team peregrine chemical agent detection from small unmanned aerial system using hyperspectral sensor...
Post on 24-Dec-2015
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TEAM PEREGRINE
Chemical Agent Detection from Small Unmanned Aerial System Using
Hyperspectral Sensorat the
Office of the Secretary of DefenseRapid Reaction Technology Office (RRTO)
THUNDERSTORM 15-323-25 February 2015
Camp Shelby, MS
Objectives
THUNDERSTORM 15-3 Focus Area: Explore emerging technologies for their technical applications and their potential to use a battery-powered Vertical Take-Off and Land (VTOL) Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) to support the detection and identification of chemical and/or biological Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD).
TEAM PEREGRINE: •Integrate sUAS and Nano-Hyperspec® Hyperspectral (HSI) Sensor•Adapt sUAS Flight Characteristics to Accommodate HSI Data
Collection•Demonstrate Chemical Agents Detection Through Hyperspectral Data
Analysis
• Camp Shelby, Hattiesburg Mississippi • Combined Arms Collective Training Facility (CACTF)• Data was collected on 24 February 2015 at approximately 1030hrs
Location/Environment
23 FEB50%
46/34
24 FEB 25FEB40% 100%
38/3242/35
Weather
CACTF
Simulant Chemical Target Material Methyl Salicylate (MES)
Target Environment
• Urban environment of various building materials, structures and sizes.
• Dispersal Method: Placed on black plastic, clear plastic, soil and concrete
Target Characteristics
• Standard US Army Chemical Simulant• Complex organic ester naturally produced by
many species of plants, particularly wintergreens
sUAS System Overview
Hyperspectral SensorKey Specifications:• 640 spatial bands• 270 spectral bands• ~2.2nm spectral sampling interval• 5nm spectral resolution (FWHM with 20-micron slit)• 17mm lens (others available and switchable)• 480GB storage capacity (~ 130 minutes at 100 fps)• Connectivity: Gigabit Ethernet• Size 3" x 3" x 4.72" (76.2mm x 76.2mm x 119.92mm)• Weight: less than 1.6 lb. (0.72kg)
Small Unmanned Aerial SystemKey Specifications:• Hex Multicopter Frame• 3DR Pixhawk Open-Source Flight Controller• Fully Autonomous Flight Control and Mission Planning• Endurance 13-17 min with options for longer flights• Data processed post-flight• Weight: less than 8 lbs
640px
270“Layers”
Planned Mission
Flown Mission
Mission Planning
Autonomous Route• 5-meter/second Speed• 300 Feet Altitude• Flight Duration 7 Minutes
MES Target Information
Provided• Located within Polygon• Dispersed on and near structures
Flight PatternTarget Boundary
Mission As Flown• Nadir coverage from sensor• Computer controlled
(Autonomous) flight
Data Processing Parameters • Visible-Near Infrared (VNIR) (400-1000nm) Hyperspectral (HSI) data was
calibrated to spectral radiance and ortho-rectified• Calibrated images were atmospherically corrected using a modified flat field
technique• Bad bands were removed from each image• Target detection for the MES lab signature was performed using
• Matched Filter• Spectral Angle Mapper• Constrained Energy Minimization• Adaptive Coherence Estimator
• Positive detections and false positives suppression used thresholds employing a weights of evidence model for the performance of all four algorithms
Calibration factors for modified flat field correction
• Lab spectrum for MES plotted in RED vs detected spectral signatures for MES in-scene
• Detection 1 depicts a much higher concentration of the MES chemical than Detection 2
• Detection 3 depicts a higher concentration than Detection 2 but lower than Detection 1
Detection 2Detection 1
Detection 3
Spectral Identification
Accomplishments
• sUAS Frame-Mounted Hyperspectral Sensor Collects Push Broom Imagery that enables Detailed Analytics of the Data Cube, such as target detection and identification
• Data Cube Analytics Enable Positive Identification of Target Simulant Material (Methyl salicylate)
• No “False Positive” Detections Within the Data Cube
• Identify Areas for Improvements in Optimal System sUAS, Sensor, Data Analytic Software Integration Real-Time Analysis and Reporting for Collected Data Autonomous Flight Control
• Able to Collect Actionable Data Despite Overcast Skies
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