wavelength division multiplexing
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Wavelength Division MultiplexingWavelength Division Multiplexing
• I. Introduction
• II. DWDM systems - architecture
• III. Effects in WDM systems
IntoductionIntoduction
Explosion in bandwidth requirements
Growth in network traffic
Important advances in data transmission
Law of the photon
How to achieve higher capacity?
Lightwave trends
Fiber capacity improvements
Evolution of WDM technology
Evolution of WDM technology (1996-2001)
Target: 1000 channels
Solutions
WDM systems market
WDM systemsWDM systems
WDM: channel spacing from 100 nm (13 THz) to 1 nm (130 GHz) DWDM: channel spacing from 1 nm (130 GHz) to 0,1 nm (13 GHz) FDM: channel spacing from 0.1 (13 GHz) to 0.01 nm (1.3 GHz) DFDM: channel spacing below 0.01 nm (1.3 GHz)
Principle of WDM
S e l e c t i v e W D M s y s t e m
M U X D M U X
M U X - m u l t i p l e k s e r D M U X - d e m u l t i p l e k s e r
B r o a d b a n d W D M s y s t e m
S sp S sp
F
F
F
S s p – b r o a d b a m d o p t i c a l c o u p l e r F – o p t i c a l f i l t e r
Bidirectional WDM system
F i r s t g e n e r a t i o n o f W D M s y s t e m s ( p o i n t – p o i n t t o p o l o g y )
N 1
N 2
N n
O 1
O 2
O n
O M U X O D M U XW O
tor św ia tłow odow y
N n – t r a n s m i t t e r ( l a s e r ) O M U X – m u x ( + a m p l i f i e r ) W O – a m p l f i e r O D M U X – d e m u x ( + a m p l i f i e r ) O n - r e c e i v e r
S e c o n d g e n e r a t io n o f W D M s y s t e m ( r in g t o p o lo g y )
pierśc ień pierśc ień
O XC
O AD M
O AD MO AD M
O AD M
O AD M
O X C - O p t ic a l C r o s s c o n n e c t O A D M - O p t ic a l A d d - D r o p M u l t ip le x e r
Third generation of WDM system (ring – mesh topology)
pierśc ień
O AD M
O AD M
O XC
pierśc ień
pierśc ień
O AD M
O AD M
O AD M
O AD M
O XC
O XCO AD M
główny p ierśc ień
O AD M
O XC
Next generation of metropolitan optical nework
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