street narcotics cpl. charles reel email: creel@edgefieldcountysheriff.org 803-637-4086

STREET NARCOTICS

Cpl. Charles ReelEmail: creel@edgefieldcountysheriff.org

803-637-4086

INTRODUCTION

The problem related to drug abuse is not new to us

Many scientific studies have been conducted in the hope of finding a solution

The age of the average drug user continues to decrease

WHY IS DRUG USE GROWING? Drugs are more available today There is more money in our affluent society Less parental control over children The increasing number of educated and

influential individuals who insist that drugs like marijuana and cocaine are less of a problem than alcohol or tobacco (Woody Harrelson)

Many take the position that drug abuse is a “victimless” crime

THE COST OF DRUG ABUSE The average person feels that drug abuse is

not his/her problem The annual cost to the taxpayer is in the

billions of dollars A heroin addict may spend between $50

and $200 a day to support the habit often leading to a life of crime

Addicts steal millions of dollars worth of merchandise each year and may receive less than a quarter on the dollar for these items

CURRENT TRENDS

Various “Designer Drugs” like GHB, Ecstasy (MDMA), and Rohypnal (Date Rape Drug) have recently become very popular with teenagers and young adults.

What Is a Drug?

Any substance, other than food, that can affect the way your mind and body work.

What Is Tolerance?

Tolerance is defined as the capacity to endure or resist the action of the drug.

A person develops tolerance to a drug when he requires larger amounts of the drug to produce the same effects.

What Is Addiction?

Addiction is the physical and / or psychological dependence upon a drug resulting from continuous or periodic use.

Drug SamplingFrom Police Magazine, 10-95

The 20 Most Frequently Abused Drugs Are:

Cocaine Heroin Marijuana * Alprazolam (Xanax) * Diazepam (Valium) * Lorazepam (Ativan) * Clonazepam (Clonopin) Methamphetamine * Codeine * Benzodiazepine

* D-propoxypheine PCP * Hydrocodone (Vicodin) Amphetamine * Temazepam (Restoril) * Oxycodone LSD * Chlordiazepoxide * Methadone

* Indicates Prescription Drugs

Drug Slang Terms Amped - High on stimulants, usually amphetamines Bad Trip - Bad experience from the effects of LSD Baggy - A quantity of marijuana in a plastic type bag Base - free basing or smoking cocaine Connection - A source to purchase drugs Cut - to dilute a narcotic with some other substance Dealer - Someone who sells drugs Dime Bag - $10 worth of drugs(usually heroin or marijuana) Drop - To swallow drugs Eight Ball - Method of packaging, 1/8 ounce quanity, related to

cocaine Fix - To inject narcotics Flashback - reoccurring experience from the effects of LSD Free Base - To smoke cocaine Hit - Taking a drag from a marijuana cigarette or a dose of LSD Keister Plant - Drugs which are hidden in the rectum

Drug Slang Terms

Loaded - Being high, under the influence of drugs Mainline - To inject drugs directly into the vein Mule - A person who transport drugs Outfit - Narcotic injection kit Pusher - One who sells drugs Rock House - A residence used to sell drugs, usually cocaine Rolling- Under the influence of Ecstasy Score - To purchase drugs Shoot Up - To inject drugs Speed Freak - a chronic user of methamphetamines Stash - Personal drug supply Trip - Being under the influence of a hallucinogenic drug Wasted - Being under the influence of drugs

WHAT’S ON CAMPUS

ALCOHOL MARIJUANA ACID COKE METH HEROIN INHALANTS

GATEWAY DRUGS

ALCOHOL TOBACCO MARIJUANA ECSTASY

ALCOHOL

BEER WINE HARD ALCOHOL

TOBACCO

CIGARETTES CIGARS CHEWING TOBACCO DIP

MARIJUANA

GRASS WEED BOMB BUD GANJA BUD BLUNT

MARIJUANA

Marijuana is commonly referred to the as a cannabis sativa L plant.

Marijuana plant possessing green leaves with separated leaflets in an odd number, usually 7 to 9.

The potency of marijuana is determined by the amount of THC (tetrahydrocannabinol).

THC is used in medical research to control nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy treatments.

