u.s. energy market: part 1 consumption
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U.S. Energy Market: Part 1Consumption
We consume 26% of World Energy or nearly 20 mmbo per day
Mature market economy
U.S. Energy Consumption, 1775-1999
Energy Consumption by Fuel, 1949-2020
U.S. Energy Flow, 1999 (Quadrillion Btu)
Transportation Consumption
Industrial Consumption
Long-Term Heating Oil Use (1947-1999)Residential, Commercial & Farming
Cost of Household Energy, 1979-1999Inflation Adjusted to 2000 Dollars
O& G Journal - 8/28/2000
Household Expenditures by Space-Heating Intensity, 1997
Gasoline Market
Gasoline Consumption
O& G Journal - 7/24/2000
Motor Vehicle Efficiency
Gasoline Additives & Markets
O& G Journal - 7/10/2000
O& G Journal - 7/10/2000
O& G Journal - 7/10/2000
Environmental Investments
O& G Journal - 7/17/2000
O& G Journal - 7/17/2000
Renewable Energy Consumption by Source
Renewable Energy Consumption by Source
Renewable Energy Consumption by Source
U.S. Energy Market: Part 2Production
Production and Consumption
Petroleum Production and Consumption
Oil Flow, 1999 (Millions Barrels per Day)
Oil Well Productivity
Lower 48 and Alaskan Crude Oil Production
Natural Gas Overview
Natural Gas Flow, 1999 (Trillion Cubic Feet)
Energy Production, 2000
Coal
• Major source of energy since 19c.• Production in eastern and western US• Significant CO2 and particulate emissions• Cleaner plants (still disposal issue)• Coalbed methane (capital investment)• International CO2 reduction (e.g., EPA/China)• Coal consumption down -both US & World• Key factors in production: rank, thickness,
continuity of beds; sulfur content; transportation; politics
Nuclear
• Significant since early 1970’s• No new plants approved, but licenses
renewed in several• Many plants deactivated• Nuclear waste disposal issue• International issues
- Russia/FSU
- France/Korea/Japan• Three Mile Island (1979) & Chernoble (1986)
Types of Oil and Gas Wells
• Exploration (high risk) ~10% av. success rate
Frontier
New basins
• Development (lower risk)Fields (Rocky Mt thrust belt v. Permian Basin)
Oil & Gas Exploratory Wells, 1949-1999
O& G Journal - 9/25/2000
O& G Journal - 9/25/2000
Oil & Gas Exploratory Wells, 1949-1999
O& G Journal - 9/25/2000
Oil & Gas Exploratory Wells, 1949-1999
Oil & Gas Development Wells, 1949-1999
Oil & Gas Development Wells, 1949-1999
Oil & Gas Development Wells, 1949-1999
Oil & Gas Drilling Activity Measurements
Drilling, Finding and Development Cost
Technically Recoverable Petroleum Resource Estimates, January 1, 1999
Technically Recoverable Petroleum Resource Estimates, January 1, 1999
Technically Recoverable Petroleum Resource Estimates, January 1, 1999
Summary
• U.S. oil production will continue to decline• U.S. increasing will be dependent upon oil
imports• Natural gas is of growing significance• Renewable energy and new technologies
are extremely important• Protecting the environment is a high
priority• A strong economy is a high priority
• April, 2001 WSJ/NBC poll found that energy was our most important economic issue by 3 to 1.
• US energy self-sufficiency is a myth (if we rely on fossil fuels).
• Is anyone concerned in Jan, 2002?
Part 3 Petroleum Reserves
• Industry Inventories– For operational needs (pipelines, refineries,
supply/demand)
• Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR)– Government controlled, emergency use
Strategic Petroleum Reserve
• 700 mmbo capacity at four salt domes in US Gulf Coast (545 mmbo in place in 2001).
• The SPR can hold approximately 70 days of oil imports at current demand.
Strategic Petroleum Reserve Stocks
2001 Oil Futures: Nymex
END
References
• SPR drawdowns trigger law of unintended consequences bySarah Emerson,Oil&Gas Journal, Dec 10, 2001, p. 24-30.
Inflation-Adjusted Cost of Crude Oil
SPR as Share of Domestic Stocks
O& G Journal - 7/24/2000
Inflation-Adjusted Cost of Crude Oil
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