property of lear siegler. pressure & winds property of lear siegler

Property of Lear Siegler

PRESSURE & WINDS

Property of Lear Siegler

ELO # 1

ACTION: Identify the standard mean sea level in inches of mercury or millibars.

CONDITION: Given pertinent information about mean sea level.

STANDARD: IAW FM 1-230 para 5-3

ATMOSPHERIC PRESSUREForce exerted by the weight of a column of

air per unit area

Property of Lear Siegler

ATMOSPHERIC PRESSUREForce exerted by the weight of a column of

air per unit area

Property of Lear Siegler

Each brick = 1 lb Total Wt 8 lbs

Scale

ATMOSPHERIC PRESSUREForce exerted by the weight of a column of

air per unit area

Property of Lear Siegler

Total Wt 1 lb

Property of Lear Siegler

Property of Lear Siegler

Mercurial Barometer

Vacuum in tube, mostof air removed.

Atmospheric Weight

Normal atmosphericpressure at

sea level supports a column of mercury 29.92 inches high

Property of Lear Siegler

Aneroid Barometer

29.92 “hg

1013.2 hP / mb

Standard Day Pressure

Property of Lear Siegler

24.92 “Hg

29.92 “Hg1013.2 mb

843.9 mb

New OrleansDenver1013.2 mb SLP =

Station Pressure

SLP : Station pressure corrected for elevation and temperature

SLP = 1013.2 mb

Station Pressure

Property of Lear Siegler

ELO # 2

ACTION: Identify the definition of an isobar.

CONDITION: From a list select the correct definition.

STANDARD: IAW FM 1-230 para 5-5

ISOBARS

LINES CONNECTING POINTS OF EQUAL PRESSURE CORRECTED TO SEA LEVEL

SPACED 4 MB APART

1004 mb

1004 mb

PURPOSE OF ISOBARS

TO SHOW AREAS OF HIGH AND LOW PRESSURE

TO SHOW WIND DIRECTION

TO SHOW RELATIVE WIND SPEEDS

Property of Lear Siegler

ELO # 3

ACTION: Identify pressure patterns.

CONDITION: From a chart, identify the correct mean sea level pressure.

STANDARD: IAW FM 1-230 para 5-5

FM 1-230

Figure 5-6

1024

1020

Property of Lear Siegler

HIGH: (anticyclone) areas where pressureis higher than all surrounding pressure.

H

Property of Lear Siegler

RIDGE – an elongated area of high pressure

Property of Lear Siegler

992

996

1000

LOWS: (cyclones) areas where pressureis lower than all surrounding pressure.

Property of Lear Siegler

Trough – an elongated area of low pressure

Property of Lear Siegler

ELO # 4

ACTION: Identify the definition of pressure gradient force.

CONDITION: From a list select the correct definition.

STANDARD: IAW FM 1-230 para 5-6

PRESSURE GRADIENT FORCE

The force exerted by the change in pressure per unit of horizontal distance. (The rate at which the air will accelerate depends on the rate at which pressure changes with distance.)

This force causes the wind to blow.

ELO # 5

ACTION: Identify the characteristics of the pressure gradient force.

CONDITION: Given a list, select the characteristics of the pressure gradient force.

STANDARD: IAW FM 1-230

PRESSURE GRADIENT

ACTS FROM HIGH TO LOW PRESSURE

ACTS PERPENDICULAR TO ISOBARS

Property of Lear Siegler

H

Property of Lear Siegler

L

PRESSURE GRADIENT

ISOBARS CLOSELY SPACED

WEAK OR FLAT PRESSURE GRADIENT

CALM OR LIGHT WINDS

ISOBARS WIDELY SPACED

STRONG OR STEEP PRESSURE GRADIENT MODERATE TO STRONG WINDS

Property of Lear Siegler

Property of Lear SieglerBreak

ELO # 6

ACTION: Identify the characteristics of Coriolis force.

CONDITION: From a list select the statement that correctly describes the effects of Coriolis force.

STANDARD: IAW FM 1-230 para 6-7

Coriolis ForceA FORCE DEVELOPED BY THE UNEQUAL SPEED OF ROTATION OF THE EARTH’S SURFACE.