MARIJUANA PARAPHERNALIA

PIPES ZIG - ZAGS ROACH CLIPS BONGS

MARIJUANA STASH BOXES FILM CONTAINERS CASSETTE TAPE

CONTAINERS COMPACTS SODA CANS ANYTHING WITH A

FALSE BOTTOM

EFFECTS OF CANNABIS (MARIJUANA) ABUSE Accelerated pulse Dizziness and disoriented behavior Whites of the eyes reddened or bloodshot Puffiness developing under the eyes Yellowish coating on the tongue, fingers

and finger nails Increase appetite Relaxed inhibitions

STIMULANTS

These drugs stimulate the body processes, and work directly on the central nervous system.

They have the opposite effects as a narcotic or depressant drug

Their medical uses include: treatment of depression, warding off fatigue, and controlling weight.

METHAMPHETAMINES

CRYSTAL CRYSTALMETH SPEED METHADRINE CRANK METH

ROCK OR CRACK COCAINE CRACK ROCK HUBBA

COCAINE USE Cocaine is taken most

commonly by sniffing it up the nose

For heightened effect, it is sometimes injected, or mixed with heroin and injected (referred to as a “speed ball”)

Cocaine can also be smoked (referred to as “Free basing”)

COCAINE PACKAGING

PLASTIC BAGS GLASS VIALS SMALL

CELLOPHANE OR PAPER PACKETS

BINDLES

COCAINE PARAPHERNALIA MIRRORS OTHER NON-

POROUS SURFACE RAZOR BLADES STRAWS ROLLED MONEY COKE SPOONS

CRACK PARAPHERNALIA GLASS PIPES

(BASE PIPES) HOMEMADE PIPES PLASTIC BAGS GLASS VIALS

COCAINE EFFECTS

Cocaine produces an intense euphoria, with increased heartbeat, blood pressure, and body temperature

Eyes will normally be dilated (or enlarged) while under the influence

Cocaine has anesthetic qualities, so the user may feel no pain

Inhalation of cocaine causes damage to the septum of the nose

Cocaine duration of effects last from 10 minutes to 3 to 4 hours

COMMON INHALANTS

AMYL NITRATE BUTYL NITRATE TOLUENE PAINT THINNER GASOLINE PAINT AEROSOLS

INHALANTS GLUE RUSH LAUGHING GAS POPPERS SNAPPERS KICK

INHALANTS

The fumes from these volatile substances, when inhaled for any extended length of time, will produce intoxication, excitement, and exhilaration.

Substances containing toluene, such as airplane glues, have always been popular with abusers

Typing correction fluids, are now prevalent with students in the elementary and high schools because it can be inhaled without drawing attention to oneself

METHOD OF USE

Most popular method of inhaling these gases is to saturate the inside of a paper or plastic bag, handkerchief, towel, or sock so the fumes can be contained at a concentrated level

The open end of the bag is then held to the nose, and the fumes are inhaled with deep breaths

What Sniffing Does To The Brain A. BRAIN The chemicals abused by

inhalant users affect different parts of the brain, producing a variety of sensory and psychological disorders. Many inhalants are thought to dissolve the protective myelin sheath that surrounds neurons - brain cells - resulting in cell death (see brain diagram).

B. CEREBRAL CORTEX Cellular death here causes permanent personality changes, memory impairment, hallucinations and learning disabilities.

C. CEREBELLUM This is the center that controls balance and coordination. Inhalant-related damage results in loss of coordination and slurred speech. Chronic abusers experience tremors and uncontrollable shaking.

D. OPHTHALMIC NERVE Toluene may

affect this nerve causing sight disorders.

Damage to the Body A. BLOOD Some substances like nitrites and

methylene chloride (paint thinner) chemically block the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood.

B. LUNGS Repeated use of spray paint as an inhalant can cause lung damage.

C. HEART Abuse of inhalants can result in "sudden sniffing death syndrome." This is due to a sudden and unexpected disturbance of the heart's rhythm. All inhalants can produce sudden sniffing death syndrome.

D. LIVER Halogenated compounds like trichloroethylene (a component of aerosol paints and correction fluid) have been linked to damage of this organ.

E. KIDNEY Inhalants containing toluene impair the kidney's ability to control the amount of acid in the blood. This is reversible when toluene leaves the body but, in the

long-term, kidney stones may develop.

SYMPTOMS OF ABUSE

Inhalant abusers may appear to be drunk Poor coordination Slurred speech Odor of the substance on the breath Excess nasal secretion and reddening the

nasal passage Watering eyes Sneezing and coughing

Club Drugs

GHB Special K Rohypnol MDMA

MDMA(Methylenedioxymethanphetamine)

Ecstacy XTC X Adam Clarity Lover’s Speed Roll

What is Ecstasy?

Ecstasy is one of the most dangerous drugs threatening young people today.

