REPUBLI^KI ZAVOD ZA ZA[TITU

SPOMENIKA KULTURE

BEOGRAD

INSTITUT POUR LA PROTECTION DES MONUMENTS HISTORIQUES DE LA RPUBLIQUE DE SERBIE BELGRADE

COMMUNICATIONSXLV2013Comit de rdaction

Viktorija Popovska-KorobarEvangelija HadjitryphonosSreten Petkovi}Milka ^anak-Medi}Miroslav Timotijevi}Marko Popovi}Svetlana Peji}Olivera Kandi}Gordana Simi}Dragan Vojvodi}Mirjana eki

Pour lditeur

Mirjana Andri}

Chef

Gordana Simi}

Secrtaire

Ivana Prodanovi}-Rankovi}

YU ISSN 0354-4346

UDK 7 + 902 / 904

SAOP[TEWAXLV2013

Redakcioni odbor

Viktorija Popovska-KorobarEvangelija HaxitrifonosSreten Petkovi}Milka ^anak-Medi}Miroslav Timotijevi}Marko Popovi}Svetlana Peji}Olivera Kandi}Gordana Simi}Dragan Vojvodi}Mirjana \eki}

Odgovorni urednikMirjana Andri}

UrednikGordana Simi}

Sekretar Ivana Prodanovi}-Rankovi}

BEOGRAD 2013.

, , . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Gordana Miloevi, Miloje Vasi, Villa with an Octagon at Mediana near Ni . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Nadeda Gavrilovi , . . . . . . 27Marko Popovi, Danica Popovi Graves of Ecclesiastical Dignitaries in Monastery ia . . . . . . . . . 47 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Olivera Kandi} The First Hegoumenos of Monastery Sopoani . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

, ( 4) 55Dimitrije Madas Monastery Banjska, Grave of Queen Theodora (Grave 4) . . . . . . . 65 -, , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67Nata{a Miladinovi}-Radmilovi}, Anthropological Analysis of the skeletal remains from the FoundersAleksa Janovi}, Zoran Rako~evi} Grave in the Church of St John at Studenica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

, . . . . . . . . . . 83Ivanka Gergova On Spasovica, Once Again . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93Marin Brmboli} Petrus Fortress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

111Branislav Cvetkovi Unusual Scenes in the Narthex of the Church of Monastery Joanica 131Ta . I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133Tatjana Starodubcev Written Sources on the Churches and Monasteries Built or Restored

in the Domains of the Lazarevi and Brankovi Families . . . . . . . . 145 a, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147Tatjana Vuleta In Search of the Folk poet: Azdiya,Velvet in Medieval Serbia . . . . 163 , . . . . . 165Aneta Serafimova, ehona pahiu New Rule Another Faith . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 IV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179Miroslava Kosti Patriarch Arsenije IV Jovanovi and the Constitution of the Cult

of Count Georgije Brankovi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201

Sadr`aj/ Table des matires

Rasprave i studije/Traits et tudes

a, , : 1.

203Miroslav Timotijevi} Picture, Word, Ritual: Beginnings of the Liturgical Celebration

of the New Year on January 1st and Kraun's Circumcision of Jesus on the Iconostasis of the Cathedral Church at Sremski Karlovci . . . 225

, , . . . . . . . . . . . . 227Vesna Biki In manibus tuis commendo domine spiritum meumDevotionals of the Austrian Army from the Belgrade Fortress . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246

. a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251Bojan S. Turanjanin The Newly Discovered Cemetery in the Village of Miljen near Ljubinje . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261

, : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263Jelena Todorovi, Biljana Crvenkovi Creating Space of Sovereignty The Artistic Workshop of Bernhard Ludwig of Vienna and the Design of the Royal Courts in Rumania and Belgrade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277

- - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279 Nenad Lajbenperger Memorial Ossuary at egligovski Kamen near Mlado Nagoriane as Part of the History of the Memorial Ossuary at Zebrnjak . . . . . 287

. Henry Maguire, NECTAR AND ILLUSION: Nature in Byzantine Art and Literature. Onassis series in Hellenic culture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289 , . . . . . . . . . . . . 291 . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294

6 SADR@AJ

Prikazi i kritike/Comptes-rendus et critiques

/Contributions

: : (1) - (2) --. - , , XVI . , - , - . j , , /, , , . -- , . : , , , , , , , , , ,

, Dumbarton Oaks , - .1 , - , -.2 ,

1 The Relationship between Byzantium and Arabs (May 1963) Dumbarton Oaks Papers 18 (1964). , , , : G. C. Miles, Byzantium and the Arabs: Relations in Crete and the Aegean Area, DOP 18 (1964), 132 ( ); O. Grabar, Islamic Art and Byzantium, , 6788 ( ); G. Meyendorff, Byzantine View of Islam, , 113132 ( ).

