the european union. “faire l’europe c’est faire le paix” jean monnet jean monnet robert...
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The European Union
“Faire L’Europe C’est Faire Le Paix” Jean Monnet
Jean Monnet Robert Shuman
Europe United
The European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), 1952
The European Community (EC)– Treaty of Rome (1957)
– Single European Act (1986) – common market
European Union (EU)– Maastricht treaty (1992)-monetary union
Treaty Establishing a Constitution for Europe (2004)
Levels of Economic Integration
Free Trade Area (FTA):– North America Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
Customs Union:– European Community before Single European Act
– MERCOSUR
Common market:– European Community after Single European Act (1986) implemented
Economic and monetary union– European Union after Maastricht treaty (1992) implemented
European Union Enlargement
1973: Britain, Ireland, Denmark (9)
1980s: Greece, Portugal, Spain (12)
1994: Austria, Finland, and Sweden (15)
2004: 8 CEE countries, Malta, and Cyprus (25)– Bulgaria, Romania – bid for 2007 membership
– Turkey, Croatia – started membership negotiations
European Institutions(Supranational Institutions)
European Council– Heads of States
Council of Ministers– Government officials/Ministers
European Parliament– Directly elected country representatives
European Commission– 25 commissioners, civil servants
– Directorates Generals: Environment, Trade, Justice, External Relations, etc.
European Court of Justice European Central Bank
EU Legislation Case Study
Directive 2001/80/EC limiting emissions of certain air pollutants large combustion plants (SO2, NOx, dust)
European Commission– 1997 Acidification Strategy
– Proposes directive to tighten emissions for power plants
Council of Ministers and European Parliament adopt directive in 2001
European Commission monitors
ECJ: Cassis de Dijon
Germany bans import of Cassis de Dijon liqueur
German import company Rowe-Zentral AG takes case to the ECJ
Precedent for the “mutual recognition” principle
European Budget
Total (2005): 106bn Euros
Agriculture (46%):– “with the amount of EU
agricultural subsidies you can fly every EU cow across the Atlantic first class”
Regional and Structural Funds (30%)
Source: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/europe/04/money/html/other.stm
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