process used

The Knowledge Centre's background

The EXTR@Web project – Exploitation of Transport Research Results via the Web – at-tempts to collect, structure, analyse and disseminate transport research results, covering not only EU supported but also nationally financed research in the European Research Area (ERA), as well as selected global transport RTD programmes and projects. The EXTR@Web consortium has brought together eight main contractors to combine strong and in-depth technical knowledge of transport technology and of EU and national transport RTD programmes with solid communication and dissemination experience. The current project's direct predecessor, EXTRA (a Fourth Framework Programme Trans-port RTD project), co-ordinated dissemination activities on the European level for the first time. While FP4 addressed transport research on a mode-by-mode basis, the current Fifth Framework Programme (FP5) focuses on generic themes that consequently reflect trans-port policy objectives. The EXTR@Web project will provide support to research at European and national levels by building up and promoting an electronic hub. The key objectives are: • To establish a comprehensive web-based Knowledge Centre, providing structured and

timely access to both detailed and user-oriented summary information on transport re-search programmes and their results across Europe;

• to provide an electronic hub for inter-connecting European and national programmes and individual networks concerned with transport research into an easily navigable European network;

• to establish a common best practice scheme for the structure and content of the re-porting of transport research results;

• to provide high-quality analytical outputs that are structured and tailored according to the type of stakeholder and medium; and

• to raise awareness of the new service, the implications of emerging results, and the wider opportunities under national research programmes across Europe as a whole.

EXTR@Web will provide a comprehensive pool of programme, project and results related information to users, principally in electronic format via the Internet. The approach is based on three main strokes of work covering: • Monitoring, analysis and information preparation; • website and electronic news service, the principal dissemination channels; and • management of knowledge transfer, including dissemination by non-electronic means,

and also the maintenance of a contact database and e-mail enquiry service and evaluation of the performance of EXTR@Web.




Definition of transport research

For inclusion into the Transport Research Knowledge Centre, Transport research pro-grammes and projects have to be within the definition of research and transport simultane-ously. This will define the eligibility of projects.

Definition of research

General OECD definition: "Creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowl-edge, including knowledge of humanity, culture and society, and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications." Additional transport research criteria: • Targeted – in line with transport policy aims, strategies and processes to solve the in-

herent problems for society. • Accessible – a public activity, open to scrutiny by peers. • Transferable – useful beyond the specific research project, applicable in principle to

other researchers and research contexts as well as decision-makers in policy, industry and science.

Definition of transport

In order to clarify expectations from the Transport Research Knowledge Centre, and to en-sure a common understanding of important terms, the Programme Analysis Group of EXTR@Web has come up with the following definition of transport. • Transport is the means by which a person or material of any kind is passed from its

origin to its destination. • Transport comprises:

• the transport users: passenger, business, freight; • the transport vehicles (full life cycle issues); • the transport infrastructure (full life cycle issues); • the transport system: the interaction of users, vehicles and infrastructure; • the impacts of transport: contribution to objectives, and hence to overall sustainabil-

ity; and • the transport tools: methods and instruments to help ensure an effective contribu-

tion to the objectives.




Three levels of analysis

Project level analysis

For European, national and international projects the following harmonized process was agreed: • For each eligible project, the project co-ordinator will be requested to draft a Project

Profile; • the EXTR@Web consortium identifies, for each project all relevant themes (typically

up to five), and provides the project linkage; • for each eligible project, the project co-ordinator will be requested to draft the other

elements of the reporting scheme – Progress Summary and Result Summary – due to the project progress and provides the final report;

• projects with highest relevance and best available final results will be selected for analysis;

• for every such relevant theme within each project a short and concise paragraph – structured with bullet points as appropriate – will be written to present the key findings of the project in relation to the objectives of the theme; and

• this information will be searchable on the Knowledge Centre website.

