an age of segregation by: natalie hrabrick, morgan iacovella samantha wakeley gabrielle ramseur
TRANSCRIPT
An Age of An Age of SegregationSegregation
By: Natalie Hrabrick,By: Natalie Hrabrick,Morgan IacovellaMorgan Iacovella
Samantha WakeleySamantha WakeleyGabrielle RamseurGabrielle Ramseur
Prejudice Prejudice WhoWho Black people and White
people
WhatWhat White people thought that they were superior to Black people
WhenWhen Existed since the time of slaves and has extended into the Civil Rights Movement
WherWheree
United States
WhyWhy Didn’t accept black people because of the color of their skin
The Start of the Jim Crow The Start of the Jim Crow LawsLaws
Started as a skitStarted as a skit Skits performed for funSkits performed for fun Jim Crow acted and made fun of Jim Crow acted and made fun of
BlacksBlacks Soon Whites made them into lawsSoon Whites made them into laws
The LawsThe Laws
Etiquette NormsEtiquette Norms Blacks couldn’t shake whites’ handsBlacks couldn’t shake whites’ hands A Black man couldn’t light a white A Black man couldn’t light a white
women’s cigarettewomen’s cigarette Blacks couldn’t have courtesy titlesBlacks couldn’t have courtesy titles At intersections, white people had At intersections, white people had
the right of waythe right of way
Plessy v. FergusonPlessy v. Ferguson Caused by Jim Crow LawsCaused by Jim Crow Laws Homer Plessy jailed for sitting in Homer Plessy jailed for sitting in
White section of streetcarWhite section of streetcar Case taken to Supreme CourtCase taken to Supreme Court Started “separate but equal”Started “separate but equal”
Think about it: What affects do you think the term “separate but equal” had on society?
SegregationSegregation
Sports
Bathrooms
Theaters
Restaurants
Schools
Black Black FacilitiesFacilities
White White FacilitiesFacilities
Far Away
Set up own
leagues
Unsanitary
Sit on top
row
Don’t work
ShoddyNo Books
Professional Leagues
Stadiums
Clean
Good
PlumbingFront Row Seats
Bus SystemBooks and SuppliesServed First
Wouldn’t get served
Different restaurants
Public
fields
Brown v. Board of Brown v. Board of EducationEducation
Goal: To get Linda Brown into a closer (all Goal: To get Linda Brown into a closer (all White) schoolWhite) school
Linda Brown had to travel farther then Linda Brown had to travel farther then needed to an African American school that needed to an African American school that was unequippedwas unequipped Oliver Brown took case to Local CourtOliver Brown took case to Local Court Case went to Supreme CourtCase went to Supreme Court Brown’s attorney, Thurgood Marshall, argued that Brown’s attorney, Thurgood Marshall, argued that
segregation made it impossible for equal education segregation made it impossible for equal education and that it made African American children feel and that it made African American children feel inferiorinferior
Eventually, Supreme Court agreed and one year Eventually, Supreme Court agreed and one year later ordered local schools to integratelater ordered local schools to integrate
Little Rock Central HighLittle Rock Central High
Agreed to integrate slowlyAgreed to integrate slowly 9 African Americans9 African Americans
Whites gathered outside of schoolWhites gathered outside of school AngryAngry
Guards escorted kidsGuards escorted kids Eventually whole school integratedEventually whole school integrated
Mary McLeod BethuneMary McLeod Bethune
Opened an all girl African American schoolOpened an all girl African American school Daytona Literary and Industrial School for Daytona Literary and Industrial School for
Training Negro GirlsTraining Negro Girls Attendance rate low Attendance rate low 6 children (5 girls and Mary’s son)6 children (5 girls and Mary’s son) School unequippedSchool unequipped
Charcoal instead of pencils, crates instead of Charcoal instead of pencils, crates instead of desks, ink came from crushed elderberriesdesks, ink came from crushed elderberries
School taught reading, writing, and home School taught reading, writing, and home economicseconomics
Montgomery City Bus Montgomery City Bus LinesLines
White people sit front to backWhite people sit front to back Black people sit back to frontBlack people sit back to front Drivers often abusiveDrivers often abusive Made people pay twiceMade people pay twice
Think about it: How could this treatment have started the boycott?
Rosa ParksRosa Parks
“I’m sick and tired of being sick and tired”
Rosa Parks was a Rosa Parks was a major leading major leading symbol during the symbol during the Civil Rights Civil Rights Movement. She Movement. She refused to get up refused to get up from her seat for a from her seat for a white man and was white man and was arrested on the arrested on the spot. She ignited spot. She ignited the flame of the the flame of the boycott and gave boycott and gave people inspiration people inspiration to continue to continue fighting prejudice.fighting prejudice.
