table of contents 1.1 states of matter solidsolid liquidliquid gasgas

Table of ContentsTable of Contents

1.11.1

States of MatterStates of Matter

•Solid Solid •LiquidLiquid

•GasGas

Write down 2 Write down 2 examples of solids, examples of solids, liquids and gasesliquids and gases

• SolidsSolids

• IceIce

• KeysKeys

• GoldGold

• PenPen

• woodwood

• LiquidsLiquids

• JuiceJuice

• WaterWater

• SodaSoda

• MilkMilk

• gasolinegasoline

• Gases

• Oxygen

• Smoke

• Air

• Propane

• Methane

• CO2

Write down 2 Write down 2 examples of solids, examples of solids, liquids and gasesliquids and gases

• SolidsSolids

• GoldGold

• IronIron

• StoneStone

• SoapSoap

• CheeseCheese

• MetalsMetals

• LiquidsLiquids

• SodaSoda

• WaterWater

• JuiceJuice

• OilOil

• MilkMilk

• shampooshampoo

• Gases• Carbon

dioxide• Oxygen• Steam• Nitrogen• Helium• Smoke

Liquids

Solids

Gases

• A mixture, such as A mixture, such as the pizza or soft the pizza or soft drink shown, is a drink shown, is a material made up material made up of two or more of two or more substances that can substances that can be easily separated be easily separated by physical means.by physical means.

Mixtures

Composition of MatterComposition of Matter

• A combination of two or more substances in which the basic identity of each substance is not changed.

Mixtures

Composition of MatterComposition of Matter

Heterogeneous Mixtures

Composition of MatterComposition of Matter

• A mixture in which A mixture in which different materials can be different materials can be distinguished easily is distinguished easily is called a called a heterogeneousheterogeneous (he tuh ruh JEE nee us)(he tuh ruh JEE nee us) mixture.

• Most of the substances you come in contact with every day are heterogeneous mixtures. Some components are easy to see, like the ingredients in pizza, but others are not.

Heterogeneous Mixtures

Composition of MatterComposition of Matter

• For example, the cheese in pizza is also a mixture, but you cannot see the individual components.

Homogeneous Mixtures

Composition of MatterComposition of Matter

• A A homogeneoushomogeneous (hoh muh (hoh muh JEE nee us)JEE nee us) mixturemixture contains contains two or more gaseous, liquid, two or more gaseous, liquid, or solid substances blended or solid substances blended evenly throughout.evenly throughout.

• Soft drinks contain water, sugar, flavoring, coloring, and carbon dioxide gas.

Homogeneous Mixtures

Composition of MatterComposition of Matter

• Soft drinks in sealed bottles are examples of homogeneous mixtures.

• Another name for homogeneous mixtures like a cold soft drink is solution.

Homogeneous Mixtures

Composition of MatterComposition of Matter

• A solution is a homogeneous mixture of particles so small that they cannot be seen with a microscope and will never settle to the bottom of their container.

•Materials are made of a pure substance or a mixture of substances.

Pure Substances

Composition of MatterComposition of Matter

• A pure substance, or simply a substance, is a type of matter with a fixed composition.

• A substance can be either an element or a compound.

Alloys 15.115.1

•Solid solutions that contain different metals and sometimes nonmetallic substances.

Alloys 15.115.1

Composition of MatterComposition of Matter

• Solid solutions that contain different metals and sometimes nonmetallic substances.

Alloys 15.115.1

Composition of MatterComposition of Matter

• Examples

Gold Alloys - Pure gold is generally too soft to be used for jewelry, so other metals are nearly always added to it

Gold Alloys 15.115.1

Composition of MatterComposition of Matter

Gold Karat Markings24K gold is pure gold. 18K gold contains 18 parts

gold and 6 parts of another metal(s), making it 75% gold.

Gold Alloys 15.115.1

Gold Karat Markings12K gold contains 12 parts

gold and 12 parts of another metal(s), making it 50% gold.

10K gold contains 10 parts gold and 14 parts another metal(s), making it 41.7% gold.

Alloys 15.115.1

White Gold AlloysNickel can be mixed with

gold to create a white (or gray) color; it can cause dermatitis in people who are sensitive to nickel.

White Gold AlloysNickel can be mixed with

gold to create a white (or gray) color; it can cause dermatitis in people who are sensitive to nickel.

Alloys 15.115.1• 2007 American Eagle Silver

Dollars

US Mint American Eagle Silver Dollars are not sold directly to the American public, but are available through coin distributors.

• 2007 American Eagle Silver Dollars

US Mint American Eagle Silver Dollars are not sold directly to the American public, but are available through coin distributors.

Alloys

• coins are 97.5% zinc and 2.5% copper for pennies and 75% copper and 25% nickel for nickels. Copper costs have risen 24 % since the start of this year.

• coins are 97.5% zinc and 2.5% copper for pennies and 75% copper and 25% nickel for nickels. Copper costs have risen 24 % since the start of this year.

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1/101/10 1/10001/1000

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$500$500

600. cg = how many

kg?

600. cg = how many

kg?

MetricsMetrics

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Scores

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.00600 .00600 Scores

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MeasurementMeasurement

massmass gramgram G (kg)G (kg) Triple Beam Triple Beam BalanceBalance

volumevolume LiterLiter L, mL, L, mL, cmcm33

Graduated cylinder Graduated cylinder or ruleror ruler

lengthlength metermeter mm Ruler, meter stickRuler, meter stick

temperaturetemperature CelsiusCelsius CC ThermometerThermometer

Type of Type of Measurement Measurement

(quantity)(quantity)

SISI

UnitUnit

symbolsymbol Lab Equipment or Lab Equipment or instrument instrument

o

TimeTime SecondSecond SS Stop Watch/ClockStop Watch/Clock

Measurement-Volume (liquidliquid)

Graduated cylinder

Lab Equipment or instrument mL, L

meniscusmeniscus

Measurement-Volume (solidsolid)

Ruler, meter stick

V= L x W x HV= L x W x H

V=5V=5cm cm X 5X 5cmcm X 1X 1cmcm

V= 25 cmV= 25 cm33

Lab Equipment or instrument

cm3

Length

Hei

ght

Wid

th1 cm

5 cm

5 cm

Measurement-Mass

Triple Beam Balance

Lab Equipment or instrument mg, cg, g, kg

Measurement-Mass

Ruler, Meter Stick, Tape Measure

Lab Equipment or instrument mm, cm, m, km

Measurement-Temperature

ThermometerLab Equipment or instrument Celsius

Measurement-Time

Stop Clock/Watch

Lab Equipment or instrument seconds