slides online 1) is depressed, blue 2) is not relaxed, does not handle stress well 3) can be tense

• Slides online

D isagreestrongly

D isagreea little

Neither agreenor disagree

Agreea little

AgreeStrongly

1 2 3 4 5

1) Is depressed, blue

2) Is not relaxed, does not handle stress well

3) Can be tense

D isagreestrongly

D isagreea little

Neither agreenor disagree

Agreea little

AgreeStrongly

1 2 3 4 5

4) Worries a lot

5) Is easily upset

Neuroticism Raw Score

• Add your answers– Your score can range between 5- 25

• What does your score mean?

• Note: It is meaningless unless you know how others scored

12 13 9 15 18 18 13 7

16 8 22 15 19 15 9 14

16 10 6 16 14 20 17 13

12 15 15 17 16 11 24 20

19 15 14 24 22 17 21 14

Simple Frequency Distribution

1) Find the highest and lowest scores

2) Write in descending order all the numbers from 24 to 6

Simple Frequency Distribution

3) Start with the number in the upper-left corner, draw a line under it, and place a tally mark in the frequency distribution

4) Do this with all the data

5) Count the number a tally marks

Neuroticism Score

f Neuroticism Score

f

24 2 14 4

23 0 13 3

22 2 12 2

21 1 11 1

20 2 10 1

19 2 9 2

18 2 8 1

17 3 7 1

16 4 6 1

15 6 N = 40

Group Frequency Distribution

• Scores are grouped into equal-sized ranges called “class intervals”

