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Muhammad Fahri Jaya Sudding, 2020 ANALISIS WACANA KRITIS TERHADAP DUA MEDIA JEJARING SOSIAL TENTANG PEMINDAHAN IBU KOTA Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

ANALISIS WACANA KRITIS TERHADAP DUA MEDIA

JEJARING SOSIAL TENTANG PEMINDAHAN IBU KOTA

THESIS

diajukan untuk memenuhi salah satu syarat untuk memperoleh gelar Magister

Humaniora (M.Hum) Bidang Linguistik

MUHAMMAD FAHRI JAYA SUDDING

NIM. 1803232

PROGRAM MAGISTER LINGUISTIK

SEKOLAH PASCASARJANA

UNIVERSITAS PENDIDIKAN INDONESA

2020


========================================================================

ANALISIS WACANA KRITIS TERHADAP DUA MEDIA JEJARING

SOSIAL TENTANG PEMINDAHAN IBU KOTA

Oleh

Muhammad Fahri Jaya Sudding

S.S Universitas Negeri Makassar, 2018

Sebuah Tesis yang diajukan untuk memenuhi salah satu syarat memperoleh gelar

Magister Humaniora (M.Hum.) pada Bidang Linguistik

© Muhammad Fahri Jaya Sudding 2020

Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Desember 2020

Hak Cipta dilindungi undang-undang.

Tesis ini tidak boleh diperbanyak seluruhya atau sebagian,

dengan dicetak ulang, difoto kopi, atau cara lainnya tanpa ijin dari penulis.




HALAMAN PENGESAHAN TESIS

MUHAMMAD FAHRI JAYA SUDDING

1803232

ANALISIS WACANA KRITIS TERHADAP DUA MEDIA JEJARING

SOSIAL TENTANG PEMINDAHAN IBU KOTA

Disetujui dan disahkan oleh:

Pembimbing I:

Wawan Gunawan, M.Ed., Ph.D.

NIP. 197209162000031001

Pembimbing II:

Dadang Sudana, M.A., Ph.D.

NIP. 196009191990031001

Mengetahui,

Ketua Program Studi Linguistik

Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Dadang Sudana, M.A., Ph.D.

NIP. 19600919199003100





NIM 1803232

ABSTRAK

Media online tirto.id dan viva.news memberitakan secara massive tentang

pemindahan Ibu Kota Republik Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh

massive-nya pemberitaan pemindahan Ibu Kota dan adanya asumsi bahwa program

pemindahan Ibu Kota tersebut digerakkan oleh kelompok dominan yang

berkepentingan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menemukan perbedaan makna di

dalam menyampaikan pemberitaan serta adanya pemanfaatan wacana untuk

kepentingan tertentu dengan melibatkan analisis tiga struktur wacana, yaitu struktur

makro, superstruktur, dan struktur mikro pada berita pemindahan Ibu Kota yang

dimuat oleh media jejaring sosial, yaitu tirto.id dan viva.news. Penelitian ini

menggunakan pendekatan analisis wacana kritis model Van Dijk secara deksriptif

kualitatif. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa media tirto.id dan viva.news

menampilkan makna yang berbeda berdasarkan rentetan informasi dan proposisi

yang disampaikan. Makna yang dimaksud berupa perbedaan penciptaan koherensi

global atau global coherence (struktur makro), struktur tematik (superstruktur),

serta penanda akhir (struktur mikro). Selain itu, kedua media online tersebut

memiliki kecenderungan yang berbeda dalam merespon pemindahan lokasi Ibu

Kota. Implikasi hasil penelitian adalah penelitian ini bisa diaplikasikan untuk bahan

rujukan penelitian-penelitian ilmu Linguistik lainnya, terkhusus dalam bidang

analisis wacana kritis model Van Dijk.

Kata Kunci: media online, makna, analisis wacana kritis model Van Dijk,

struktur makro, superstruktur, struktur mikro, ideologi.


A CRTICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF TWO SOCIAL

MEDIA ABOUT CAPITAL CITY RELOCATION


NIM 1803232

ABSTRACT

Two social media, tirto.id and viva.news, reported massively about the relocation

of the Capital City of the Republic of Indonesia. This study was conducted by

incessant of news in reporting relocation of the Capital City and assumption of

relocation of the Capital City is moved by dominant groups which had specific

purposes. This study aimed to find differences meaning in conveying news and use

of discourse in specific purposes by involving three analysis of discourse structure,

namely macro structure, superstructure, and micro structure on news of Capital City

relocation in two social media, namely tirto.id and viva.news. This study used Van

Dijk’s model of critical discourse analysis approach in a qualitative descriptive. The

result of the data showed that the social media tirto.id and viva.news displayed

different meaning based on sequence information and proposition conveyed. The

meaning is in the form of different global coherence (macro structure), thematic

structure (superstructure), and final remark (micro structure). Additionally, both of

the social media had different tendencies in responding Capital City relocation. The

implication of the result of this study was this study can be applied as reference

material for other linguistic studies, especially in Van Dijk’s model critical

discourse analysis.