Thematic analysis

The thematic analysis has been exploiting existing project level analysis. The consolidated project wise findings have been structured and analysed along 30 themes, which are fixed for the project life time and fed into annual Thematic Research Summaries and Annual Compendia. However, for reporting purposes Thematic Research Summaries have been limited to 28 volumes (cf. Chapter 1). The sequence of outputs has been comprising an explanation of the overall structure, and regular reports treating national, European and international research in a comprehensive way. Deliverable

number Title Release date

(final version)

D2.A "Thematic structure and definitions – all themes" August 2006 D2.B "European, national and international project database" July 2006 D2.C "First annual thematic research summary"; 30 vol. December 2004D2.D "Second annual thematic research summary"; 10 vol. March 2006 D2.E "Third annual thematic research summary"; 28 vol. August 2006

Table: The sequence of deliverables

Policy level analysis

Whilst the 30 themes are fixed, this type of analysis should give the flexibility to provide in-formation on ad hoc policy priorities. Hence, policy level analysis will synthesize key find-ings of projects across combinations of themes. As an output, policy brochures shall be prepared depending on ad hoc requirements by DG TREN or by the high-level Advisory Group (AG).




Annex III: Editorial team for Thematic Research Summaries

Please note that – in principle – all EXTR@Web partners and sub-contractors will be con-tributing to a particular Thematic Research Summary because all project level findings that are of some relevance to one of the 28 (30) individual themes are presented in the com-prehensive format of these papers. The following summary of authors and peer reviewers is presented in alphabetical order while the main author of this paper is given on page i of the document. Fabien Dreveton, ISIS; France Mr Dreveton has an electrical engineering post-MSc degree, an MBA and over 8 years ex-perience in Intelligent Transport Systems for road transport. He has been a senior engi-neer with ISIS since 2001, specialising in traffic control, motorway management, ITS stan-dards development process and system architecture.

Co-author: Road Transport Prof J Augusto Felício, Neptune – CEGE/ISEG; Portugal Professor Felício, holding a PhD in management, is teaching graduate and post-graduate courses such as ‘Maritime transport and port management’ and ‘Land transport and logis-tic management’ at ISEG, School of Economics and Management (Technical University of Lisbon). His activities include participation in transport research where he has published several related articles and books.

Main author: Waterborne Transport, Intelligent Transport Systems Peer review: Efficiency, Vehicle Technology

Dr Paul E Firmin, Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds (ITS); UK Dr Firmin has 30 years of experience in transport planning and engineering, including local authority, consultancy and academia. His research specialities are: traffic management, transport survey design & analysis, traveller information systems; driver route choice be-haviour and transport telematics. He is currently the MSc(Eng) degree programme leader and international student adviser at ITS, University of Leeds. He teaches computing skills and traffic management, and supervises student dissertation projects.

Main author: Information and Awareness Peer review: Safety and Security

Dr Nils Gendner, Neptune – University of Bremen, ISL; Germany Dr Gendner has been working for more than four years at the University of Bremen, Insti-tute of Shipping Economics and Logistics. His main topics include the analysis of proc-esses, functions and data flows in shipping and within the rail sector. He contributes to on-going efforts in intermodality by participating in several projects dealing with intermodal concepts and developments.

Main author: Intermodal Transport, Integration Peer review: Financing Tools, Pricing and Taxation




Wolfgang Helmreich, Industrieanlagen-Betriebsgesellschaft mbH (IABG); Germany Mr Helmreich is a civil engineer from the Technical University of Munich. He has more than 15 years experience with transport planning and infrastructure design in the rail, road and air sector, and sound knowledge of vehicle technologies. His expertise also includes pro-ject management, web publishing and dissemination skills. He joined IABG in 1999 as a senior transport consultant after working as project manager at several German engineer-ing companies. He is principal editor of all Thematic Research Summaries.

Main author: Air Transport, User Aspects, Safety and Security Peer review: Regional Transport, Rail Transport, Waterborne Transport, Environ-

mental Aspects, Land Use Planning Cristina I Ivan, Group of Independent Experts Ltd (GIE); Romania Ms Ivan has a law degree and has graduated a Master course in project management. Ever since 1998 she has participated in various projects financed by international donors in Romania. The main areas of her expertise cover: project management, legal approxima-tion of the EU acquis & drafting of environmental legislation, as well as the carrying out of awareness raising and dissemination activities, including those for the transport sector.