Called MDMA (3-4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) by scientists

it is a synthetic chemical that can be derived from an essential oil of the sassafras tree.

MDMA is also one of the easiest illegal drugs to obtain. Its effects are similar to those of amphetamines and

hallucinogens. Distributed almost anywhere, it has become very popular at social

events like raves, hip hop parties, concerts, etc. frequented by both adults and youth.

Facts Ecstasy can be detected up to four days in

the urine. 11.7% of high school seniors surveyed in

2001 reported that they had used MDMA at least one time during their lives

23.8% of 8th graders, 41.4% of 10th graders, and 61.5% of 12th graders surveyed in 2001 reported that MDMA was "fairly easy" or "very easy" to obtain

How is it Used?

Ecstasy is usually taken in pill form and swallowed

It can also be injected. Some users have been known to crush

and snort the resulting powder. Others insert the pill into the anus

where it is absorbed. This process is known as “shafting.”

How Does It Affect You?

Ecstasy is similar (in nature) to other amphetamines and hallucinogens.

It speeds up the nervous system and acts as a mood enhancer. Also referred to as “the love drug”, Ecstasy often makes the

user feel good, happy and relaxed - at least at first. Contrary to rumors, Ecstasy is not an aphrodisiac and can

actually inhibit sexual performance. The taking of any drug affects people differently. Depending on

size, weight, health, dosage and other drugs being used, the reaction can be mild or very severe.

Anyone suffering from hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, epilepsy, mental illness or panic should avoid taking Ecstasy.

Common Side Effects

The following effects start within 20 minutes of taking E and can last for 4 - 6 hours or longer:

Increased heart rate Increased body temperature Increased blood pressure Increased confidence Nausea Anxiety Feelings of well-being (happiness, love) Sweating Loss of appetite

Other Reported Effects

Taking higher doses of MDMA will not increase the good feelings

In fact higher dosages can cause convulsions, irrational behavior, and hallucinations.

Users have reported having problems with insomnia, anxiety, paranoia, concentration and depression after taking the drug.

Duration of Effects

An Ecstasy high can last from six to 24 hours but usually averages three to four hours.

Some reactions have been reported to persist from one to 14 days after use.

Short Term Effects

Short-term effects include psychological difficulties (confusion, depression, sleep problems, craving, severe anxiety, and paranoia).

These effects occur during use and can continue even weeks after use.

Physical problems that can occur are muscle tension, involuntary teeth clenching, nausea, blurred vision, rapid eye movement, fever, chills or sweating.

Long Term Effects

Recent findings connect use of Ecstasy to memory loss.

Use of Ecstasy depletes serotonin, a very important chemical in the brain which regulates mood, sleeping and eating habits, as well as, the thinking and behavior process, sexual function, and sensitivity to pain.

GHB ( Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate)

Grievous Bodily Harm

G Liquid Ecstacy Georgia Home Boy Gamma-OH

Ketamine

WHAT IS KETAMINE?

Ketamine hydrochloride ("Special K" or "K") was originally created for use as a human anaesthetic, and is still used as a general anaesthetic for children, persons of poor health, and in veterinary medicine.

Ketamine belongs to a class of drugs called "dissociative anaesthetics," which separate perception from sensation. Other drugs in this category include PCP, DXM and nitrous oxide (laughing gas).

Ketamine usually comes as a liquid in small pharmaceutical bottles, and is most often cooked into a white powder for snorting.

WHAT ARE THE EFFECTS?

At lower doses it has a mild, dreamy feeling similar to nitrous oxide. Users report feeling floaty and slightly outside their body. Numbness in the extremities is also common.

Higher doses produce a hallucinogenic (trippy) effect, and may cause the user to feel very far away from their body.

This experience is often referred to as entering a "K-hole" and has been compared to a near death experience with sensations of rising above one's body. Many users find the experience spiritually significant , while others find it frightening.

While in a K-hole it is very difficult to move. People usually remain seated or lying down during the experience.

Cigarettes

are considered

a

Gateway Drug!

Dipping

or

chewing

will lead to

the next slide…

This man developed

tongue

mouth

and

bone cancer!

Alcohol use can lead to

Driving Under the Influence and kill

millions of brain cells!

Be careful to idolize

celebrities. You can learn

from their mistakes!

Marijuana

Ecstacy

The

Effects

Of

Meth

Before

Meth….

…after

Meth

Before

Meth…

…after

Meth

Meth Mouth

Make a stand…SAY NO TO DRUGS!