Keywords: Van Dijk’s model critical discourse analysis, social media, meaning,

macro structure, superstructure, micro structure, and ideology.


DAFTAR ISI

COVER .............................................................................................................. 0

HAK CIPTA........................................................................................................ i

PERNYATAAN ................................................................................................. ii

KATA PENGANTAR ....................................................................................... iii

UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ............................................................................. iv

ABSTRAK ......................................................................................................... vi

ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................... vii

DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................... viii

DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................. xi

DAFTAR GAMBAR ........................................................................................ xii

DAFTAR BAGAN .......................................................................................... xiii

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ................................................................................... xiv

BAB I .................................................................................................................. 1

PENDAHULUAN .............................................................................................. 1

1.1 Latar Belakang .................................................................................... 1

1.2 Pertanyaan Penelitian .......................................................................... 4

1.3 Tujuan Penelitian................................................................................. 5

1.4 Manfaat Penelitian ............................................................................... 5

1.5 Definsi Operasional.............................................................................. 6

BAB II ................................................................................................................ 8

LANDASAN TEORI.......................................................................................... 8

2.1 Wacana ................................................................................................. 8

2.2 Analisis Wacana ................................................................................... 8

2.3 Ideologi ................................................................................................. 9

2.4 Wacana dan Ideologi ......................................................................... 12

2.5 Analisis Wacana Kritis ...................................................................... 13

a. Tindakan ............................................................................................ 14

b. Konteks .............................................................................................. 14

c. Historis ............................................................................................... 15

d. Kekuasaan .......................................................................................... 15

e. Ideologi ............................................................................................... 16

2.6 Analisis Wacana Kritis Model Van Dijk ........................................... 16


2.7 Analisis Wacana Kritis Van Dijk Tataran Dimensi Teks ................ 19

a. Struktur Makro ................................................................................. 20

b. Superstruktur .................................................................................... 21

c. Struktur Mikro .................................................................................. 22

2.8 Representasi ....................................................................................... 22

2.9 Media Online ...................................................................................... 23

2.10 Ideologi dan Media Online ................................................................ 24

BAB III ............................................................................................................. 26

METODE PENELITIAN ................................................................................ 26

3.1 Desain Penelitian ................................................................................ 26

3.2 Data dan Sumber Data ...................................................................... 26

3.3 Teknik dan Instrumen Pengumpulan Data ...................................... 27

a. Teknik Dokumentasi .......................................................................... 27

b. Teknik Baca ....................................................................................... 27

c. Teknik Catat ...................................................................................... 27

3.4 Teknik Analisis Data.......................................................................... 28

3.5 Contoh Analisis .................................................................................. 29

BAB IV ............................................................................................................. 33

TEMUAN DAN DISKUSI ............................................................................... 33

4.1 Deksripsi Temuan Data ..................................................................... 33

A. Struktur Makro Pada tirto.id............................................................. 36

B. Struktur Makro Pada viva.news ........................................................ 48

C. Superstruktur Pada tirto.id ................................................................ 65

D. Superstruktur Pada viva.news ........................................................... 76

E. Struktur Mikro Pada tirto.id ............................................................. 86

F. Struktur Mikro Pada viva.news ......................................................... 91

4.2 Diskusi Temuan Data ........................................................................ 95

BAB V ............................................................................................................. 101

SIMPULAN, IMPLIKASI, DAN REKOMENDASI .................................... 101

5.1 Simpulan ............................................................................................... 101

5.2 Implikasi ............................................................................................... 103

5.3 Rekomendasi ......................................................................................... 103

DAFTAR PUSTAKA: .................................................................................... 105


Lampiran 1 ..................................................................................................... 111

A. Berita Keseluruhan tirto.id .................................................................. 111

B. Data Struktur Makro Berita tirto.id ................................................... 112

C. Data Superstruktur Berita tirto.id ...................................................... 113

Lampiran 2 ..................................................................................................... 116

A. Berita Keseluruhan viva.news ............................................................. 116

B. Data Struktur Makro Berita viva.news .............................................. 117

C. Data Superstruktur Berita viva.news .................................................. 119

RIWAYAT HIDUP………………………………..…………………………..122


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