salts smkbbst

SALT

•Salts are ionic compounds formed when hydrogen ion from acid is replaced with metal ion or ammonium ion

Example of salt : sodium chloride, copper(II) sulphate and potassium nitrate.

metal metal ions ions

Sulphate saltSulphate salt

(H(H22SOSO44))

Chloride saltChloride salt

(HCl)(HCl)

Nitrate saltNitrate salt

(HNO(HNO33))

Carbonate saltCarbonate salt

(H(H22COCO33))

NaNa++

KK++

MgMg2+2+

CaCa2+2+

AlAl3+3+

ZnZn2+2+

FeFe2+2+

PbPb2+2+

CuCu2+2+

AgAg++

NHNH44++

BaBa2+2+

Metal Metal ion ion

Sulphate saltSulphate salt

(H(H22SOSO44))

Chloride saltChloride salt

(HCl)(HCl)

Nitrate saltNitrate salt

(HNO(HNO33))

Carbonate saltCarbonate salt

(H(H22COCO33))

NaNa++ NaNa22SOSO44 NaClNaCl NaNONaNO33 NaNa22COCO33

KK++ KK22SOSO44 KClKCl KNOKNO33 KK22COCO33

MgMg2+2+ MgSOMgSO44 MgClMgCl22 Mg(NOMg(NO33))22 MgCOMgCO33

CaCa2+2+ CaSOCaSO44 CaClCaCl22 Ca(NOCa(NO33))22 CaCOCaCO33

AlAl3+3+ AlAl2 2 (SO(SO4 4 ))33 AlClAlCl33 AlAl22(NO(NO33))33 AlAl22(CO(CO33))33

ZnZn2+2+ ZnSOZnSO44 ZnClZnCl22 Zn(NOZn(NO33))22 ZnCOZnCO33

FeFe2+2+ FeSOFeSO44 FeClFeCl22 Fe(NOFe(NO33))22 FeCOFeCO33

PbPb2+2+ PbSOPbSO44 PbClPbCl22 Pb(NOPb(NO33))22 PbCOPbCO33

CuCu2+2+ CuSOCuSO44 CuClCuCl22 Cu(NOCu(NO33))22 CuCOCuCO33

AgAg++ AgAg22SOSO44 AgClAgCl AgNOAgNO33 AgAg22COCO33

NHNH44++ (NH(NH44))22SOSO44 NHNH44ClCl NHNH44NONO33 (NH(NH44)) 2 2COCO33

BaBa2+2+ BaSOBaSO44 BaClBaCl22 Ba(NOBa(NO33))22 BaCOBaCO33

Metal Metal ionion

Sulphate saltSulphate salt

(H(H22SOSO44))

Chloride saltChloride salt

(HCl)(HCl)

Nitrate saltNitrate salt

(HNO(HNO33))

Carbonate saltCarbonate salt

(H(H22COCO33))

NaNa++ Sodium sulphateSodium sulphate Sodium chlorideSodium chloride Sodium nitrateSodium nitrate Sodium carbonateSodium carbonate

KK++ Potassium sulphatePotassium sulphate Potassium Potassium chloridechloride

Potassium Potassium nitratenitrate Potassium Potassium carbonatecarbonate

MgMg2+2+ Magnesium sulphateMagnesium sulphate Magnesium Magnesium chloridechloride

Magnesium Magnesium nitratenitrate Magnesium Magnesium carbonatecarbonate

CaCa2+2+ Calcium sulphateCalcium sulphate Calcium Calcium chloridechloride calcium calcium nitratenitrate Calcium Calcium carbonatecarbonate

AlAl3+3+ Aluminium sulphateAluminium sulphate Aluminium Aluminium chloridechloride

Aluminium Aluminium nitratenitrate Aluminium Aluminium carbonatecarbonate

ZnZn2+2+ Zinc sulphateZinc sulphate Zinc Zinc chloridechloride Zinc Zinc nitratenitrate Zinc Zinc carbonatecarbonate

FeFe2+2+ Ferum (II) sulphateFerum (II) sulphate Ferum (ll) Ferum (ll) chloridechloride Ferum (ll) Ferum (ll) nitratenitrate Ferum (ll) Ferum (ll) carbonatecarbonate

PbPb2+2+ Lead (II) sulphateLead (II) sulphate lead (ll) lead (ll) kloridaklorida lead (ll) lead (ll) nitratenitrate lead (ll) lead (ll) carbonatecarbonate

CuCu2+2+ copper (ll) sulphatecopper (ll) sulphate copper (ll) copper (ll) chloridechloride

copper (ll) copper (ll) nitratenitrate copper (ll) copper (ll) carbonatecarbonate

AgAg++ Argentum sulfatArgentum sulfat Argentum Argentum chloridechloride

Argentum Argentum nitratenitrate Argentum Argentum carbonatecarbonate

NHNH44++ Ammonium sulphateAmmonium sulphate Ammonium Ammonium

chloridechlorideAmmonium Ammonium nitratenitrate Ammonium Ammonium

carbonatecarbonate

BaBa2+2+ Barium sulphateBarium sulphate Barium Barium chloridechloride Barium Barium nitratenitrate Barium Barium carbonatecarbonate

SOLUBILITY OF SALT

All K+, Na+ and NH4+ salts are soluble.