Main author: EU Accession Issues Peer review: Economic Aspects, User Aspects, Transport Management

Dr Ann Jopson, Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds (ITS); UK Dr Jopson is a Research Fellow whose main interests and expertise lie in the areas of travel behaviour psychology, transport marketing and urban transport planning and policy, with particular emphasis on travel demand management through attitudinal and behav-ioural measures. Her PhD thesis was based on the role of psychology in reducing car use.

Main author: Environmental Aspects Peer review: Rural Transport

Dimitris Koryzis, Systema; Greece Mr Koryzis is a production & management engineer from the Technical University of Crete and holds an MSc in Decision Sciences from Athens University of Economics & Business. He has more than 8 years experience as technical and managerial consultant for 30 Euro-pean programmes in the transport sector (road, maritime and intermodal) as well as in re-search and innovation technology EC projects.

Co-author: Pricing, Taxation and Financing Tools Ulrich Leiss, Industrieanlagen-Betriebsgesellschaft mbH (IABG); Germany Mr Leiss is an aerospace engineer from the Technical University of Munich. His profes-sional career includes 24 years experience with research, technical analyses, monitoring and managing national and European projects and programmes. These activities cover the areas aerospace, transport, energy and new technologies.

Main author: Other Modes, Vehicle Technology Bryan Matthews, Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds (ITS); UK Mr Matthews has 9 years experience of transport research and project management in both consultancy and university settings. His research expertise is in transport policy analysis and transport economics. He has worked on a number of EU, UK DfT and Re-search Council projects. He also contributes to teaching activities, lecturing on Air Trans-port Systems and supervising student projects.

Main author: Rail Transport Peer review: Air Transport




Prof Anthony D May, Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds (ITS); UK Professor May has over 35 years' experience in transport planning and traffic engineering. He has been a professor at Leeds since 1977, and has served as Head of the Department of Civil Engineering, Dean of the Faculty of Engineering, Pro-Vice Chancellor for Research and Director of the Institute for Transport Studies. He also has practical experience with the MVA consultancy and the GLC in London. His research specialities include: land use planning, traffic management, road pricing, sustainable urban transport, integrated trans-port and environmental impacts of transport.

Supervision of entire process of thematic reviews Batool Menaz, Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds (ITS); UK Ms Menaz is a transport economist from the University of Leeds. She has been involved in a number of various projects including research into transport pricing reform issues in air, road and rail for the IMPRINT-Europe thematic network project, and research for the UK Rail Research Centre looking at the alternative visions for the future of the British rail sys-tem.

Main author: Regulation/Deregulation Co-author: Passenger Transport, Equity and Accessibility, Land Use Planning Peer review: Road Transport

Christina Paschalidou, Systema; Greece Ms Paschalidou is a transportation engineer from Aristotle University (Thessaloniki), with a MSc in Urban and Regional Transport from Laboratory of Transport Economics in Lyon. Her field of interest is transport planning and engineering, EU and national transport poli-cies, sustainability issues and research. She joined Systema in 2005, while her previous experience includes an internship in ISIS, traffic studies elaborated individually and re-search activities in the Aristotle University.

Main author: Transport Management Peer review: Information and Awareness, Integration

Ignacio Rada Cotera, Neptune – IkerConsulting; Spain Mr Rada Cotera is a lawyer from Deusto University in Bilbao, holding a diploma and certifi-cate of European studies from Deusto and Saarland Universities, respectively. He has been working on EU projects since 2000. His main expertise is European commercial and regional policy, maritime transport and port affairs, legal aspects of international economic relations, urban planning, regional benchmarking and development.

Main author: Regional Transport Marco Valerio Salucci, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", DITS; Italy Mr Salucci holds a degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Rome “La Sa-pienza”. His past research experience has focused on computer modelling of the opera-tions of freight terminals and automatic passenger transport systems, the latter being car-ried out within EC funded research projects. His current research for a doctorate is in the area of transhipment and information and communication technologies for intermodal freight transport.

