anatomy of upper extremities muscle

7/28/2019 anatomy of upper extremities muscle

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Slides for anatomy review of upper

extremities

Prepared by Deepak ghimire

Mham cm- 2012


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Muscles Connecting the Upper Limb to

the Thoracic Wall

ANTERIOR GROUP

Pectoralis major= medial & lateral pectoral nerve both

Pectoralis minor= medial pectoral nerve, @ minor has less nerve supply ie only medial pectoral N.

Subclavius- Nerve to subclavis

Serratus anterior- long thoracic nerve


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Pectoralis major

O=Clavicle, sternum, and upper 6 costal cartilages

I = Lateral lip ofbicipital grooveof humerus

N= Medial and lateral pectoral nerves from brachial plexus C 5,6, 7, 8; T1

Action =Adducts arm and rotates it medially;

clavicular fibers also flex arm


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Pectoralis minor

O= 3rd ,4th ,5th ribs

I =Coracoid process of scapula

N =Medial pectoral nerve from brachial plexusC 6, 7, 8

Action

Depresses point of shoulder;

if the scapula is fixed, it elevates the ribs of origin


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Subclavius O = 1st costal cartilage

I = Clavicle

N = Nerve to subclavius from uppertrunk of brachial plexus C5, 6

Action

Depresses the clavicle

steadies clavicle during

movements of the shouldergirdle

Serratus anterior O = Upper 8 ribs

I = Medial border and inferior angleof scapula

N = Long thoracic nerve C5, 6, 7

Action

Draws the scapula forward aroundthe thoracic wall;

rotates scapula


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Lateral rotators of the arm

Deltoid-posterior fibers (axillary nerve)

Infra-spinatus muscle (suprascapular

nerve)

Teres minor ( axillary nerve)


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Medial pectoral nerve

pectoralis major + lateral pectoral N.

Pectoralis minor ;less= only medial pectoral N.

Lower Subscapular nerve

teres minor ; minor= only lower Subscapular N.

Subscapularis + upper subscapularis N.

axillary nerve

Teres major & deltoid

Dorsal scapular nerve

Levetor scapulae

Rhomboid major & minor


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1) Trapezius - accessary nerve

2) Latissimus dorsi lower

thoracodorsal nerve, climbing muscle,

lati-wide, widest and strongest muscle of

the back !v

3) Levator scapule-superior side

4) Rhombodus major & minor-medial

side

Muscles Connecting the Upper Limbto the Vertebral Column


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Muscles Connecting the Upper Limb to the

Vertebral Column

Trapezius

Origin ( midline of back upto T12) Occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, spine of 7th

cervical vertebra, spines of all thoracic vertebrae

Insertion Upper fibers =lateral third of clavicle;

middle and lower fibers = acromion and spine ofscapula

Nerve = Spinal part of accessory nerve (motor)

= and C3 and 4 (sensory)

Action :

Upper fibers > elevate the scapula;

middle fibers > pull scapula medially;

lower fibers > pull medial border of

scapula downward


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Latissimus dorsi

Origin

Iliac crest, lumbar fascia,spines of lower 6 thoracicvertebrae, lower 3 0r 4 ribs,and inferior angle of scapula

Insertion

Floor of bicipital groove ofhumerus

NerveThoracodorsal nerveC6, 7, 8,

ActionExtends, adducts, andmedially rotates the arm

@ ex a m

L t l


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Levator scapulae

Origin

Transverse processes of first 4cervical vertebrae

C1 - c 4

Insertion Medial border of scapula

Nerve C3,c4 & c 5(dorsal scapular

nerve)

Action Raises medial border of

scapula

Rh b id j d i


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Rhomboid major and minor

Rhomboid major and rhomboid minor Origin of Rhomboid minor

Ligamentum nuchae and spines of c7 & T1

Origin of rhomboid major T2- T5 spines

Insertion of both Medial border of scapula

Nerve to both : Dorsal scapular nerveC4, 5

Action of both Raises medial border of scapula upward and

medially


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Triangle of auscultation

It has the following boundaries:

Above/superior

Trapezius

Below/inferior Latissimus dorsi

Lateral

by the medial margin of the scapula

The floo r

partly formed by the

Rhomboideus major.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trapeziushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latissimus_dorsihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhomboideus_majorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhomboideus_majorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latissimus_dorsihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trapezius


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Muscles Connecting the pectoral

girdle to the Humerus

Deltoid muscle- 3 fibers, ant,middle,post @ CAS

Supraspinatus- abduct

Infraspinatus- lateral rotator, supraspinatus N.

Teres major- adduct, med rotate

Teres minor- axillary nerve, lateral rotate

Sub-scapularis- lower & upper subscapular N


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Deltoid 3 origins: @ C-A-S

Anterior head: Lateral third ofclavicle,

Middle head:

Acromion,

POSTERIOR HEAD

Spine of scapula

Insertion:

Middle of lateral surface of shaft

ofhumerus/deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

Nerve:

Axillary nerve c5, 6

Action: Anterior fibers flex and medially rotate arm;

Middle fibers: Abducts arm

Posterior fibers extend and laterally rotate arm

@ heard FM-ABout EL

Read as ant fiber flex-med rotate,med fiber abduct, postfiber extend and laterallly rotate


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Supraspinatus & Infraspinatus ORIGN:

Supraspinatus: Supraspinousfossa

Infraspinatus: Infraspinousfossa

INSERION: Greater tuberosity of humerus;

capsule of shoulder joint

NERVE: Suprascapular nerveC4, 5, 6

ACTION: Supraspinatus-above-abduct

Abducts arm andstabilizes shoulder joint

Infraspinatus-

Laterally rotates arm andstabilizes shoulder joint


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Teres major and minor Teres major

Origin Lower third of lateral border of scapula

Insertion: Medial lip of bicipital groove of humerus

Nerve: Lower subscapular nerveC6, 7

Action:

Medially rotates and adducts arm and stabilizesshoulder joint

Teres minor Origin:

Upper two thirds of lateral border of scapula

Insertion: Greater tuberosity of humerus; capsule of

shoulder joint

Nerve: Axillary nerve(C4), C5, 6

Action: Laterally rotates arm and stabilizes shoulder

joint


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Subscapularis

Origjn:

Subscapular fossa

Insertion:

Lesser tuberosity ofhumerus

Nerve:

Upper and lowersubscapular nervesC5, 6, 7

Action :

Medially rotates arm andstabilizes shoulder joint


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Rotator cuff muscles

the rotator cuff(rotor cuff) is a group ofmuscles and theirtendons that act tostabilize the shoulder.

Along with the teres majorand the deltoid,the four muscles of the rotator cuff makeup the six scapulohumeral(those thatconnect to the humerus and scapula andact on the glenohumeral joint) muscles ofthe human body.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musclehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tendonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoulderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humerushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scapulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_bodyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_bodyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scapulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humerushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoulderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tendonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscle


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Muscles composing rotator cuff

SITS muscles

Supraspinatus

Infraspinatus

Teres minor

Subscapularis

Scapulo h umeral

muscles=6

SITS Teres major

deltoid


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THE AXILLA

anatomy of upper extremities muscle

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