week 2 research methods. week 1 summary changes in definition of psychology current perspectives ...

WEEK 2

Research Methods

Week 1 Summary

Changes in definition of psychology Current perspectives Subfields of psychology Four big ideas

Current Perspectives

1. Neuroscience, 2. Evolutionary, 3. Behavior genetics, 4. Psychodynamic, 5. Behavioral, 6. Cognitive, 7. Social-cultural

a) How we learn observable responses

b) How our genes and our environment influence our individual differences

c) How behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures

d) How the body and brain enable emotions, memories, and sensory experiences

e) How we encode, process, store, and retrieve information

f) How the natural selection of traits passed down from one generation to the next has promoted the survival of genes

g) How behavior springs from unconscious drives and conflicts

Week 2 Contents

Scientific Method Descriptive Methods Correlational Methods Experimental Methods Research Ethics

Week 2 Learning Outcomes

Compare and contrast the use of case studies, naturalistic observations, and surveys to observe and describe behavior and explain the importance of random sampling (CLOs 2, 3)

Describe correlations and explain how they can lead to prediction but not cause-effect explanation (CLOs 2, 3)

Describe how experiments clarify or reveal cause-effect relationships (CLOs 2, 3)

Identify the ethical guidelines that safeguard human and animal research participants (CLOs 2, 3)

Scientific Method

Research Method Types

Descriptive methods

Correlational methods

Experimental methods

Descriptive Methods

Case studies Advantages and Limitations

Naturalistic observation Advantages and Limitations

Surveys and interviews Advantages and Limitations Sampling

Correlational Methods

Scatterplots

Correlational Methods

Correlational Methods

Correlational Methods

Correlational Methods

Advantages

Limitations

Correlational Methods

Experimental Methods

Experiments aim to manipulate an independent variable, measure the dependent variable, and control confounding variables

Experimental vs. control group Random assignment Double-blind procedure

Experimental Methods

Advantages

Limitations

Ethics of Psychological ResearchHow far can you go in the name of science?

Milgram Obedience Studies

Zimbardo’s Stanford Prison Study

APA Ethics Code

Informed consent

Protection from harm and discomfort

Confidentiality

Debriefing

Bias?

How do personal values influence psychologists’ research and application?

Context Matters

Homework for Week 3

Read from Chapter 2: 2-1 2-3 2-4 2-14 2-15 2-17

Complete

Worksheet 2

Read from Chapter 13: 13-9 13-10 13-11 13-12