Wavelength Division MultiplexingWavelength Division Multiplexing

• I. Introduction

• II. DWDM systems - architecture

• III. Effects in WDM systems

IntoductionIntoduction

Explosion in bandwidth requirements

Growth in network traffic

Important advances in data transmission

Law of the photon

How to achieve higher capacity?

Lightwave trends

Fiber capacity improvements

Evolution of WDM technology

Evolution of WDM technology (1996-2001)

Target: 1000 channels

Solutions

WDM systems market

WDM systemsWDM systems

WDM: channel spacing from 100 nm (13 THz) to 1 nm (130 GHz) DWDM: channel spacing from 1 nm (130 GHz) to 0,1 nm (13 GHz) FDM: channel spacing from 0.1 (13 GHz) to 0.01 nm (1.3 GHz) DFDM: channel spacing below 0.01 nm (1.3 GHz)

Principle of WDM

S e l e c t i v e W D M s y s t e m

M U X D M U X

M U X - m u l t i p l e k s e r D M U X - d e m u l t i p l e k s e r

B r o a d b a n d W D M s y s t e m

S sp S sp

F

F

F

S s p – b r o a d b a m d o p t i c a l c o u p l e r F – o p t i c a l f i l t e r

Bidirectional WDM system

F i r s t g e n e r a t i o n o f W D M s y s t e m s ( p o i n t – p o i n t t o p o l o g y )

N 1

N 2

N n

O 1

O 2

O n

O M U X O D M U XW O

tor św ia tłow odow y

N n – t r a n s m i t t e r ( l a s e r ) O M U X – m u x ( + a m p l i f i e r ) W O – a m p l f i e r O D M U X – d e m u x ( + a m p l i f i e r ) O n - r e c e i v e r

S e c o n d g e n e r a t io n o f W D M s y s t e m ( r in g t o p o lo g y )

pierśc ień pierśc ień

O XC

O AD M

O AD MO AD M

O AD M

O AD M

O X C - O p t ic a l C r o s s c o n n e c t O A D M - O p t ic a l A d d - D r o p M u l t ip le x e r

Third generation of WDM system (ring – mesh topology)

pierśc ień

O AD M

O AD M

O XC

pierśc ień

pierśc ień

O AD M

O AD M

O AD M

O AD M

O XC

O XCO AD M

główny p ierśc ień

O AD M

O XC

Next generation of metropolitan optical nework