All nitrate salts are soluble. All carbonate salts are not soluble except K2CO3,

Na2CO3 and (NH4)2CO3.

All sulphate salts are soluble except CaSO4, PbSO4

and BaSO4. (S-PCB)

• All chloride salts are soluble except PbCl2, AgCl

and HgCl2 (C-PAH)

Ion logamIon logam Sulphate saltSulphate salt

(From H(From H22SOSO44))

Chloride saltChloride salt

(From HCl)(From HCl)

Niitrate saltNiitrate salt

(From HNO(From HNO33))

Carbonate saltCarbonate salt

(From H(From H22COCO33))

NaNa++ Sodium sulphateSodium sulphate Sodium Sodium chloridechloride

Sodium nitrateSodium nitrate Sodium Sodium carbonatecarbonate

KK++ Potassium Potassium sulphatesulphate

Potassium Potassium chloridechloride

Potassium Potassium nitratenitrate

Potassium Potassium carbonatecarbonate

MgMg2+2+ Magnesium Magnesium sulphatesulphate

Magnesium Magnesium chloridechloride

Magnesium Magnesium nitratenitrate

Magnesium Magnesium carbonatecarbonate

CaCa2+2+ Calcium sulphateCalcium sulphate Calcium Calcium chloridechloride

CalciumCalcium nitratenitrate Calcium Calcium carbonatecarbonate

AlAl3+3+ Aluminium Aluminium sulphatesulphate

Aluminium Aluminium chloridechloride

Aluminium Aluminium nitratenitrate

Aluminium Aluminium carbonatecarbonate

ZnZn2+2+ Zinc sulphateZinc sulphate Zinc chlorideZinc chloride Zinc nitrateZinc nitrate ZincZinc carbonatecarbonate

FeFe2+2+ Iron(ll) sulphateIron(ll) sulphate Iron(ll) chlorideIron(ll) chloride Iron(ll) nitrateIron(ll) nitrate Iron(ll) Iron(ll) carbonatecarbonate

PbPb2+2+ Lead (ll) Lead (ll) sulphatesulphate Lead(ll) Lead(ll) chloridechloride

LeadLead(ll) nitrate(ll) nitrate Lead(ll) Lead(ll) carbonatecarbonate

CuCu2+2+ Copper (ll) Copper (ll) sulphatesulphate

Copper(ll) Copper(ll) chloridechloride

Copper(ll) Copper(ll) nitratenitrate

CopperCopper(ll) (ll) carbonatecarbonate

AgAg++ Silver sulphateSilver sulphate Silver chlorideSilver chloride Silver nitrateSilver nitrate Silver carbonateSilver carbonate

NHNH44++ Ammonium Ammonium

sulphatesulphateAmmonium Ammonium

chloridechlorideAmmonium Ammonium

nitratenitrateAmmonium Ammonium carbonatecarbonate

BaBa2+2+ Barium Barium sulphatesulphate Barium Barium chloridechloride

Barium nitrateBarium nitrate Barium Barium carbonatecarbonate

Metal Metal ion ion

Sulfate saltSulfate salt

(H(H22SOSO44))

Chloride saltChloride salt

(HCl)(HCl)

Nitrate saltNitrate salt

(HNO(HNO33))

Carbonate saltCarbonate salt

(H(H22COCO33))

NaNa++ NaNa22SOSO

44 NaClNaCl NaNONaNO33 NaNa

22COCO33

KK++ KK22SOSO44 KClKCl KNOKNO

33 KK22COCO33

MgMg2+2+ MgSOMgSO44 MgClMgCl

22 Mg(NOMg(NO33))22 MgCOMgCO

33

CaCa2+2+ CaSOCaSO44 CaClCaCl

22 Ca(NOCa(NO33))22 CaCOCaCO

33

AlAl3+3+ AlAl2 2 (SO(SO

4 4 ))33 AlClAlCl33 AlAl

22(NO(NO33))33 AlAl

22(CO(CO33))33

ZnZn2+2+ ZnSOZnSO44 ZnClZnCl

22 Zn(NOZn(NO33))22 ZnCOZnCO

33

FeFe2+2+ FeSOFeSO44 FeClFeCl

22 Fe(NOFe(NO33))22 FeCOFeCO

33

PbPb2+2+ PbSOPbSO44 PbClPbCl

22 Pb(NOPb(NO33))22 PbCOPbCO

33

CuCu2+2+ CuSOCuSO44 CuClCuCl

22 Cu(NOCu(NO33))22 CuCOCuCO

33

AgAg++ AgAg22SOSO

44 AgClAgCl AgNOAgNO33 AgAg

22COCO33

NHNH44++ (NH(NH

44))22SOSO44 NHNH

44ClCl NHNH44NONO

33 (NH(NH44)) 2 2COCO

33

BaBa2+2+ BaSOBaSO44 BaClBaCl

22 Ba(NOBa(NO33))22 BaCOBaCO

33