2 . . , - XVI XVII , 1 (1965), 119139 ( ); . , , : XVI XVII , 1995, 239253.

,

1. : a) , , , 1501; b) , 1536/37; c) , , XVI ; d) , , 1627

1. St. Merkourios: a) paracclesion of St. Nicholas, Presentation of the Holy Virgin in the Temple, Kuevite, 1501; b) Monastery of Toplica, 1536/37; c) St. Nicholas, Zrze, c. 1550; d) St. John the Theologian, Slepe, 1627 a b c d

.3

- , XIX ,4 , (1) , (2) (3) e- . () , , , . / - .5

1. - , . , XV XVI .6 , , - . . - , , , .7 , , (1348)8 ( 1385).9 , , - / XIII XIV , XV .10 - , - , 250. .11 - (. 1), XV .12 , , - , .

, - , ,

3 IV , 2010, , . A. Serafimova, J. Spahiu, Contribution to Studying Islamic Influences on the Post-Byzantine Painting in Ottoman Macedonia, 4th International Congress on Islamic Civilisation in the Balkans. Abstracts, Skopje 2010, 62. , , (IBAC), 2011. , , , : D. Georgiev, Ottoman Charshi: The Mutual Eco nomic and Socio-Cultural Space of the Balkan Town; I. Velev, The Byzantine Culture and the Emer gence of the Global Civilization on the Balkans; . Sotnichenko, Islam and Christianity in the Ottoman Balkans: the Experience of Intercul tural Dialogue; A. Serafimova, Ottoman Social and Historical Reflections on the Post-Byzantine Painting in Macedonia, . International Balkan Annual Conference (IBAC) on Co-existence of the Cultures in Balkans. Abstracts, Skopje 2011, 5, 23, 84, 129. : V. Popovska-Korobar, D. Gorgiev, Icons from the Museum of Macedonia with Ottoman Prayer Inscriptions, The Historical Review LX (2011), 247269.

4 XIX - , XIX . , () .

5 / , . - XIV XVII , . A. Lymberopoulou, Audiences and markets for Cretan icons, : K. W. Woods, C. M. Richardson, Viewing Renaissance Art, London 2007, 171208, 202203, .

6 . , . , 125, . 4; , , 249.

7 . . , , , 1995, 624, . 452; Ch. Walter, The Warrior Saints in Byzantine Art and Tradition, Aldershot 2003, 104; . ,

,

166

, 1515. -.13 , . (1617)14 (1634),15 , ,

, . 12/2007 (2007), 9193. , , Abu al-Saifain ( ), . J. Kamil, Christianity in the land of the Pharaohs: The Coptic Orthodox Church, Routledge 2002, 258259, fig. 10.4.

8 , . , . 5.9 . , .

, 1953, . 154.10 XIII

XIV . Persian Art: An Illustrated Souvenir of the exhibition of Persian Art at Burlington House, London 1931, 3251; E. Blochet, Catalogue des Manuscrits Persans de la Bibliothque Nationale, Paris 1934, passim; D. T. Rice, Islamska umetnost, Beograd 1968, sl. 116, 118, 120, 219, 227; M. G. Lukens, The Fifteenth-Century Miniatures, The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin 25/9 (1967), 317338.

11 . . , , 1977, 717 (: , ); , , 2001, 775776 (: ).

12 . , XV , 1980, . 33 (), . 69 (), . 79 (), 118 (). XVI XVII , : ( ) 1501 ( , : . , 2008, . 35), ( ), (. -, , - 4, 1981, 426427, . 12), (. -, . , 2003, . III) (. , , 2001, 30).

13 . , , 10 (1976), 203266; , , , 224229; , 93; . , , XXXII (1993), 167205; . , . , IXXVIII , 1996, 107135.

14 . -, . , 4144.

15 . . . , . , 192021 (1996), 197, 200201.

