unearthing the past by leonard barkan. the arch of septimius severus h built in 203 h for victories...
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Unearthing the PastbyLeonard Barkan
The Arch of Septimius SeverusThe Arch of Septimius Severus Built in 203 For victories
over the Parthians
Built in 203 For victories
over the Parthians
Excavated by Pope Pius VII in 1833Excavated by Pope Pius VII in 1833
The Arch of Septimius Severus
debris and detritusfrom more than a
thousand years
Torso Belvedere
Torso Belvedere
Unearthed in the 1430s
Early 1500s before it was recognized as a valuable work
Unearthed in the 1430s
Early 1500s before it was recognized as a valuable work
Torso Belvedere
Torso Belvedere
Sculptor: Apollonios, son of Nestor
Sculptor: Apollonios, son of Nestor
TiberTiberUnearthed 1440sRe-interredUnearthed again in 1512
Apollo BelvedereApollo Belvedere
Unearthed 1490 Vatican
Museum
Unearthed 1490 Vatican
Museum
The OthersThe Others
“A trove of statues” were unearthed in September 1514.
These depicted various wounded and dead soldiers.
“A trove of statues” were unearthed in September 1514.
These depicted various wounded and dead soldiers.
Two other [much copied] statues, however, not unearthedRome’s otherpopulation
Two other [much copied] statues, however, not unearthedRome’s otherpopulation
Left is the Sleeping Ariadne
To the right is the Marble Faun by Praxiteles
Left is the Sleeping Ariadne
To the right is the Marble Faun by Praxiteles
The Knowledge of Art History
The Knowledge of Art History
Pliny (23 AD to August 25, 79)
Wrote Naturalis Historia
Died in Mt. Vesuvius eruption
Pliny (23 AD to August 25, 79)
Wrote Naturalis Historia
Died in Mt. Vesuvius eruption
Mt. Vesuvius EruptionArtist’s rendering
Mt. Vesuvius EruptionArtist’s rendering
Actual View
Other writers that were influenced by Pliny and that influenced the arrival of the
Renaissance
Other writers that were influenced by Pliny and that influenced the arrival of the
Renaissance Petrarch (1304) Ghiberti (1378) Alberti (1404) Landino (1424) Vasari (1511)
Lives of the Most Eminent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects
Petrarch (1304) Ghiberti (1378) Alberti (1404) Landino (1424) Vasari (1511)
Lives of the Most Eminent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects
Of the Unearthed, the Greatest:
Laocoön
“..superior toany painting
and anybronze”
- Pliny
Of the Unearthed, the Greatest:
Laocoön
“..superior toany painting
and anybronze”
- Pliny
Unearthing the LaocoönUnearthing the Laocoön Unearthed
January 14, 1506 Recognized by
the famous architect, Giuliano da Sangallo
Also there were his son, Francesco, and Michelangelo
Unearthed January 14, 1506
Recognized by the famous architect, Giuliano da Sangallo
Also there were his son, Francesco, and Michelangelo
Laocoön’s beginningsLaocoön’s beginnings
Pliny(improbably)attributed the workto three sculptorsworking together:Agesander, Athenodoros and Polydorus
Pliny(improbably)attributed the workto three sculptorsworking together:Agesander, Athenodoros and Polydorus
Art and LanguageArt and Language
Ekphrases [The stories behind and descriptions of the artwork]
andTropes [The use of parts or
poses of the artwork to represent the prior ekphrases in a future artwork]
Ekphrases [The stories behind and descriptions of the artwork]
andTropes [The use of parts or
poses of the artwork to represent the prior ekphrases in a future artwork]
Ekphrasis of the Laocoön
Ekphrasis of the Laocoön
The sculpture shows the Trojanpriest Laocoön and his sonsAntiphantes and Thymbraeusbeing strangled by sea serpents. Laocoön was killed after attempting to expose the ruse of the Trojan Horse by striking it with a spear. The snakes were sent by Athena, and were interpreted by theTrojans as proof that the horse was a sacred
object. Which, of course, meant doom for the city.
The sculpture shows the Trojanpriest Laocoön and his sonsAntiphantes and Thymbraeusbeing strangled by sea serpents. Laocoön was killed after attempting to expose the ruse of the Trojan Horse by striking it with a spear. The snakes were sent by Athena, and were interpreted by theTrojans as proof that the horse was a sacred
object. Which, of course, meant doom for the city.
TropesTropes
Signs Signifier Signified
Deconstruction
Signs Signifier Signified
Deconstruction
FragmentsConnecting to the past
FragmentsConnecting to the past
Pope Julius II asked Michelangelo to finish the Torso Belvedere and the Laocoön.
Michelangelo refused. They are beautiful just the way they
are. Several of the works of Michelangelo
are unfinished or defaced by him.
Pope Julius II asked Michelangelo to finish the Torso Belvedere and the Laocoön.
Michelangelo refused. They are beautiful just the way they
are. Several of the works of Michelangelo
are unfinished or defaced by him.
Other FragmentsOther Fragments
Pasquino - unearthed in April, 1501Pasquino - unearthed in April, 1501
Reconstructionsof the Laocoön
Reconstructionsof the Laocoön
1510 Donato Bramante and Raphael run a contest.
The winner was Jacopo Sansovino. Baccio Bandinelli creates replica
and does another arm. 1532 Montorsoli executed an arm. 1540 Could have been
Michelangelo.
1510 Donato Bramante and Raphael run a contest.
The winner was Jacopo Sansovino. Baccio Bandinelli creates replica
and does another arm. 1532 Montorsoli executed an arm. 1540 Could have been
Michelangelo.
Other ReconstructionsOther ReconstructionsPasquino immediately became a place where dissentcould be posted anonymously. Messages are usuallywritten in first-person. Attimes the statue is dressedfor festivalsor to representthe target ofthe dissent.This is stilldone today.
Re-assimilationsRe-assimilations
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