ancient americans centennial middle school. when i call a place civilized, what does that mean to...
TRANSCRIPT
ANCIENT AMERICANS
Centennial Middle School
When I call a place civilized, what does that mean to you?
CIVILIZATION:
An advanced culture
Builds other cities
Has a well-organized government
A system of social classes
Specialized jobs
A complex religion
A method of record keeping
NORTH AMERICAN ANCIENTS
HOHOKAMS
MOUND BUILDERS
ANASAZIS
- Brought water in hand dug canals more than 6 miles
-Ten feet deep, fifty feet wide
Agriculture- corn, beans, squash, agave, cotton and tobacco
Pottery – technical advancement - Copper bells in wax molds
Sometime between 1100 to 1200 they stopped functioning as a village.
About 1300 they melted into the culture of the Salado.
HOHOKAMS – PRESENT DAY PHOENIX
MOUND BUILDERS - GULF OF MEXICO TO THE OHIO
AND MISSISSIPPI RIVER VALLEYS
Earliest mounds in the United States at Watson Brake near Monroe, LA.
The purpose of these mounds is unclear.
It is believed the are mainly for religious structures used as burial mounds.
Many tribes contributed to this culture stretching from the Gulf of Mexico to the Ohio and Mississippi River Valleys over many years, some back as far as 2500 BCE.
The Great Serpent Mound- 1348 feet long, three-foot
high prehistoric effigy mound in Ohio. Believed to have been built
Around 1070.
ANASAZIS- SOUTHWEST (NEW MEXICO)
Lived in large multistoried houses
Sun-dried stones –adobe
Cliff-dwellers
Farmers, but traded with other tribes
By late 1200 Anasazis abandoned their homes- drought?
MAYANS
3,000 years ago
Lived in Mexico and in Guatemala
3 GREAT CITIES
Tikal
Copan
Palenque
The Mayans settled in a swampland that bred mosquitoes and diseases.
TEMPLES
http://www.crystalinks.com/mayanarch.html
PRIESTS
The highest members of society
Only ones allowed to perform religious ceremonies
Good harvests
Victorious in battle
SOCIAL CLASS
Priest
Nobles, Government officials, and Warriors
Peasant Farmers
Slaves
AN ACADEMIC CIVILIZATION
Studied math and astronomy
Created an accurate calendar with 365 daysCalendar included 19 months
RECORD KEEPING
Wrote in HIEROGLYPHICSuse pictures to represent words and ideas
wrote on stone tablets or paper made from bark
Misc. Information
Physical BeautySloping forehead
Crossed eyes
Sport
Religion
WHAT HAPPENED?
In 850 A.D. the Mayans left their cities
The Mayan language is proof that some of them did survive
AZTECS
Finding a Home
TENOCHTITLAN
Capital of the Aztec empire
Built on an island of Lake Texcoco
City grew from wars
Currently Mexico City
SUN GOD
Sun battled every morning to rise
“Warriors of the sun”
Worshipped the Sun God through human sacrifice
INCAS
Incan Social Structure
Inca
Royal Family
Tribal Heads
Common People
BUILDERS
Built stone temples and forts
No machinesManual labor
Ropes
Wooden rollers
Great builders of Roads
Incan Roads
A FAMILIAR GOD
Who was the main god that the Aztecs worshipped?
Sun God
Incas worshipped the Sun God also
Believed the emperor was related to the Sun God
GOLD
Honored the Sun God
“Sweat of the Sun”
Decorated palaces, temples
Nobles and priests wore it
Advancements / Lifestyles
Medicine
Surgery
Writing
Punishment
THE END OF THE INCAS
1531 Spain comes
Francisco Pizarro
Kidnapped the emperor
Spain is in control in by the 1560s.
REVIEWWhat civilizations emerged in present-day Mexico?
Mayan and Aztec
Where did the Incas build their civilization?Andes MountainsWest coast of South America
What was the god worshipped by two of the civilizations that we talked about today?
Sun God
Which two civilizations were they?Aztec and Incan
How did the Aztecs worship the Sun God?Human sacrifice
Which country’s flag represents the story of how the Aztecs found their home?
Mexico
Name the three symbols found on the flag.EagleCactusSnake
Name one of the two reasons why the Mayan priests would perform ceremonies.
Good harvestBattle Victory