rise 2011. standard addressed students know how to identify common rock-forming minerals (including...
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Rise 2011
Standard Addressed
Students know how to identify common rock-forming minerals (including quartz, calcite, feldspar, mica, and (hornblende*).
Grade 4
Wikipedia says: Hornblende is a complex series of minerals.It is not a recognized mineral in its own right.Hornblende is a mixture of three molecules.
Rocks & Minerals
Rocks are made of 2 or more minerals
What’s important?
What is a mineral?
A mineral is a naturally occurring, inorganic, solid which possesses a characteristic internal atomic structure and a definite chemical composition.
A what???............................................................
One more time…
If we take the definition of a mineral term by term, it becomes easier to understand.
Minerals must occur naturally. This means man-made substances such as steel would not be considered to be minerals.
Inorganic substances are those substances that are not living and are not formed by living processes.
Crystalline solids are those solids in which the atoms composing the solid have an orderly, repeated pattern.
Minerals will have definite chemical compositions, but these compositions may vary within given limits.
Vocabulary
rocks minerals
structure
luster
magnetism
geology
color
crystals
cleavage/fracture
characteristic
hardness
transparency
streak
Properties of Minerals
Color Luster Cleavage Fracture Hardness Transparency Heft/Specific Gravity Crystal formation Streak Special properties: Magnetism, Fluorescence, Odor
Mineral Samples
1. Mica 2. Calcite 3. Galena 4. Fluorite 5. Quartz 6. Pyrite 7. Halite
Observe your mineral samples
Mica
Flat Flaky Easily split at the edges May be clear (transparent) or cloudy
(translucent)
Calcite
Many forms, may be shaped like a slanted box
Galena
Dark gray
Heavy for its size
Square-shaped edges
Fluorite
Several forms
May be flat and resemble a triangle with its corners broken off
Quartz
Looks like a piece of clear cut glass
Sides are flat and meet at sharp edges
pyrite
Fools gold
halite
commonly known as rock salt the mineral form of sodium chloride (NaCl) typically colorless or white, but may also be
light blue, dark blue, purple, pink, red, orange, yellow or gray depending on the amount and type of impurities.
Your job…
Your job is to classify a group of mineral samples based on their hardness.
How might this information be useful?
Mohs’ Scale for Mineral Hardness
Devised in 1822 by Frederick Mohs
Still widely used
Simple
How will you organize your data?
The Big Test
Claims Evidence
Conclusions and Reflections
Prize Time
Guess My Category
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