vernacular architecture

SOUTHAND

CENTRALASIA

VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE

map

Indian’s Vernacular Architecture

IND

IAis the informal, functional architecture of structures, often in rural areas of India, built of local materials and designed to meet the needs of the local people.

It has been estimated that worldwide close to 90% of all building is vernacular.

South Asia

Indian’s Vernacular Architecture

IND

IA

South Asia

Toda,tribal hut

3 categories:IN

DIA

South Asia

Houses of Goa : Museum Goan architect Gerald da Cunha

IND

IA

South Asia

Earth ConstructionIN

DIA

South Asia

Mr. Rustam Vania’s houseIN

DIA

South Asia

Bamboo ConstructionIN

DIA

South Asia

IND

IA

South Asia

A KOVILAKOM NEAR THRISSUR

IND

IA

South Asia

Vernacular construction in Kerala

A KOVILAKOM NEAR THRISSUR

IND

IA

South Asia

Stone ConstructionIN

DIA

South Asia

A Farmhouse at Tanang, Sangli

A Farmhouse at Tanang, SangliIN

DIA

South Asia

A Farmhouse at Tanang, SangliIN

DIA

South Asia

NEO-VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE P

AK

ISTA

N

South Asia

This means to take the best features of traditional architecture and combine it with the modern requirements.

Most of the traditional architecture originated on the bases (need and availability)

p

akis

tan

South Asia

Alama Iqbal Airport

Lahore

the Aga Khan Hospital p

akis

tan

South Asia

Sri

Lan

ka

South Asia

Sri Lanka can be affected by a multitude of natural disasters such as cyclones, minorearthquakes, Tsunami, floods and landslides. Although it is relatively easier to avoid the sites prone to floods and landslides, the built environments must have sufficient robustness against cyclones and earthquakes.

Sri

Lan

ka

South Asia

Real examples are drawn from the tsunami reconstruction activities carried out in various parts of Sri Lanka where alternative materials such as Compressed Stabilized Earth bricks and blocks, rammed earth, chip concrete block sand micro concrete tiles have been used.

Building materials S

ri L

anka

South Asia

The present trend in the Sri Lankan housing industry is to use conventional building materials such as bricks, cement sand blocks, concrete and timber etc. for permanent housing.

Earth can be used for construction of walls in many ways.

Vaasthu culture S

ri L

anka

South Asia

Broad field of science, which includes the construction of houses, public, and religious buildings as well as direct surroundings.It takes into the account of energy flow, human health aspects and color combinations that have best effects on the residents of the house.

Vaasthu culture S

ri L

anka

South Asia An example of stupa in sri lanka

Vaasthu culture S

ri L

anka

South Asia

Avoiding bumidosa – land/soil qualities thatWill make the construction faulty.Comparing the horoscope and designs.Placing of doors and window accdg. To the correct natural direction.Placing the house to get the max. sunlight and air.Placing rooms accdg. To correct directions.Esp. the correct placing of the kitchen

BY: ARCH’T. GEOFFREY BAWA S

ri L

anka

South Asia

KIRINDA,SRI LANKA S

ri L

anka

South Asia

Traditional House of Bangladesh B

ang

lad

esh Typology

of house according to materials and location.

Traditional House of Bangladesh B

ang

lad

esh Traditional Houses

represent the heritage of a country and also reflects traditional forms and values, fundamental to the culture of the people of that country. It possesses distinct characteristics as regards planning, use of materials and location.

Traditional House of Bangladesh B

ang

lad

esh Till now the housing in

Bangladesh remains traditional. For centuries traditional house has been using locally available materials. It is only from that late 19th century that traditional house began to change in the use of housing materials.

Traditional House of Bangladesh B

ang

lad

esh The full planning

concept has been developed by the people according to need.This traditional house has been changed along with time to fulfil the demand of the user.

Traditional House of Bangladesh B

ang

lad

esh Almost all of houses in different parts of

Bangladesh were built with mud bricks.

The house forms, building styles and materials used in construction had significant variations in different areas of Bengal.

Historically, bamboo had been the most important building material for housing in Bangladesh.

choushala, britighar , atchala, postaghar, dishala bandh ghar, susthita ghar, and house of the tribal people.

Structural arrangement of traditional house

Ban

gla

des

h

seven types:

Types of Traditional House B

ang

lad

esh KUTCHA HOUSE: Which are

made of totally organic materials such as bamboo house, mud house, jute stick and catkin grass house, etc.

SEMI-PUCCA HOUSE: Which are made of mixed with some organic and inorganic materials such as steel house, wooden house etc.

KUTCHA HOUSE B

ang

lad

esh • Walls: Organic materials like jute

stick, catkin grass, straw, bamboo mats, etc. Split are bamboo framing. In some areas wall are made by earth. • Foundation: Earthen plinth with bamboo or timber posts. • Roof: Thatch-rice or wheat or maize straw, catkin grass, etc with split bamboo framing

KUTCHA HOUSEs B

ang

lad

esh

SEMI-PUCCA HOUSE: B

ang

lad

esh • Walls: Bamboo mats, CI sheet, Timber or

bamboo framing. In some areas wall are made

by earth. Sometimes part or full brick.

• Foundation: Earthen plinth; Brick perimeter wall with earth infill; Brick and concrete also use.

• Roof: CI sheet with timber or bamboo framing.

SEMI-PUCCA HOUSE B

ang

lad

esh

MUDHOUSE

MUDHOUSE B

ang

lad

esh

BAMBOO HOUSE B

ang

lad

esh

BAMBOO HOUSE Ban

gla

des

h

TIMBER AND STILT HOUSE B

ang

lad

esh

VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE N

EP

AL ECONOMICAL CONSTRUCTION

was and in many places still is a necessity due to limited resources.NEPAL is a country full of antiques and incredible blend of art, culture and region.

VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE N

EP

AL With the great variation of topography and

natural environment and equally large number of diverse ethnicity, rural vernacular architecture of Nepal can be Varied.

Permanent human settlements are found only in those high valleys where severe climate and terrain are slightly mitigated by permanent sources of water and Micro climate conditions

VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE N

EP

AL Three broad vernacular

architectural divisions:

-Terai-Middle hills-High Mountain

VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE N

EP

AL Hilly

Stone is the most common material used in construction work. Since the temperature in this area falls below freezing in winter and 25 degree is not common in the Hot months.

VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE N

EP

AL Stone is also the most

common material for wall and exterior paving and also used as roof cladding.

VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE N

EP

AL A typical dwelling has a foundation

of builders laid in mud mortar.

Stone wall, half meter thick has few openings set in from the corners.Verandahs are widely used in hilly region.

VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE N

EP

AL

Nepal Hotel

VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE N

EP

AL

Katinpur temple house

VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE N

EP

AL

Hotel in Kathmandu, Nepal

VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE N

EP

AL Ceilings are low, to prevent

warm air from rising to a level where its benefit will be lots.Buildings are situated around a

courtyard which is protected from the wind by building wall.

THANK YOU!

Krztyn Delgado, a second year college of Bachelor in Science in Architecture.

RESEARCH BY: