animalia foglia 1

7/23/2019 Animalia Foglia 1

1/15

AP Biology 2007-2008

Domain

Eubacteria

Domain

Archaea

Domain

Eukarya

Common ancestor

Kingdom Animals

Domain Eukarya


2/15

AP Biology

Animal Characteristics

!eterotro"hs must ingest others #or nutrients

$ulticellular

com"le% bodies &o cell 'alls

allo's acti(e mo(ement

)e%ual re"roduction no alternation o# generations

no ha"loid gameto"hyte


3/15

AP Biology

Pori#era

Cnidaria

Platyhelminthes

s"onges *elly#ish #lat'orms round'orms

&ematoda

$ollusca Arthro"oda Chordata

Annelida Echinodermata

mollusks

multicellularity

Ancestral Protist

tissues

bilateral symmetry

body ca(ity

segmentation

Animal E(olution

coelom

star#ish (ertebrates

endoskeleton

segmented'orms

insectss"iders

backbone

s"eciali+ation , body com"le%ity

s"eciali+ed structure , #unction

muscle , ner(e tissue

distinct body "lan. ce"hali+ation

body com"le%ity

digesti(e , re"ro sys

digesti(e sys

body si+e

redundancy

s"eciali+ation mobility

body , brain

si+e mobility

radial

bilateral


4/15

AP Biology

Body Ca(ity ectoderm

ectoderm

mesoderm

endoderm

ectoderm

mesoderm

endoderm

mesodermendoderm

acoelomate

"seudocoelomate

coelomate

coelom ca(ity

"seudocoel

)"ace #or organ systemde(elo"ment increase digesti(e ,

re"roducti(e systems increase #ood ca"acity ,

digestion

increase gamete"roduction

Coelem mesoderm , endoderm

interact during

de(elo"ment allo's com"le%

structures to de(elo" indigesti(e system e%/ stomach

"rotostome (s/ deuterostome


5/15

AP Biology

n(ertebrate Pori#era

)"onges no distinct tissues or organs

do ha(e s"eciali+ed cells

no symmetry sessile 1as adults

#ood taken into each

cell by endocytosis


6/15

AP Biology

n(ertebrate Cnidaria

3elly#ish hydra sea anemone coral tissues but no

organs

t'o cell layers

radial symmetry "redators tentacles surround

gut o"ening

e%tracellulardigestion release en+ymes

into gut ca(ity

absor"tion by cellslining gut

medusa"oly"


7/15

AP Biology

hydra

stinging cell

'ith nematocyst

trigger

dischargednematocyst

undischargednematocyst

tentacles

mouth

sensory

cell

stingingcell

)tinging cells o# Cnidarians


8/15

AP Biology

n(ertebrate Platyhelminthes

ectoderm

mesoderm

endoderm

4lat'orms ta"e'orm "lanaria

mostly "arasitic

bilaterally symmetrical

ha(e right , le#t , then ha(ehead 1anterior end , "osterior end

ce"hali+ation5de(elo"ment o# brain

concentration o# sense organs in head

increase s"eciali+ation in body "lan

Animals now

face the world

head on!

acoelomate


9/15

AP Biology

n(ertebrate &ematoda

6ound'orms bilaterally symmetrical body ca(ity

"seudocoelom 5 sim"le body ca(ity

digesti(e system tube running through length o# body 1mouth to anus

many are "arasitic hook'orm

C. elegans


10/15

AP Biology

n(ertebrate $ollusca

$ollusks slugs snails clams suid bilaterally symmetrical 1'ith e%ce"tions so#t bodies mostly "rotected by hard shells

true coelem increases com"le%ity , s"eciali+ation o# internal organs


11/15

AP Biology

n(ertebrate Annelida

)egmented 'orms earth'orms leeches segments

increase mobility

redundancy in body sections bilaterally symmetrical true coelem

#an 'orm leech


12/15

AP Biology

n(ertebrate Arthro"oda

)"iders insects crustaceans most success#ul animal "hylum

bilaterally symmetrical

segmented

s"eciali+ed segments

allo's *ointed a""endages

e%oskeleton chitin 1carbohydrate

"rotein


13/15

AP Biology

Arthro"od grou"s

insects9 legs : body "arts

crustaceansgills 2 "airs antennae

crab lobster barnacles

shrim"

arachnids8 legs 2 body "artss"iders ticks scor"ions


14/15

AP Biology

n(ertebrate Echinodermata

)tar#ish sea urchins sea cucumber radially symmetrical as adults s"iny endoskeleton deuterostome loss o# bilateral symmetry;


15/15

AP Biology

n(ertebrate uick check

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