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Anatomical Language
Human Anatomy & Physiology Honors
2014 – 2015
Ms. Chase
Anatomical Position
Body erect,
feet slightly apart,
palms facing forward,
thumbs point away
from the body
DIRECTIONAL TERMS Allow medical personnel and anatomists to explain
where a body part is in relation/compared to another
body part
Anterior
• FRONT
• “Ante” = in front of
• AKA Ventral (hand
trick!)
Posterior
• Back
• “Post” = after
• AKA “Dorsal” (hand
trick!) or dorsal fin
Superior
• Toward the top of the
body
• “super” = above or
over
Inferior
• Toward the bottom of
the body
• “Infer” = beneath
Medial
• Toward the midline of
the body
• Sounds like MIDDLE!
Lateral
• Toward the outside of
the body/ away from
the midline
• Lateral = to the side
Proximal • Close to the trunk of
the body
• “Proximity” =
nearness or
closeness
• Can only refer to
something on a
limb/appendage
Distal
• Away from the trunk
of the body
• Sounds like
“DISTANT” (far)
• Can only refer to
something on a
limb/appendage
Superficial
• Toward the surface of
the body
• People who are
“superficial”…
Deep
• More internal/ away
from the surface
Let’s Review!
• On your Blank Man (no lines), draw and
label arrows for all Directional terms.
Homework
• Create Flash Cards for all Directional
terms.
• Terms: Anterior, Posterior, Superior, Inferior,
Medial, Lateral, Proximal, Distal, Superficial
Deep
• Side 1: Term and Picture
• Side 2: Definition and Sample Sentence (use
the Directional term in a sentence)
ANTERIOR LANDMARKS Front of the body
ABDOMINAL
• Stomach
• “Abs”!
ACROMIAL
• Point of shoulder
• Acromial Process
• Acriomoclavicular
Joint
ANTECUBITAL
• Front of elbow
• “Ante” = before
• “Cubitum” = Elbow
AXILLARY
• Armpit
• Axillary Lymph Nodes
• Axillary Nerve
Brachial
• Arm
• Brachial Artery
Buccal
• Cheek
• Buccal Mucosa
Carpal
• Wrist
• Carpal Tunnel
Syndrome
Cervical
• Neck
• Cervical Vertebrae
Coxal
• Hip
• Coxal Bone
Crural
• Leg (LOWER)
• Shin Splints may
occur here
Digital
• Fingers or Toes
Femoral
• Thigh
• Femur
Fibular
• Lateral side of leg
• Fibula
Inguinal
• Groin
• Where the femoral
region meets the
trunk
• Inguinal Lymph
Nodes
Nasal
• Nose
• Nasal Cavity
• Nasal Spray
Oral
• Mouth
• Oral Herpes
• Oral Cavity
Orbital
• Eye area
• “Circular”
• Orbital Cellulitis
Patellar
• Knee
• Patella = knee cap
Pelvic • Overlying the pelvis
• Intermediate between
abdominal and pubic
regions
Pubic • Genital region
• Pubic Hair (or lack
of…)
Sternal • Breastbone area
• Sternum
• Sternal Saw
Tarsal • Ankle Area
• Tarsal Bones
Thoracic • Chest
• Thoracic Vertebrae
• Thoracic Cavity
Umbilical • Navel or belly button
• Umbilical Cord
• Piercing!
POSTERIOR LANDMARKS Back of the body
Calcaneal • Heel of Foot
• Calcaneus: large
bone forming the heel
• Calcaneal Spur
Cephalic • Head
• Cephalopods =
marine animals with
large heads
• Octopus or squid
Deltoid • Curve of shoulder
• Deltoid Muscle
Femoral • Thigh
• Femur
Gluteal • buttock
• Gluteus Muscles
• Maximus
• Medius
• Minimus
Lumbar • Lower back between
ribs and hips
• Lumbar region of
spine
• Lumbar spondylosis
Occiptal • Posterior surface of
the head
• Occipital Lobe of
brain
• Occipital Bone
Olecranal • Back of elbow
• Olecranon Process
• Olecranon Bursitis
Plantar • Sole of the foot
• Actually on the
inferior body surface
• Plantar Warts
Popliteal • Back of the knee
• Popliteal Artery
Sacral • Between the hips/
tailbone area
• Sacrum
• Sacral Dimple
Scapular • Shoulder Blade
• Scapula
• Suprascapular Nerve
or Artery
Sural • Lower leg; CALF
• Gastrocnemius
• Sural Artery Surgery
Vertebral • Area of Spine (AKA
Vertebral Column)
• Vertrbra(e)
Let’s Review!
• Identify the Regional terms for all leader
lines on your diagram.
CSI Break
• Directional Terms
• In a complete sentence, identify which directional
terms you can use to describe what is happening in
the CSI
• Use each term in a sentence to describe the CSI.
• Regional Terms
• In a complete sentence, identify which regional terms
you can use to describe what is happening in the CSI
• Use each term in a sentence to describe the CSI.
Homework • Create Flash Cards for all Regional terms.
• Terms: abdominal, acromial, antecubital, axillary,
brachial, buccal, carpal, cervical, coxal, crural, digital,
femoral, fibular, inguinal, nasal, oral, orbital, patellar,
pelvic, pubic, sternal, tarsal, thoracic, umbilical,
calcaneal, cephalic, deltoid, femoral, gluteal, lumbar,
occipital, olecranal, plantar, popliteal, sacral,
scapular, sural, vertebral
• Side 1: Term and Picture
• Side 2: Definition and Sample Sentence (use the
Regional term in a sentence)
• all sentences should have context clues that hint
the meaning of the word