, 167

3. , , , XIX

3. The Life of St. George of Ioannina, St. Athanasius, Bogomila, second half of 19th century

2. : a) , , 184852; b) , , 1864; c) , 1881

2. St. George of Ioannina: a) St. George the Victorious, Rajica, 184852; b) St. Elijah, Selce, 1864; c) Holy Virgin Immaculate of Kievo, 1881

a b c

, . - , .16

-, XIX . (1838), (. 2).17 , , , -, (), , - .18 . -, , (. 3).19 /, ,20 - , , , .21

2. - . ( 1595), (1624/25) (1630/31), ,22 - , (. 4).23 , .24

, . , -, .25 : - / /-, .26 -- , - 27 - .28 , / ,

, 168

16 . . , (15571614), 1965, 8788, 110, 170, 185, 195 . 8 ( ), 26 (), 88 (); . : , , 181184.

17 , , , 1844. , . . , XV XIX , . XXIV 1 ( 1993), 4648; , . , . XXXI/1 ( 2000), 101124; . : . , , , 1990, 8889. , ( 1839), . . , . , , 2001, 485491, .

18 . , , , 552553; , 38.19 . , .

, 116120.20 .

30- XIX II (. B. Masters, G. goston, Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire, New York 2009, 55, 430), , . , , . . , , 18 ( ), 1998, 2527.

21 , , , , . , 38 (), 93 ().

22 . . . , - , VI III (1887), 311317, 364 , . . (M. M. Garidis, Etudes sur le Jugement dernier post-byzantin du XVe l fin du XIXe sicles, Thessaloniki 1985) Cahier balkaniques (6, ed. T. Velmans, Paris 1984), .

23 . . , ( ) XVI , 2223/199596 (1997), 5052; . ,

, 2829/200203 (2004), 175176; , , 2005, 183184, 286.

24 . . , , , 1993, 131132, 140 (= Das Jngstes Gericht, Recklinghausen 1963). / : , , 175176, . 7375, .

25 . , - : -, . 4/9 (2011), 203212.

26 , e, , , . E. J. Brills First Encyclopedia of Islam, 19131936, ed. M. Th. Housma, Vol. IV, Leiden 1993, 701.

27 , , . Garidis, nav. delo, 9195, pl. 9497. , , , , , . A. Dumitrescu, La faade ouest de Saint-Georges de Vorone en Roumanie, CahBalk 6 (1984), 123125.

28 ( XV ), , , . Garidis, nav. delo, 100101; . , . , : , 2010/1 (2010), 3134.

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169

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, , 1595;

b) , 1624/25;

c) - , 1630/31

4. Last Judgment: a) Holy Virgin

Peribleptos, Ohrid, c 1595;

b) Monastery of Zrze, 1624/25;

c) Monastery of Kuevite, 1630/31

a

b

c

, , , , , - - .29 . , .30 XVIII31 XIX .32

-- . - XVI - .33 , , .34 , XV ,35 , XVI ,36 , . - , .37 , , , , - XVII .38 XVI , . / - - , , . .39

- , , - .40 (1628), - .41 -, , , XV XVI .42

, XVIII ,43 ,

29 , , . , , . , 3234, .

30 , () , , , , , : . , 17 ( ), 1995, 200201, . 125. . , - , 208209, . 43.

31 (1743). : iyDEI, ( . ). Th. Papazotos, The Church of Ayios Yermanos at the village of Ayios Yermanos, : D. Evyenidou, I. Kanonidis, Th. Papazotos, The Monuments of Prespa, Athens 1991, 3539.

32 (1847) (. . , . , 1997, 10); (1880) . . -, . , , . VIII, . IX (1978), . 12, . 4.

33 . . , XV XVI , XXIII (1975), 7589.

34 . , , 1517 ( ). . : , . , 8189.

35 . ( , 81, 184185) 1466. , .

36 . , , 1516. . . , XVI , , 1989, 109113.

37 . . , - , 1933, 67.

, 170

38 . . , XVII , 1997, 3942 ( ).

39 - . , - , 207211.

40 , . . , , 1986, 8990, . 29, . 45; , , 247; . . , , Topics in Post-Byzantine Painting. In Memory of Manolis Chatzidakis, Athens 2002, 4042, . 4, 7.

41 . . , . . , 89/198182 (1983), 122, . 31, . 10.

42 D. Nicolle, Ch. Hook, The Janissaries, London 1995, 2022; S. Turnubull, The Ottoman Empire 13261699, Routledge 2003, 18; Masters, goston, nav. delo, 296297.

