reading as neuro physio process

Reading as a Neuro-

physiological Process

Special nerve cells which makes it possible for the brain and other parts of the body to send signals back and forth.

Neurons are the messengers of the brain.

neurons: the messenger of the brain

neurons:

Glial cells surround each neuron and act like a net to hold all its delicate parts in place.

Cerebral spinal fluid helps neurons send their messages.

neurons: the messenger of the brain

neurons:

types of neurons

effector/output neurons

receptor neurons

connector neurons

receptor

neurons

Neurons found in the eyes, ears, skin, joints, and various organs. These neurons have dendrites that are very sensitive waves.

Receptor neurons also pick up changes in your body’s position as well as changes in the tension of your muscles.

connector

neurons

Neurons that form linkages between most of the neurons in the central nervous system.

They make up most of the brain, the spinal column, and the major sensory nerves.

They make up most of the reticular formation, the limbic system, and the cerebral cortex.

effector/

output neurons

Neurons that have axons that terminate in your muscles and glands, where they excite reactions.

the brain mechanis

ms of language

four brain mechanisms for language reception (Robeck & Wilson, 1976)

1. sensory input system

2. reticular formation

3. limbic system

4. analysis and storage system

four brain mechanisms for language reception (Robeck & Wilson, 1976)

1. sensory input system

It includes the specialized sense organs and neurons which receive sensory stimuli and relay these to the brain through the spinal cord.

four brain mechanisms for language reception (Robeck & Wilson, 1976)

1. sensory input system

2. reticular formation

3. limbic system

4. analysis and storage system

four brain mechanisms for language reception (Robeck & Wilson, 1976)

2. reticular formation

This is biologically called the thalamus. Arousal and attention takes place here.

four brain mechanisms for language reception (Robeck & Wilson, 1976)

1. sensory input system

2. reticular formation

3. limbic system

4. analysis and storage system

four brain mechanisms for language reception (Robeck & Wilson, 1976)

3. limbic system

Biologically, this is called the hypothalamus. This is interconnected with the reticular formation. This system controls your emotions. This is referred to as the motivation center of the brain.

four brain mechanisms for language reception (Robeck & Wilson, 1976)

1. sensory input system

2. reticular formation

3. limbic system

4. analysis and storage system

four brain mechanisms for language reception (Robeck & Wilson, 1976)

4. analysis and storage system

In biological terms, analysis and storage take place in the different areas of the cerebral cortex. The cortex covers the whole surface of the cerebrum.

eye movements

in reading

regression

fixation

interfixation movements

return sweep

What is the passage about?The procedure is quite simple. First, you arrange things into

different groups. Of course, one pile may be sufficient depending on how much there is to do. If you have to go somewhere else due to lack of facilities, that is the next step. Otherwise, you are pretty well set. It is important not to overdo things. That is, it is better to do few things at once than too many. In the short run, this may not seem important but complications can easily arise. Soon, however, it will become just another facet of life. It is difficult to foresee any end to the necessity for this task in the immediate future, but then one can never tell. After the procedure is completed, one arranges the materials into different groups again. They can be put into their appropriate places. Eventually, they will be used once more, and the whole cycle will then have to be repeated. However, this is part of life. (Bransford and Johnson, 1973, p.400)

GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF HUMAN INFORMATION PROCESSING

GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF HUMAN INFORMATION PROCESSING

noise

Anything that makes the build-up of

information within a message unclear, or

which conveys no information.

GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF HUMAN INFORMATION PROCESSING

uncertainty

When there is more than one meaning to

choose from in making sense out of a message.

GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF HUMAN INFORMATION PROCESSING

redundancy

The features of the message that make the

meaning of the message clearer.

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