what the language is
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By Fitri
What is language
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Definition
Language is the medium ofexpression of our thoughts andfeelings
Symbolic system of sounds that conveysmeaning when put together according toa set of rules
Meanings attached to any given word inall languages are totally arbitrary
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Knowing the Language
1. Linguistic knowledge
when you know a language, you canspeak and be understood by others.
Have capacity to produce soundsthat signify certain meaning.
Understand or interpret the sounds
produced by others
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Example:
My goddaughter who wasborn in Sweden and who now lives
in Australia is named Disa, aftera Viking queen.
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2. Knowledge of the sound system
Knowing what sounds (signs) are inthat language and what sounds are not.
e.g. the word foreign
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Please read these words
flour Flower
Summer Glitter
Glaze Glimmer Glare Glimpse
Poverty Glisten
Prestige Glare Ridge Gleam
reach Ambiguous
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3. Knowledge of words
Knowing a language is also to knowthat certain sound sequences signify
certain concepts or meaning.e.g. Boy, toy, girl
Know the words in that language, that
is, the sound units that are related tospecific meaning.
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House maison (French),odan (Twi), dom (Russian).
Hand main (French),nsa (Twi), ruka (Russian), mano
(Spanish)
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Words from different languages
a. Kyinii f. Bolna
b. Doakam g. Wartawan
c. Odun h. Inaminatu
d. Asa i. Yawwa
e. Nyinngi
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Think these words
BegRequestAskGetObtainAcquireRecognizeKnow
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4. Knowledge of sentences and non-sentences
To memorize and store an infinite set
of sentences would require an infinitestorage capacity.
To learn a language, you must learn
something finite.
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Identify these sentences
1. a. John kissed the little old lady whoowned the shaggy dog.
b. who owned the shaggy dog John
kissed the little old lady.c. John is difficult to love.
d. It is difficult to love John.
e. John is anxious to go.
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f. It is anxious to go John
g. John, who was a student, flunked hisexam
h. Exams his flunked student a was whojohn
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Prescriptive grammar
Rule of grammar brought bygrammarians attempts to legislate what
speakers grammatical rules should be,
rather than what they are.e.g.
I am older than she
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Descriptive grammar
A linguists description or model of themental grammar, including the units,structures and rules
An explicit statement of what speakersknow about their language.
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