43 : . , . , 3 (1998), 3339. . : . -, 18 , 2005, 87.

,

171

5. , , , 1745

5a. The Life of St. George (icon), Holy Virgin Immaculate of Kievo, 1745

5. , , , 1754

5b. The Life of St. Marina (icon), Gallery of Icons, Ohrid, c. 1754

.44 , , - , , , - , - (. 5).

, 1745, ,45 .46 - : , , , , (. 5).

, , - .47

, , -, , , () () ,48 XVIII XIX .49 - , , , -. / - - .

, , /. (1376/77),50 (. 6). - (``), - XV XVI .51 (. 6),52 (. 6).53 , , ( 1460)54 , (1534/35, . 6).55

, .56 , , - .57

44 . , IXXVIII , 1983, 218219, . 71; . , (), 1999, 9697.

45 . , , , 1990, 108.

46 . . . , , 2627/20002001 (2001), 32, . 8.

47 . . -, 18 , 77.

48 . http://valkyrja.shawwebspace.ca/asset/view/20675/intro_to_ottoman_turkish_clothing_web_version_july_2009.pdf; . E.J. Brills First Encyclopaedia of Islam 19131936, Vol. VIII, (Tif - Zrkhna), Brill 1987, 885893.

49 -, 18 , 101, . 1; . , : , , , CD-ROM, 2006, . 140141; . , , 1995, . 92, 9597, 101102, 106107.

50 . . . , , 8 (1972), 131136; : . , , . , 2008, 34.

51 . A. Rahman Zaky, Introduction to the Study of Islamic Arms and Armours, Gladius II (1961), 18, 21, fig. 2c, 3c ( : http://gladius.revistas.csic.es/index.php/gladius/article/view/211/213); . : D. Alexander, Swords and Sabers during the Early Islamic Period, Gladius XXI (2001), 193220 (http://gladius.revistas.csic.es/index.php/gladius/article/viewFile/86/86).

52 . -, XV , XLIV (2007), 560, . . ), (, , 109), ( ) ( ).

53 (. -, XV , 560),

, 172

3. - , - , . - , , - .58 .

(1542/43, . 7),59 ( XVI ),60 (1591, . 7)61 (1606),62 - , .63 /- (. 7).64 -

( ) (. . , , . 78 (2010), 348, . 13).

54 . . , , 1971, 56, . 10.

55 . , , Balcanoslavica 3031 (2002), 125.

56 (. , , Balcanoslavica 3739/20072010 (2010), . 3, 5, 6) ( ) ( ).

57 Rahman Zaky, nav. delo, 2429, fig. 610; M. G. Parani, Reconstructing the Reality of Images: Byzantine Material Culture and Religious Iconography (11th15th Centuries), LeidenBoston 2003, 124.

58 A. Petersen, Dictionary of Islamic Architecture, Routledge 1999, 2425; J. Bony, French Gothic Architecture of the 12th & 13th Centuries, University of California Press 1983, 17; J. Warren, Creswells Use of the Theory of Dating by the Acuteness of the Pointed Arches in Early Muslim Architecture, Muqarnas: An Annual on Islamic Art and Architecture, Vol. VIII, ed. O. Grabar (1991), 5965.

59 . , , - II, 1956, 14; . . , , 2223/19951996 (1997), . 1.

60 . -, , , 2009, 86, . 24.

61 . , - , 71.

62 . . ni, St. Nicholas, village of Strezovce, nr. Kumanovo, in: A. Serafimova, V. Popovska-Korobar, . . ni, J. Trikovska, Macedonian Cultural Heritage. Christian Monuments, Skopje 2009, 7881, fig. 3.

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, 173

6. /: a) , 1376/77; b) , 1534/35; c) , 1536/37; d) , 1591

6. Saber: a) Markos Monastery, 1377/77; b) Monastery of Toplica, 1534/35; c) Monastery of Toplica, 1536/37; d) Monastery of Kuevite, 1591

a b

c d

.65

XV , , - . - , (. 8). , -, , - , . , , ,66 -, , , , - .67 XVIII , Lle Devri. -, ,68 - , - , .69

, - , - .70 , (. 9). - ,71 .72

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65 . . , . , - , , 1994, 15, . 10, 11, 12, 14.

66 . . , XVIXVIII , 1966, 56.

