values by dr rosy walia. values – values are broad preferences concerning appropriate courses of...

VALUES

By Dr Rosy Walia

VALUES

– Values are broad preferences concerning appropriate

courses of action or outcomes.

– Basic conviction that a specific mode of conduct or end-state of existence is personally or socially preferable to an opposite or converse mode of conduct or end-state of existence

• VALUE SYSTEM A HIERARCHY BASED ON A RANKING OF AN INDIVIDUAL’S

VALUE IN TERMS OF THEIR INTENSITY

DO VALUES CHANGE???

• “NO”…They are relatively permanent• They are formed in our earlier years of life• Black n white…… what about grey???? VALUES INFLUENCE OUR ATTITUDES AND

BEHAVIORS DIFFERENCE IN VALUE SYSTEM DETERMINES

DIFFERENCES IN ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIOR

Sources of values

– Parents.

– Friends.

– Teachers.

– Role models.

– External reference groups

TYPES OF VALUES.

Milton Rokeach’s value categories: terminal values and instrumental values.

– Terminal values.• Preferences concerning the ends to be

achieved.– Instrumental values.• Preferences for the means to be used in

achieving desired ends.

TYPES OF VALUES(contd)

– Gordon Allport’s values categories.

• Theoretical values.

• Economic values.

• Aesthetic values.

• Social values.

• Political values.

• Religious values.

TYPES OF VALUES(contd)

– Maglino’s categories of workplace values.

• Achievement.

• Helping and concern for others.

• Honesty.

• Fairness

Hofstadter's Framework for Assessing Cultures

VALUE CONGRUENCE

. Value congruence– Occurs when individuals express positive feelings

upon encountering others who exhibit values

similar to their own.

– Incongruent values may result in conflicts over

goals and the means to achieve them

PATTERNS AND TRENDS IN VALUES.

– Movement away from the following values:

• Duty.

• Honesty.

• Responsibility.

• Economic incentives.

• Organizational loyalty.

• Work-related identity

PATTERNS AND TRENDS IN VALUES — cont.

– Movement toward the following values:

• Meaningful work.

• Pursuit of leisure.

• Personal identity.

• Self-fulfillment.

PATTERNS AND TRENDS IN VALUES — CONT.

– Important work-related values for the present and the future:

• Recognition for competence and accomplishments.

• Respect and dignity.

• Personal choice and freedom.

• Involvement at work.

• Pride in one’s work.

• Lifestyle quality.

• Financial security.

• Self-development.

• Health and wellness.

THE 8 VALUES OF HIGHLY PRODUCTIVE ORGANISATIONS

THE 8 VALUES OF HIGHLY PRODUCTIVE ORGANISATIONS

THE 8 VALUES OF HIGHLY PRODUCTIVE ORGANISATIONS