tx history-ch-18.4
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Chapter 18: Texas & the Civil WarSection 4: The Texas Home Front
Thinking Question
•How might the Civil war have affected
civilians?
•How do you think Unionists were
treated?
The Wartime Economy & the Draft
• Texas suffered less than other Confederate states
• Goods became scarce & expensive:
– Paper
– Medicine
– Coffee
The Wartime Economy & the Draft
• Texans adapted
• Farmers grew less cotton and more corn and wheat
• Slaveholders from other states sent their slaves to Texas to prevent them from being freed
The Wartime Economy & the Draft
• Women & children ran plantations
• Women worked to support the war
The Wartime Economy & the Draft
Gov. Francis Lubbock (1861-1863) Gov. Pendleton Murrah (1861-1865)
The Wartime Economy & the Draft
• April 1862: Confederate Congress enacted a draft
• Draft—law that was unpopular because some people received exemptions
The Wartime Economy & the Draft
•White males 18-35
•Later broadened to 17-50
The Wartime Economy & the Draft
• Exemptions:
–Certain jobs
–Buy way out of service or provide substitute
Unionists in Texas
• Confederate draft received opposition from Unionists
• Most joined war effort, but some refused to fight
• Unionists viewed as potentially dangerous traitors
Unionists in Texas
•Martial law—kind of rule sometimes established in parts of Texas that were Unionist
Unionists in Texas• Some Unionists violently attacked:
– August 1862: 60 Germans Texans attacked when fleeing to Mexico to escape draft
– 50 Germans hanged in Central Texas when they organized to protest war
– Oct. 1862: 40 suspected Unionists hung in the “Great Hanging” in Gainesville
Illustration appeared in Frank Leslie's Illustrated Weekly Newspaper February 20, 1864
Problems for Unionists in Texas
Effects on Unionists
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