67 : . , , 15 (1971), 111128; L. Stankova, L. Nenkovska, The Manuscript Heritage of Ioan Kratovski, European Journal of Science and Theology 5/1 (2009), 1324 (= h t t p : / /www.e j s t . t u i a s i . r o /F i l e s /17 /13 -24Stankova&Nenkovska.pdf).

68 . D. Sajdi, Decline, its Discontents and Ottoman Cultural History: By Way of Introduction, in: Ottoman Tulips, Ottoman Coffee: Leisure and Lifestyle in the Eighteenth Century, London New York 2007, 34; C. Eritman, Ottmns Looking West? The Origins of the Tulip Age and its Development in Modern Turkey, London New York 2008, 40.

69 . S. Shaw, History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey, Vol. 1, Cambridge University Press 1976, 234238.

70 . N. J. Johnson, Paradisiacal Imagery in Early Islmic Art, Toronto 1998, 1819, 4749; , . , 121.

71 -, . , . XXIII, XXXIVXXXV; . 50, 6466.

72 M. B. Yazr, Medeniyet leminde Yazi ve Islm Medeniyetinde Kalem Gzeli, Ankara 1989, res. 244, 261, 263, 292, 296; A. Gacek, Arabic Manuscripts: A Vademecum for Readers, LeidenBoston 2009, Tab. 6, 35ac, 52ac.

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7a) (), , 1542/43; b) (), , 1591;

c) , , 161722

7a) Dormition (icon), Monastery of Toplica, 1542/43; b) Dormiton (fresco), 1591; c) Sanctuary Doors, Monastery of ure, 161722

a b c

, 175

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8. Vases: a) Monastery of Slepe, Prilep, 1673/74; bc) St. Nahum of Ohrid, 1806; de) St. John of Bigor Monastery, c. 1829; f) St. George the Victorious, Rajica, 1840

9. : a) ( ), , 1565; bd , 1621/22

9. Floral ornaments: a) St. Nicholas (St. Athanasius), ievo, 1565; bd) Monastery of ure, 1621/22

a b c

d e f

a b

c d

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176

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()- - - (, , .) - . - , , - , XIV .81 , , , - XVIII XIX .

, - , - , .

NEW RULE ANOTHER FAITH Towards Studying on the Islamic Influences upon the Post-Byzantine Painting

In contrast to the architectural and ethnological context, Islamic influences on painting as a primary painterly/visual medium have not been the subject of more elaborate scholarly analyses.

The subject matter of our research is precisely Islamic influences in the Post-Byzantine painting in the period between the 15th and 18th centuries in the region of Turcocratic Macedonia. The influences ascertained by our analyses are classified in three groups that are iconographically defined as follows: (1) influences on the iconography of saints; (2) influences on the iconography of themes and scenes and (3) influences on the depiction of the interior and the exterior in the scenes. By analyzing the semiological aspects of the iconographic modifications, we conclude that Islamic influences are (1) essential in terms of the content, which points to a new reading of the traditional Byzantine thematic wholes and (2) these influences are formal/illustrative/decorative in nature.

79 J. Hammer, Historija Otomanskog (Turskog) carstva, 2, Zagreb 1989, 340514; H. Inaldik, Osmansko doba. Klasino doba 13001600, Beograd 2003, 5264, 81.

80 I. Colin, The Ottoman Empire, 13001650: The Structure of Power, New York 2002, 6686; M. Kia, The Ottoman Empire, Greenwood Press 2008, 5969.

81 . . 10.

,

177

Aneta Serafimova, ehona pahiu

The focus of our scholarly interest are exactly those Islamic influences that have a semiotic impact on (Post)Byzantine painting. Tracing the penetration of figures dressed in traditional Ottoman Turkish and Persian Turkish garments, as well as the frequent replacement of the sword with the yataghan in Post-Byzantine painting, we conclude that the formal changes have an essential effect on the symbolism of the themes and the scenes, giving them new meaning.

An overall analysis (excepting the saints representations) demonstrates that the fresco painters of the Late Middle Ages substituted the terms Jews/Judeans, heretics, heterodoxoi and pagans which were encountered in the scene descriptions (the subject matter of the focus of our research) in their painters manuals (Erminia) and visualized them as groups of figures in characteristic Ottoman Turkish garments.

The historical and social context of Islamic influences are of particular interest for our analyses, due to the fact that our objective was to provide a more precise determining of the chronological framework of their penetration in the painting of the Late Middle Ages in the wider Balkan region.

NEW RULE ANOTHER FAITHAneta Serafimova,ehona pahiu178