questions. i. general question (kas?, Üld?) the answer is yes / no 1.simple tenses (lihtajad) do /...

Questions

I. GENERAL QUESTION (Kas? , Üld?)

The answer is Yes / No1. Simple tenses (lihtajad)

DO / DOES / DID + I

• He works here.• Does he work here?

• He had a dog• Did he have a dog?

I. GENERAL QUESTION (Kas? , Üld?) The answer is Yes / No

2. Kõik ülejäänud ajad + modaalverbid

Am is areWas wereHave has hadShall willShould wouldCan couldMay might must

I. GENERAL QUESTION (Kas? , Üld?) The answer is Yes / No

2. Kõik ülejäänud ajad + modaalverbid

Am is areWas wereHave has hadShall will + change the WOShould wouldCan couldMay might must

I. GENERAL QUESTION (Kas? , Üld?) The answer is Yes / No

2. Kõik ülejäänud ajad + modaalverbid

Am is areWas wereHave has hadShall will + change the WOShould wouldCan couldMay might must

• He has written.• Has he written?

• I can go.• Can I go?

II. WH questions

• What, When, Where, How, Why, Who• Wh + general quetion

He had a dog last year(Did he have a dog?)

When did he have a dog?

QUESTIONS ABOUT THE SUBJECT (alus)

• Mother came - Who came?

• Tom’s mother came – Whose mother came?

• Three girls came - How many girls came?

• The cup broke - What broke?

HAVE

– We have a book / We have got a book = omama• Do we have a book?• Have we got a book?• We had a book .• NB! Did we have a book?

– He has supper ≠ omama

• He has / had supper.• Does he have supper?• Did he have supper?

– He has to work = pidama

• He has / had to work.• Does he have to work?• Did he have to work?

III. TAG-QUESTIONS

• When the sentence is positive the tag is negative.

• When the sentence is negative the tag is positive.

• You are eleven, aren’t you?• You don’t live in Estonia, do you?

IV. INDIRECT QUESTIONSthe word order is the same as in statements

Do you know…., I’d like to know…, I wonder…• General question (Kas)

If + affirmative sentence = if + alus + (abitegusõna) + tegusõna

– Mother saw it.– Did mother see it?– I’d like to know if mother saw it.

• Special question (WH)

WH + affirmative sentence = WH + alus + (abitegusõna) + tegusõna

– Ann studies Italian.– What does Ann study?– Do you know what Ann studies.

V. Reported speech1. General questions (kas?)

IF + AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCE(subject + verb)

Tom said, “Did mother see it?”Tom asked if mother had seen it.

2. Special questions (eri / WH) who, what, when, where, how ….

WH + AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCE(subject + verb)

Tom said, “ Why did Ann go?”Tom asked why Ann had gone.

When the “reporting” verb is past (he said, I thought, ….)

• Present Simple (I)• Past Simple (II)• Future Simple (will+I)• Present Continuous

(am/is/are+ing)• Past Continuous

(was/were+ing)• Present Perfect

(have/has+III)• Past Perfect (had+III)• Can• May• Must

• Past Simple (II)• Past Perfect (had+III)• Future S in the Past (would+I)• Past Continuous

(was/were+ing)• Past Perfect Continuous

(had+been+ing)• Past Perfect (had+III)

• Past Perfect (had+III)• Could• Might• Must / had to

Words which talk about “here” and “now” change when the reporting verb is in a past tense form.

• now• here• today

• tomorrow• yesterday• this year• next year• last year

• 2 years ago

• Then, at that time• there• that day• the next day / the following day• the day before / the previous day• that year• the next year• the year before / the previous

year• 2 years before

EX.1 The “reporting” verb is present

• Mary says:• Mary says to Ann:

1. She lives here.2. She lived here.3. She will live here.4. She is living here.5. She was living here.6. She has lived here.7. She had lived here.

EX.2 The “reporting” verb is past1. Pres S

2. Past S

3. Future S

4. Pres Cont

5. Past Cont

6. Pres Perf

7. Past Perf

1. Mary said: She lives here.– Mary said that she lived there

2. Mary said to Ann: She lived here.– Mary told Ann that she had lived there

3. Mary said: She will live here.– Mary said that she would live there.

4. Mary said to Ann: She is living here.– Mary told Ann that she was living there.

5. Mary said: She was living here.– Mary said that she had been living there.

6. Mary said to Ann: She has lived here.– Mary told Ann that she had lived there

7. Mary said: She had lived here.– Mary said that she had lived there

1. Past S

2. Past Perf

3. Future S in the Past

4. Past Cont

5. Past Perf Cont

6. Past Perf

7. Past Perf

Exercise• Subject• General• WH (1-3)• Tag• Start with: Do you know…

– General– Wh

• Reported Speech (Tom asked….)– General– Wh

• The Rolling Stones finished performing in 1972• They have described Britain as a “leisure society”• The children were crying when we got home.• Kate is coming to the party tonight.• Meg goes to music school twice a week• Dan will come to see us next week