Co-author: Freight Transport, Urban Transport, Rural Transport, Efficiency, Decision-support Tools

Peer review: Intermodal Transport




Dr Karsten Seidel, Neptune – European Networks and Cooperation; Belgium/Germany Dr Seidel has graduated as economist and holds a PhD from the University of Bremen. He has been working on EU projects since 1988. His main expertise is in European industrial and regional policy, telecommunication research projects, maritime transport and port af-fairs, evaluation of technical aid, urban planning, regional benchmarking development.

Co-author: Regional Transport Dr Paolo Delle Site, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", DITS; Italy Dr Delle Site holds an PhD, and is a senior research fellow at DITS, Transport Area, Uni-versity of Rome “La Sapienza”. He combines professional experience with research activi-ties, the latter mainly being carried out within EC funded research projects. Related activi-ties comprise urban transport planning, urban public transport design, transport project as-sessment, and policy analysis. His teaching activities include courses in transport plan-ning. Furthermore, he is author of papers in Transportation Research Part A – Policy and Practice and in the European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research.

Co-author: Freight Transport, Urban Transport, Rural Transport, Economic Aspects, Infrastructure Provision, Pricing, Taxation and Financing Tools

Peer review: EU Accession Issues, Intelligent Transport Systems, Regulation/ Deregulation

Damian Stantchev, Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds (ITS); UK Mr Stantchev holds a degree in Economics and Trade from Varna University of Economics in Bulgaria and an MA in Political Science from the Central European University in Hun-gary. His early research experience was in the area of small business development in transitional economies of Central and Eastern Europe. Damian has also contributed to an extensive report on the role of the logistics and transportation sector in society for the Lo-gistics & Transportation Corporate Citizenship Initiative of the World Economic Forum. His research for a doctorate examines the role of logistics in enhancing the competitiveness of the regional economy and encompasses all aspects of original research and data collec-tion including the design, conduct and analyses of large scale surveys as well as the col-lection of commercial data and development of case studies.

Main author: Passenger Transport, Land Use Planning, Equity and Accessibility Peer review: Freight Transport

Andrew Winder, ISIS; France Mr Winder is a transport planner with a BSc in transport management (Aston University, England) and over 15 years experience in consultancies and public transport authorities covering transport planning and policy, particularly at UK, French and Europe-wide levels. Since 1998 he has been a senior engineer at ISIS, responsible for a wide range of Euro-pean projects focusing primarily on Trans-European Networks, ITS for road traffic man-agement, urban and regional public transport and EU enlargement aspects.

Main author: Road Transport Peer review: Passenger Transport, Urban Transport, Other Modes, Equity and Acces-

sibility, Infrastructure Provision




Ard Wolthuis, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", DITS; Italy Ard Wolthuis graduated in Science & Innovation Management, in the field of Transport and Mobility, from the University of Utrecht. He has been involved in transport projects and analysed socio-economic, environmental, political and legal aspects, such as the Phileas project, the Fokker bankruptcy, and innovation policy of companies in the Netherlands. Has participated in a European project on innovation in urban public transport systems. Since spring 2005 has joined DITS as a research fellow. His main areas of activities are policy analysis and dissemination of research results.

Co-author: Efficiency, Decision-support Tools Dr Zhaomin Zhang, ANAST – University of Liege, Neptune; Belgium Dr Zhang has got the university degrees of Civil Engineering, Mechanical and Marine En-gineering; Master of Transportation Sciences and Doctor of Philosophy. He is a senior en-gineer and led the important projects related to the "Establishment of a mathematical traffic model on the Belgian waterway network" (Belgian national research program "Transport and mobility"), the project called "On computerisation and management in real-time of op-erations relating to the exploitation of fluvial traffic to organise the waterway transport", Bel-gian Regional Ministry of Public Works) and the Project related to the development of a transport cost model in the inland navigation sector. He has also been involved in numer-ous simulation and operation research activities.

Peer review: Decision-support Tools



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