• Usually want around 10 class intervals

Class Interval

Midpoint f

25-23 24 2

22-20 21 5

19-17 18 7

16-14 15 14

13-11 12 6

10-8 9 4

7-5 6 2

Practice

Book page 29

# 2.1 (women)

# 2.3

Height f Height f

72 1 64 9

71 0 63 5

70 1 62 5

69 2 61 3

68 0 60 1

67 5 59 1

66 6

65 11 64

Temp f Temp f

99.3-99.5 3 96.9-97.1 2

99.0-99.2 2 96.6-96.8 0

98.7-98.9 6 96.3-96.5 1

98.4-98.6 5

98.1-98.3 6

97.8-98.0 10

97.5-97.7 2

97.2-97.4 364

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3

Warmth

Nu

mb

er o

f p

artn

ers

One minute continuous lip kissing

Manual manipulation of nude partner’s genitals

Oral manipulation of nude partner’s genitals

Sexual intercourse

Graphic Presentation of Data

• Basic parts of a graph

X axis

Y a

xis

Frequency Polygon

• Graphs quantitative data

• Neuroticism data

Class Interval

Midpoint f

25-23 24 2

22-20 21 5

19-17 18 7

16-14 15 14

13-11 12 6

10-8 9 4

7-5 6 2

Frequency Polygon

0

24

68

10

1214

16

6 9 12 15 18 21 24

Neuroticism

Fre

qu

ency

Frequency Polygon

0

24

68

10

1214

16

6 9 12 15 18 21 24

Neuroticism

Fre

qu

ency

Frequency Polygon

0

24

68

10

1214

16

6 9 12 15 18 21 24

Neuroticism

Fre

qu

ency

Frequency Polygon

0

24

68

10

1214

16

6 9 12 15 18 21 24

Neuroticism

Fre

qu

ency

Frequency Polygon

0

24

68

10

1214

16

6 9 12 15 18 21 24

Neuroticism

Fre

qu

ency

Frequency Polygon

0

24

68

10

1214

16

6 9 12 15 18 21 24

Neuroticism

Fre

qu

ency

Histogram

• Used to graph quantitative data

• Just like a frequency polygon, except it uses bars instead of lines

Histogram

0

24

68

10

1214

16

6 9 12 15 18 21 24

Neuroticism

Fre

qu

ency

Histogram

0

24

68

10

1214

16

6 9 12 15 18 21 24

Neuroticism

Fre

qu

ency

Histogram

0

24

68

10

1214

16

6 9 12 15 18 21 24

Neuroticism

Fre

qu

ency

Histogram

0

24

68

10

1214

16

6 9 12 15 18 21 24

Neuroticism

Fre

qu

ency

Histogram

0

24

68

10

1214

16

6 9 12 15 18 21 24

Neuroticism

Fre

qu

ency

Histogram

0

24

68

10

1214

16

6 9 12 15 18 21 24

Neuroticism

Fre

qu

ency

Describing Distributions

• Bell-shaped distribution

Describing Distributions

Describing Distributions

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

Happiness Score

Fre

quen

cy

Bar Graph

• Used to present frequencies of qualitative variables

• Looks like a histograph

• Each bar represents one category

Bar Graph

Major f

Psychology 25

History 10

Math 14

Biology 5

Sociology 20

Bar Graph

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Psychology History Math Biology Sociology

Major

Fre

quen

cy

Bar Graph

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Psychology History Math Biology Sociology

Major

Fre

quen

cy

Bar Graph

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Psychology Sociology Math History Biology

Major

Fre

quen

cy

Bar Graph

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Biology History Math Psychology Sociology

Major

Fre

quen

cy

Line Graph

• A picture of a relationship between two variables

• Each point represents the value of the Y variable that goes with the corresponding X variable

Line Graph

Subject Neuroticism Happiness Greg 20 3 Bobby 17 7 Peter 8 9 Marsha 22 2 Jan 15 8 Cindy 12 5

Line Graph

0

5

10

15

20

25

0 2 4 6 8 10

Happiness Score

Neu

roti

cism

Sco

re

Line Graph

Subject Neuroticism Y

Happiness X

Greg 20 3 Bobby 17 7 Peter 8 9 Marsha 22 2 Jan 15 8 Cindy 12 5

Put subjects in order using your X axis

Line Graph

Subject Neuroticism Y

Happiness X

Marsha 22 2 Greg 20 3 Cindy 12 5 Bobby 17 7 Jan 15 8 Peter 8 9

Line Graph

0

5

10

15

20

25

0 2 4 6 8 10

Happiness Score

Neu

roti

cism

Sco

re

Marsha: N=22; H=2

Line Graph

0

5

10

15

20

25

0 2 4 6 8 10

Happiness Score

Neu

roti

cism

Sco

re

Greg: N=20; H=3

Line Graph

0

5

10

15

20

25

0 2 4 6 8 10

Happiness Score

Neu

roti

cism

Sco

re

Cindy: N=12; H=5

Line Graph

0

5

10

15

20

25

0 2 4 6 8 10

Happiness Score

Neu

roti

cism

Sco

re Bobby: N=17; H=7

Line Graph

0

5

10

15

20

25

0 2 4 6 8 10

Happiness Score

Neu

roti

cism

Sco

re

Jan: N=15; H=8

Line Graph

0

5

10

15

20

25

0 2 4 6 8 10

Happiness Score

Neu

roti

cism

Sco

re

Peter: N=8; H=9

Line Graph

0

5

10

15

20

25

0 2 4 6 8 10

Happiness Score

Neu

roti

cism

Sco

re

02468

101214161820

8 11 14 17 20 23 26 29 32 35 38

Neuroticism Score

Fre

quen

cy

What is the meaning of the number 14 on the x-axis?

What is the meaning of the number 14 on the y-axis?

How many people had a score of 11? How about 23?

What type of graph is this? What is its distribution?

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Male Female Did not say

Gender

f

What is the meaning of the number 20 on the y-axis?

How many males and females are in the course?

What type of graph is this?

What scale does the x axis use? The y axis?

Trick Question: What type of distribution is this?

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 2 4 6 8 10

Number of times person talks

Ext

rave

rsio

n Sc

ore

What is the meaning of the number 10 on the x-axis?

What is the meaning of the number 10 on the y-axis?

What type of graph is this?

Trick Question: What type of distribution is this?

ClassInterval

f

46-50 3

41-45 2

36-40 4

31-35 7

26-30 10

21-25 14

16-20 15

11-15 14

6-10 6

1-5 4

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

3 8 13 18 23 28 33 38 43 48

Happiness Score

f

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

3 8 13 18 23 28 33 38 43 48

Happiness Score

f

Practice

• Page 38

• #2.12