section 2 notes

Chapter 10Section 2

Dealing With Other

Nations

Why do I have a picture such as

this representing section

2 of chapter

10?Other nations kept

picking fights with

us.

As a newcomer to world politics, the U.S. in the 1790’s was weak compared with the powerful European nations-

Great Britain, France, and Spain.

The U.S. had only a small army and no navy. It was not

militarily strong enough to get involved in conflicts with

other nations.

Does anyone know the name of this famous navy ship?

The Treaty of Paris in 1783 was supposed to settle arguments about the land west of the Appalachian Mountains. On paper

this land belonged to the U.S. but the British continued to occupy forts in the area.

Challenges From Other Nations

A. Despite Britain’s pledge as part of the Treaty of Paris to leave North America, the British still occupied forts in the Ohio Valley and Great Lakes region in the 1790’s. B. The British befriended and supported the region’s Native Americans who often fought with colonial settlers.C. In 1794, colonial troops defeated a group of Native Americans at the Battle of Fallen Timbers in present-day Ohio. As a result, Native American resistance in the Ohio Valley all but disappeared. In the Treaty of Greenville Native Americans agreed to surrender land in Ohio.D. Spain, which held the Louisiana Territory, also made trouble for Western settlers who used the Mississippi River for trade. Meanwhile, pirates from North Africa, the Barbary Pirates, harassed American trade ships in the Mediterranean Sea.

Barbary Pirates harassed the U.S. by stealing cargoes, seizing American ships, and imprisoning American sailors. The Pirates knew they could get away with it because the

U.S. had no navy. To sail safely, the U.S. had to pay tribute, or protection money, to local rulers.

Why might foreign countries have had little hesitation in harassing the United States

during this period?

The U.S. was a new and untested nation and thus did not pose a threat.

Where are we

and what does this

place have to do with Americ

a in 1789?

In 1789 many French people

rebelled against the high taxes and

oppressive rule of the monarchy and set up a republic. Over several years of bloody fighting, the king and queen of France and many

aristocrats were arrested and

beheaded on the guillotine.

II. Choosing NeutralityA. In 1793, Great Britain and other nations declared war on France’s revolutionary government. The United States took a position of neutrality in the matter. However, Edmond Genet, a French diplomat, put American neutrality to the test.B. Both Great Britain and France ignored America’s neutrality and seized hundreds of American ships. The British also impressed, or kidnapped, American sailors to serve in the British navy.

III. Agreement With Great Britain; Agreement With Spain

A. In 1794, the U.S. and Great Britain signed the Jay Treaty-named after Chief Justice John Jay, who led the treaty negotiations.

B. Under the treaty, Britain agreed to withdraw from its forts in the Northwest Territory and allow American ships to trade in the British West Indies.

C. Many Americans voiced opposition to the treaty. They were angry that the British had not promised to stop seizing American ships or kidnapping American sailors.

D. In 1795, the U.S. and Spain signed Pickney’s Treaty, named after American envoy Thomas Pinckney. Under the treaty, Spain allowed American ships to use the lower Mississippi and to trade through the port of New Orleans.

Why is this area so important for shipping?

IV. Washington Leaves Office

A. Washington decided to step down as President after two terms.

B. In his farewell address, Washington told the nation to avoid getting too involved in foreign affairs. He also warned against the development of divisive political parties and rivalries between the Northern and Southern interests in the country.

Who am I and how

did I differ from all other

Presidents?