December 1st, 1955
Rosa Parks Rosa Parks Born February Born February
4th in Tuskegee, 4th in Tuskegee, AlabamaAlabama
Grew up with Grew up with Grandmother Grandmother
on farmon farm
Settled in Montgomery Settled in Montgomery with husbandwith husband
Joined NAACPJoined NAACP
Worked for years Worked for years to improve African to improve African
American livesAmerican lives
Constant Constant fear of fear of
Clans and Clans and GangsGangs
Went to Alabama Went to Alabama State CollegeState College
Night of ArrestNight of Arrest
Friends in NAACP and WPCFriends in NAACP and WPC News spread quicklyNews spread quickly Jo Ann Robinson and WPC printed Jo Ann Robinson and WPC printed
thousands of fliers that nightthousands of fliers that night MIA held first meeting in Baptist MIA held first meeting in Baptist
churchchurch
Montgomery Improvement Montgomery Improvement AssociationAssociation
Formed overnightFormed overnight Keep boycott Keep boycott
organized and organized and efficientefficient
Leader: Martin Leader: Martin Luther King Jr.Luther King Jr. Offered Offered
encouragementencouragement Another leading Another leading
symbolsymbol ““Rolling Churches”Rolling Churches”
3 Demands3 Demands
1. First-come first-serve basis for seating
2. Black drivers hired for Black neighborhood routes
3. Drivers must conduct themselves
Think about it: Why do you think that African Americans needed to keep the boycott organized and efficient?
WPC
President: Jo Ann President: Jo Ann RobinsonRobinson Women’s Political CouncilWomen’s Political Council
Formed by educated Formed by educated women from Alabama women from Alabama State CollegeState College
Purpose: To improve Purpose: To improve African American African American statusstatus
Leading activist Leading activist group of the Civil group of the Civil Rights EraRights Era
President: Ralph President: Ralph David AbernathyDavid Abernathy Southern Christian Southern Christian
Leadership Leadership ProgramProgram
Atlanta, GeorgiaAtlanta, Georgia Continue Civil Continue Civil
Rights ActivismRights Activism
SCLC
Montgomery Bus BoycottMontgomery Bus Boycott
Mass Boycott of busesMass Boycott of buses Hurt Bus system financiallyHurt Bus system financially
African Americans were majority of bus African Americans were majority of bus ridersriders
Lasted a little over a yearLasted a little over a year African Americans faced violence African Americans faced violence
and unfair social injustices and unfair social injustices throughout itthroughout ithttp://www.youtube.com/watch?http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=1QZik4CYtgwv=1QZik4CYtgw
White People ReactWhite People React Police arrested:Police arrested:
Rolling Churches for speedingRolling Churches for speeding People walking to work for loiteringPeople walking to work for loitering
Gangs and lynchingsGangs and lynchings Bombed King’s HouseBombed King’s House
No one hurtNo one hurt Angry mobAngry mob ““We must meet hate with love.”We must meet hate with love.”
Think about it: What did King mean in his quote, “we must meet hate with love”
End of the BoycottEnd of the Boycott
Put to an End by Supreme CourtPut to an End by Supreme Court Declared segregation on buses was Declared segregation on buses was
unconstitutionalunconstitutional Mandate arrived on December 20Mandate arrived on December 20thth, ,
19561956 Following morning King rode the bus Following morning King rode the bus
next to a next to a white white ministerminister
Effects of the BoycottEffects of the Boycott
Achieved very little physically, a lot Achieved very little physically, a lot morallymorally
Showed African Americans had Showed African Americans had power in numberspower in numbers
Propelled King onto the national Propelled King onto the national stagestage
Monumental importanceMonumental importanceThink about it: How did the boycott have a mental affect on both Black and White people?
Martin Luther King, Martin Luther King, Jr.Jr.
Jo Ann RobinsonJo Ann Robinson Ralph David Ralph David AbernathyAbernathy
Mary McLeod BethuneMary McLeod Bethune Rosa ParksRosa Parks Linda BrownLinda Brown
Public Segregation of water fountain. Public Segregation of water fountain. The white water fountain was nicer The white water fountain was nicer
than the colored water fountain.than the colored water fountain.
Protest against school Protest against school integrationintegration
This is the This is the white man who white man who dressed as an dressed as an
African African American American named Jim named Jim
Crow to mock Crow to mock and make fun of and make fun of
the African the African American race. American race.
This was the This was the original ideas of original ideas of
the Jim Crow the Jim Crow Laws.Laws.
This is a cartoon showing people like
the Ku Klux Klan trying to tie down an
African American who is rising up to
freedom.
Martin Luther King Martin Luther King Jr. after the Jr. after the Montgomery Bus Montgomery Bus Boycott sitting next Boycott sitting next to a to a whitewhite minister minister