Property of Lear Siegler

Characteristics

Property of Lear Siegler

CORIOLIS CHARACTERISTICS

ACTS PERPENDICULAR TO WIND

PROPORTIONAL TO WIND SPEED

STRONGEST AT POLES ZERO ATEQUATOR

Property of Lear SieglerBreak

ELO # 7

ACTION: Identify the definition of wind flow around highs and lows in the Northern Hemisphere.

CONDITION: From a list identify the orientation of wind flow in relation to the isobars.

STANDARD: IAW FM 1-230

H

L

Property of Lear Siegler

Pressure gradient

H

L

Property of Lear Siegler

Pressure gradient

Wind

Property of Lear Siegler

Pressure gradient

Wind

Coriolis

Property of Lear Siegler

Pressure gradient

Wind

Coriolis

Property of Lear Siegler

Pressure gradient

Wind

Coriolis

Property of Lear Siegler

Pressure gradient

Wind

Coriolis

Property of Lear Siegler

Pressure gradient

Wind

Coriolis

Property of Lear Siegler

GRADIENT WIND

H

L

Property of Lear Siegler

ABOVE 2000’

H

Property of Lear Siegler

H

Property of Lear Siegler

L

Property of Lear Siegler

L

Property of Lear Siegler

Pressure gradient

Wind

Coriolis

Property of Lear Siegler Break

Pressure gradient

Wind

Coriolis

Friction

Property of Lear Siegler

Pressure gradient

Wind

Coriolis

Friction

Property of Lear Siegler

Pressure gradient

Wind

Coriolis

Friction

Property of Lear Siegler

Pressure gradient

Wind

Coriolis

Friction

Property of Lear Siegler

SURFACE WIND

H

L

Property of Lear Siegler

H L

GRADIENT WINDS / WINDS ALOFT

Property of Lear Siegler

H L

SURFACE WINDS

Property of Lear Siegler

360

090

180

270

060

Property of Lear Siegler

360

090

180

270

240

Property of Lear Siegler

360

090

180

270

WINDS ALOFT 180Property of Lear Siegler

360

090

180

270

SURFACE WIND 150Property of Lear Siegler

360

090

180

270

WINDS ALOFT 360Property of Lear Siegler

360

090

180

270

SURFACE WINDS 330Property of Lear Siegler

?????????

IF THE GRADIENT WIND AT 2500´ ABOVE THE SURFACE IS FROM 270° WHAT RUNWAY SHOULD YOU LAND ON?

N

Property of Lear Siegler

2500

N

SURFACE

Property of Lear Siegler

Property of Lear Siegler

ELO # 8

ACTION: Identify the characteristics of high and low pressure systems.

CONDITION: From a list identify the characteristics of a high or low pressure system.

STANDARD: IAW FM 1-230

HIGH PRESSURE SYSTEMS(ANTICYCLONE)GENERAL WEATHER

• SINKING OF AIR NEAR CENTER

• DIVERGENCE

• FAVORABLE WEATHER

• LIGHT TO MODERATE WINDS

• POSSIBLE EARLY MORNING FOG

• LAYERS OF HAZE

• CENTER OF HIGH – CLEAR SKIES

Property of Lear Siegler

LOW PRESSURE SYSTEM(CYCLONE)

GENERAL WEATHER

• LIFTING NEAR CENTER OF LOW

• CONVERGENCE

• MODERATE TO STRONG WINDS

• TURBULENCE

• CUMULIFORM CLOUDS

• RAIN SHOWERS AND/OR HAIL

• FRONTAL SYSTEMSProperty of Lear Siegler

ELO # 9

ACTION: Using Buys Ballot Law, determine if an aircraft is flying toward higher or lower pressure.

CONDITION: Given aircraft heading, wind direction, or ground track, determine if the aircraft is flying toward high or low pressure.

STANDARD: IAW FM 1-230

BUYS BALLOT’S LAW

WITH YOUR BACK TO THE WIND, LOW PRESSURE WILL TO YOUR LEFT

H

L

Property of Lear Siegler

H L

WINDS ALOFT

Property of Lear Siegler

TRUE ALT

TRUE ALT

IND ALTIND ALT

Property of Lear Siegler

Ind True

H L

L H

FM 1-230 Referencesfor today…

• Pressure 5-1 thru 5-7

• Atmospheric Circulation 6-6 thru 6-8

FM 1-230 Referencesfor tomorrow…

• Moisture Chapter 4

• Stability Chapter 7

• Clouds Chapter 8

STOPSTOP

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