rise 2011. standard addressed students know how to identify common rock-forming minerals (including...

Rise 2011

Standard Addressed

Students know how to identify common rock-forming minerals (including quartz, calcite, feldspar, mica, and (hornblende*).

Grade 4

Wikipedia says: Hornblende is a complex series of minerals.It is not a recognized mineral in its own right.Hornblende is a mixture of three molecules.

Rocks & Minerals

Rocks are made of 2 or more minerals

What’s important?

What is a mineral?

A mineral is a naturally occurring, inorganic, solid which possesses a characteristic internal atomic structure and a definite chemical composition.

A what???............................................................

One more time…

If we take the definition of a mineral term by term, it becomes easier to understand.

Minerals must occur naturally. This means man-made substances such as steel would not be considered to be minerals.

Inorganic substances are those substances that are not living and are not formed by living processes.

Crystalline solids are those solids in which the atoms composing the solid have an orderly, repeated pattern.

Minerals will have definite chemical compositions, but these compositions may vary within given limits.

Vocabulary

rocks minerals

structure

luster

magnetism

geology

color

crystals

cleavage/fracture

characteristic

hardness

transparency

streak

Properties of Minerals

Color Luster Cleavage Fracture Hardness Transparency Heft/Specific Gravity Crystal formation Streak Special properties: Magnetism, Fluorescence, Odor

Mineral Samples

1. Mica 2. Calcite 3. Galena 4. Fluorite 5. Quartz 6. Pyrite 7. Halite

Observe your mineral samples

Mica

Flat Flaky Easily split at the edges May be clear (transparent) or cloudy

(translucent)

Calcite

Many forms, may be shaped like a slanted box

Galena

Dark gray

Heavy for its size

Square-shaped edges

Fluorite

Several forms

May be flat and resemble a triangle with its corners broken off

Quartz

Looks like a piece of clear cut glass

Sides are flat and meet at sharp edges

pyrite

Fools gold

halite

commonly known as rock salt the mineral form of sodium chloride (NaCl) typically colorless or white, but may also be

light blue, dark blue, purple, pink, red, orange, yellow or gray depending on the amount and type of impurities.

Your job…

Your job is to classify a group of mineral samples based on their hardness.

How might this information be useful?

Mohs’ Scale for Mineral Hardness

Devised in 1822 by Frederick Mohs

Still widely used

Simple

How will you organize your data?

The Big Test

Claims Evidence

Conclusions and Reflections

Prize Time

Guess My Category

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