an introduction to the periodic table using the periodic table an introduction to the elements
TRANSCRIPT
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An Introduction to the Periodic Table
Using the Periodic Table
An Introduction to the Elements
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Periodic Table Why Periodic????
The properties of the elements repeat in in a periodic way.
Invaluable tool for chemistry Used for organization History of the table
Newlands Meyer Mendeleev Mosley
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The Modern Periodic TableElements are
arranged by atomic number
Typical box contains: Name of the element Symbol Atomic number Atomic mass
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Periods Horizontal Rows Numbered 1-7
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Groups: Vertical Columns Numbered 1-18
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Interactive Periodic Tableshttp://periodic.lanl.gov/index.shtml
www.webelements.com
www.chemicool.com
http://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele016.html
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Classification of the ElementsMetals
Nonmetals
Metalloids
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Metals
•Occupy the left side of the periodic table•Have luster, shiny•Solids at room temp except Hg•Ductile: ability to be drawn into wires•Malleable: ability to be hammered into sheets•Excellent conductors of heat and electricity•Tend to form positive ions
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NonMetals Occupy the right side of the Periodic Table
Generally gases or brittle solids
Dull-lookingBrittle Poor conductors of heat and
electricityBromine is the only liquid
at room tempTend to form negative ions
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Metalloids
Characteristics of
metals and nonmetals
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Classification of the Elements
Families of elements share the same ending electron configuration therefore they share similar chemical
characteristics
Valence Electrons: electrons in the highest principal energy level Determine Chemical reactivity Elements in a group share the same number of
valence electrons
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Families of elements (Groups)Share structural and
chemical (behavioral) characteristics
Alkali Metals
Alkaline Earth Metals
Transition Elements
Halogens
Nobel Gases