the livestock and fish program (eng)
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The Livestock & Fish Program
Tom Randolph
Nicaragua Dairy Value Chain Planning MeetingManagua, 5 August 2013
The challenge
• Can research accelerate livestock and aquaculture development to benefit the poor?
– Mixed record to date
– Systematic under-investment
– Also related to our research-for-development model?
• Focus on increasing productivity of small-scale production and marketing systems
– ‘by the poor’ poverty reduction
– ‘for the poor’ food security
Managing a smoother transition out of agriculture
• Estimates for smallholders in Africa and Latin America (Wiggins 2012; Dorward 2009) :
• Can 2/3 be enabled to develop into commercial producers, accumulate capital and transition out of agriculture?
deeper rural economic growth avoid social disruption
(Johnston et al. 1995)
1/3 Will ‘step up’ to become commercial farmers
1/3 Will ‘step out’ and work for other, go to the city
1/3 Could go either way
But productivity gap remains despite investment in livestock development
0.060.08
0.03
0.17
0.06
0.11
0.04
0.2
Meat (kg output/kg biomass/yr)
1980
2005
Africa
Latin Americ
a
South
Asia
Industrial
ized Count...
4111021
517
4226
397
1380904
6350Milk (kg/cow/yr)
19802005
Inputs & Services Production Processing Marketing Consumers
Solutions developed for isolated issues in specific settings, but ignoring other constraints in the value chain that discourage uptake
Inputs & Services Production Processing Marketing Consumers
...in Country A
Inputs & Services Production Processing Marketing Consumers
Inputs & Services Production Processing Marketing Consumers
...in Country D
...in Country C
...in Country B
Why haven’t we had more impact?Is it the piecemeal nature of our research?
A smarter approach?
Drawing from recent experiences, can we accelerate research to impact?
Strategic L&F CRP Cross-cutting Platforms• Technology Generation• Market Innovation• Targeting & Impact
Inputs & Services Production Processing Marketing ConsumersR4D integrated to transform selected
value chains In targeted
commodities and countries.
Value chain development team + research partners
GLOBAL RESEARCH PUBLIC GOODS
INTERVENTIONS TO SCALE OUT REGIONALLY
#1: Addressing the whole value chain
Major intervention with development partners
Approach: Solution-driven R4D to achieve impact
#2: Working directly to design and support intervention at scale
#3: In partnership with development actors
#4 Focus, focus, focus! Working in 8 target value chains accountability
PIGS
AQUACULTURE
SHEEP & GOATS
DAIRYDUAL-PURPOSE
CATTLE
Our engagement in a value chain embodies our impact pathwayApproach: Solution-driven R4D to achieve impact
Year 1 Year 8-12
Program horizon in a target value chain
Rela
tive
degr
ee o
f inv
olve
men
t Research partners
Development partners
AssessmentMobilizationBest bets
ExperimentsEvaluationEvidence
DesignPiloting
LessonsContext
AdvocacyDissemination
Attracting investment
Implementing large-scale interventions
Knowledge partner
Along the impact pathway PIPELINE
DEVELOPMENT
Strategic partners
Global
Regional
Local
• CARE• SNV• Novus
• FAO• NGOs (CRS,Heifer, ..)• Private Sector
• TechnoServe• Etc.
RESEARCH
Global
Regional
Local
• SLU (Sw)• Wageningen UR
• CATIE
• UNA• INTA
Our proposition
Increased access to animal-source foods for the poor, especially women and children, can be achieved at scale by strengthening carefully selected meat, milk and fish value chains in which the poor can capture a significant share of the benefits. Technologies and lessons generated through this focused approach will be applicable in broader regional and global settings.
More meat, milk and fish by and for the poor
Research outputs to global development goalsMDGs - SDGs
12-18 yearsCGIAR System Level
Outcomes Livestock & Fish goals
Intermediate Development Outcomes+ Target statements + Theory of Change9-12 years
Value Chain Impact Pathway VC1 Nicaragua VC2 Uganda VC3 India etc.
Δ behaviour direct benefit 3-yr milestones
0-12 years
CRP Activities + Outputs (research, capacity building, engagement)
IPG Impact PathwayEnabling
Environment3-yr milestones
Research outputs to global development goalsMDGs - SDGs
12-18 years SLO1 Reduce Poverty
CRP goals
IDO6 Better policies9-12 years
Value Chain Impact Pathway 0-12 years
CRP Activities + Outputs • Actionable options• Engagement/transformation Process• Evidence base
IPG Impact Pathway
SLO2 Food Security
SLO3 Nutrition & Health
SLO4 Environment
IDO5 Environmental benefits
IDO4 Reduce nutrient gap
IDO3 More employment
& income, esp. for women
IDO1 Improved productivity
IDO2 More & better supply
IDO7 More forage?
Status• Partnership of 4 CGIAR Centers
• Officially started January 1st, 2012
• Forming core team
• Developing strategy by component and value chain
• Identifying strategic partners
• Consolidating ongoing activities
Nicaragua Value ChainProgress so far
• VC Analysis (on-going)• Bilateral projects being implemented • Proposal Development• Institutional linkages
• Key achievements in 2012 and 2013– Funding partly secured through bilateral projects (recent: ADA,
FSP-Solidaridad– Preliminary analysis value chain (workshops)– Development of innovative concepts related to the dairy value
chain, including carbon insetting and combining forage options with agroforestry practices
Nicaragua Value ChainPartners and other major actors• Research institutes: CATIE
• Government: Ministry of Agriculture, INTA
• Famers associations – cooperatives (CONAGAN, UNAG, NicaCentro)
• Sector organizations – CANISLAC, CANICARNE
• Private sector – Dairy and meat processing (Centrolac, Eskimo, MACESA, San Martin)
• Universities (national: UNA, UCA; international: Florida, Mississippi)
• Development organizations, NGOs, consultants – CRS, Heifer, Solidaridad, TechnoServe
Nicaragua Value ChainBilateral projects activities in 2014
THEME DONOR SINCE
Integration of new forage hybrids to intensify agriculture and to mitigate climate change through regulation of nitrification in soil
BMZ Mid 2012
Dry season forage options and dairy processing USDA through CRS
Starting
Increasing the productivity of dual-purpose cattle in Nicaragua through use of appropriate breed types and application of best husbandry practices
ADA Starting
Sustainable grassland intensification through ecosystem services and improved grazing management strategies
USAID Starting
Competitive beef and dairy through sustainable intensification and specialized market access
Netherlands Government (FSP) / Solidaridad
Starting
Nicaragua Value ChainMain activities expected in 2014
• Refined VCA tools developed (2013)• Situational analysis implemented using VCA tools• Dual-purpose productivity improved in target areas• Ecosystem services identified and validated (e.g.,
carbon insetting) to increase natural resource integrity and generate income
• Cattle farmers with acquired knowledge and implementing good farm management practices
Nicaragua Value ChainMain challenges we are facing
• Sustained funding (flagship) – developing concept notes and proposals
• Critical mass – hiring staff, collaboration/integration with other CRPs and partners (e.g., CATIE, Heifer)
• Knowledge/Expertise – hiring specialized staff, collaboration with other CRPs, partners
• Partner involvement – workshops, communicating results, “advocacy”
• Effective impact pathways – workshops, consultations with partners/ vc actors
CGIAR is a global partnership that unites organizations engaged in research for a food secure future. The CGIAR Research Program on Livestock and Fish aims to increase the productivity of small-scale livestock and fish systems in sustainable ways, making meat, milk and fish more available and affordable across the developing world.
CGIAR Research Program on Livestock and Fish
livestockfish.cgiar.org
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