technology insertion: a well-grounded approach to implementing out of this world technology
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A Well Grounded
Approach to
Implementing Out of
This World
Technology
Introduction and Session Objectives
• Guest Host: Sherri Breece, Honeywell Human Space Sr. Systems and Software Engineering Manager
• Title: A Well-Grounded Approach to Implementing Out of the World Technology
• The objective of this interview is to introduce you to a methodology for technology insertion in products and systems
• The following questions will be answered:
– What are Technology, Integration and System Readiness Levels?
– How do I incorporate technology into products or services and or what approach do I use?
– How do I mitigate the risk of incorporating technology into a product?
What do These Products Have in Common?
Flame Resistant Clothing
ReflectiveMaterial
Answer
• They are all products that resulted from technology necessary for the success of the Apollo missions and human lunar exploration.
Special Guest
• Mitch Fletcher – Chief Systems Engineer for Honeywell Human Space Division
TRL (Technology Readiness Level):
Used as an input to the analysis to measure the maturity of each component technology.
IRL (Integration Readiness Level):
Used as an input to the analysis to measure the integration of two TRL assessed technologies.
SRL (System Readiness Level):
Used to assess the overall system development and prioritize potential areas that require further development.
SRL Index => What it Contains?
What is Technology and How is its Maturity Measured?
What Drives New Technology and What are the Priorities?
• Considerations (Figure of Merit drives)
– Need – Beat competition, solves a problem
– Cost – Cost to mature technology
– Schedule – How long will it take to mature
– Risk to mature/insert
– Integration readiness
Six-Sigma Tools Are Used to Prioritize Technology Focus
Based on Importance to the Customer
PriorityC
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tom
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Need
s
How does NASA define TRL?
9) Actual system 'flight proven' through successful mission operations
8) Actual system completed and 'flight qualified' through test and demonstration (ground or space)
7) System prototype demonstration in a space environment
6) System/subsystem model or prototype demonstration in a relevant environment (ground or space)
5) Component and/or breadboard validation in relevant environment
4) Component and/or breadboard validation in laboratory environment
3) Analytical and experimental critical function and/or characteristic proof of concept
2) Technology concept and/or application formulated
1) Basic principles observed and reported
1 Mankins, John C. (6 April 1995). "Technology Readiness Levels: A White Paper". NASA, Office of Space Access and Technology,
Advanced Concepts Office. http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/codeq/trl/trl.pdf.
What is IRL and Why Does it Matter?
What is SRL and Why is it Important?
Systems Engineering Approach for Maturing Technology
Focus of our discussion today
Systems Engineering Approach for Maturing Technology
Describes the Scope and Context (Vocabulary of the Architecture
All View
Operational
View
Identifies What Needs to be
Accomplished and Who Does It
Services
View
Relates Services and
Characteristics to
Operational Needs
System
View
Relates Systems and
Characteristics to
Operational Needs
Technical Standards
View
•Prescribes Standards and
•Conventions
Core
Architecture
Describes How the System
Is Implemented
• Technical Standards Criteria
Governing Interoperable
Implementation/Procurement of
the Selected System Capabilities
• Specific System Capabilities
Required to Satisfy Information
Exchanges
Capability
View
Deployed Capability
Timing of Capability
Who is Responsible for Inserting New Technology?
• One approach for roles and responsibilities
SRS
Definition TRL 1-3 TRL 4-6 TRL 7-9
Research Center 6.1 Scientist n/a n/a
Applied research 6.2 n/a Scientist n/a
Advanced technology dev. 6.3a n/a Joint Engineer
Major systems development 6.3b-6.6 n/a n/a Engineer
TRL 1-3 TRL 4-6 TRL 7-9
JointScientist Engineer
What are Some Actual Examples of Technology Insertion?
• Two Space products currently in production
–Control Moment Gyros
–Space Isolation Mechanism
• Integrating two products to obtain high SRL
–Momentum Control System
Control Moment Gyro Example
• Product Description: A Control Moment Gyro is an attitude control device used to control Spacecraft position and direction.
– Provides the ability to point and stabilize a spacecraft
• Application: ─ Satellite and payload pointing
─ Satellite stabilization - successfully flown for LEO/GEO/HEO satellites
─ Other spacecraft stabilization, such as ISS
Control Moment Gyro Example
• Technologies Developed:
– Tribology (Bearing System)
– Control Algorithm (apparent ϕjc)
– Structure
– Steering Laws
• Technical Challenges Encountered:
– CMG size reduction
Driven by customer needs
– Interaction of two structures
CMG wants stiff, Isolation wants soft
Packaging and optimal placement
– Cable interface across soft mount
Structural Control Mechanism (Isolator Example)
• Product Description: Structural Stabilization Mechanisms
– Passive Structural Controls
Tuned Mass Dampers
D-Strut® Structural Damper
– Hybrid (Active/Passive) Payload Isolation and Precision Pointing
Vibration Isolation Suppression and Steering (VISS)
Miniature Vibration Isolation System (MVIS)
– Launch Vibration Isolation
• Application:
– Spacecraft and payload stabilization
– Antenna Pointing
– Instrument Pointing (Camera, Scanners,
Spectrometer, etc.)
Structural Control Mechanism (Isolator Example)
• Technologies Developed:
– Modification of existing technology for Space applications
– Application specific patents
• Considerations and Approach:
– A “few” appendage Modes
– Many structural resonances
– High frequency base motion
– Payload disturbance and pointing, low frequency base motion.
– Launch induced vibrations on entire spacecraft
Integrating Two High TRL Products Have a High SRL, Right?
• Integrating two Mature Products isn’t a Slam Dunk
– Sometimes the square peg doesn’t fit into the round hole
– It may require a little patience in putting the puzzle together
– Following the Systems Maturity Process model will result in Success!
Integrated CMGs and Isolation Mechanism
• Product Description: Integrated Momentum Control System
– Integrates multiple CMG’s with Structural Isolation Mechanism
Application: Momentum Control System
Problem
• CMGs are a primary contributor to the jitter that affects Electro-optical and Infrared payloads
Solution
• Integrate isolation solutions and structural analysis models and capabilities into satellite design.
Momentum Control System (MCS) Value Proposition
• Reduces cost of CMGs to meet spacecraft / payload jitter requirements when combined with D-Struts
• Eliminates majority of Prime Contractor research and development for MCS structural mode analysis
• Provides Value to customers to have an integrated system vs. individual products for the transfer of system integration responsibility and fail-safe performance.
Isolation System used in commercial satellites
• CMGs (4-6)
• Integrated D-Strut ®
structural dampers
• Palette / bench with quantified structural stiffness
• CMG electronics
• Processor that hosts CMG steering laws
Questions?
Space Station Docking Exercise
• Objective: Identify which sensor(s) and flight computer to “Integrate” with the thrusters to complete an autonomous docking system for spacecraft to ISS docking.
• Develop Figure of Merit Chart to drive decisions
• Select recommended sensors
• Be prepared to explain why they were selected.
Spacecraft Auto Docking to Space Station
• The Space Shuttle used a manual docking method
– Communication and Navigation System is used to 50 meters
– Astronaut then points Lidar gun at Space Station
– Pilot manually guides the sensor in with jet control
• Exercise:
– Use the sensors and flight computer to “Integrate” with the thrusters to complete an autonomous docking system
– Mission is from 1 Km to docking
More than one sensor type will be needed
– Optimize performance for the customer system
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