property of lear siegler. pressure & winds property of lear siegler
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Property of Lear Siegler
PRESSURE & WINDS
Property of Lear Siegler
ELO # 1
ACTION: Identify the standard mean sea level in inches of mercury or millibars.
CONDITION: Given pertinent information about mean sea level.
STANDARD: IAW FM 1-230 para 5-3
ATMOSPHERIC PRESSUREForce exerted by the weight of a column of
air per unit area
Property of Lear Siegler
ATMOSPHERIC PRESSUREForce exerted by the weight of a column of
air per unit area
Property of Lear Siegler
Each brick = 1 lb Total Wt 8 lbs
Scale
ATMOSPHERIC PRESSUREForce exerted by the weight of a column of
air per unit area
Property of Lear Siegler
Total Wt 1 lb
Property of Lear Siegler
Property of Lear Siegler
Mercurial Barometer
Vacuum in tube, mostof air removed.
Atmospheric Weight
Normal atmosphericpressure at
sea level supports a column of mercury 29.92 inches high
Property of Lear Siegler
Aneroid Barometer
29.92 “hg
1013.2 hP / mb
Standard Day Pressure
Property of Lear Siegler
24.92 “Hg
29.92 “Hg1013.2 mb
843.9 mb
New OrleansDenver1013.2 mb SLP =
Station Pressure
SLP : Station pressure corrected for elevation and temperature
SLP = 1013.2 mb
Station Pressure
Property of Lear Siegler
ELO # 2
ACTION: Identify the definition of an isobar.
CONDITION: From a list select the correct definition.
STANDARD: IAW FM 1-230 para 5-5
ISOBARS
LINES CONNECTING POINTS OF EQUAL PRESSURE CORRECTED TO SEA LEVEL
SPACED 4 MB APART
1004 mb
1004 mb
PURPOSE OF ISOBARS
TO SHOW AREAS OF HIGH AND LOW PRESSURE
TO SHOW WIND DIRECTION
TO SHOW RELATIVE WIND SPEEDS
Property of Lear Siegler
ELO # 3
ACTION: Identify pressure patterns.
CONDITION: From a chart, identify the correct mean sea level pressure.
STANDARD: IAW FM 1-230 para 5-5
FM 1-230
Figure 5-6
1024
1020
Property of Lear Siegler
HIGH: (anticyclone) areas where pressureis higher than all surrounding pressure.
H
Property of Lear Siegler
RIDGE – an elongated area of high pressure
Property of Lear Siegler
992
996
1000
LOWS: (cyclones) areas where pressureis lower than all surrounding pressure.
Property of Lear Siegler
Trough – an elongated area of low pressure
Property of Lear Siegler
ELO # 4
ACTION: Identify the definition of pressure gradient force.
CONDITION: From a list select the correct definition.
STANDARD: IAW FM 1-230 para 5-6
PRESSURE GRADIENT FORCE
The force exerted by the change in pressure per unit of horizontal distance. (The rate at which the air will accelerate depends on the rate at which pressure changes with distance.)
This force causes the wind to blow.
ELO # 5
ACTION: Identify the characteristics of the pressure gradient force.
CONDITION: Given a list, select the characteristics of the pressure gradient force.
STANDARD: IAW FM 1-230
PRESSURE GRADIENT
ACTS FROM HIGH TO LOW PRESSURE
ACTS PERPENDICULAR TO ISOBARS
Property of Lear Siegler
H
Property of Lear Siegler
L
PRESSURE GRADIENT
ISOBARS CLOSELY SPACED
WEAK OR FLAT PRESSURE GRADIENT
CALM OR LIGHT WINDS
ISOBARS WIDELY SPACED
STRONG OR STEEP PRESSURE GRADIENT MODERATE TO STRONG WINDS
Property of Lear Siegler
Property of Lear SieglerBreak
ELO # 6
ACTION: Identify the characteristics of Coriolis force.
CONDITION: From a list select the statement that correctly describes the effects of Coriolis force.
STANDARD: IAW FM 1-230 para 6-7
Coriolis ForceA FORCE DEVELOPED BY THE UNEQUAL SPEED OF ROTATION OF THE EARTH’S SURFACE.
Property of Lear Siegler
Characteristics
Property of Lear Siegler
CORIOLIS CHARACTERISTICS
ACTS PERPENDICULAR TO WIND
PROPORTIONAL TO WIND SPEED
STRONGEST AT POLES ZERO ATEQUATOR
Property of Lear SieglerBreak
ELO # 7
ACTION: Identify the definition of wind flow around highs and lows in the Northern Hemisphere.
CONDITION: From a list identify the orientation of wind flow in relation to the isobars.
STANDARD: IAW FM 1-230
H
L
Property of Lear Siegler
Pressure gradient
H
L
Property of Lear Siegler
Pressure gradient
Wind
Property of Lear Siegler
Pressure gradient
Wind
Coriolis
Property of Lear Siegler
Pressure gradient
Wind
Coriolis
Property of Lear Siegler
Pressure gradient
Wind
Coriolis
Property of Lear Siegler
Pressure gradient
Wind
Coriolis
Property of Lear Siegler
Pressure gradient
Wind
Coriolis
Property of Lear Siegler
GRADIENT WIND
H
L
Property of Lear Siegler
ABOVE 2000’
H
Property of Lear Siegler
H
Property of Lear Siegler
L
Property of Lear Siegler
L
Property of Lear Siegler
Pressure gradient
Wind
Coriolis
Property of Lear Siegler Break
Pressure gradient
Wind
Coriolis
Friction
Property of Lear Siegler
Pressure gradient
Wind
Coriolis
Friction
Property of Lear Siegler
Pressure gradient
Wind
Coriolis
Friction
Property of Lear Siegler
Pressure gradient
Wind
Coriolis
Friction
Property of Lear Siegler
SURFACE WIND
H
L
Property of Lear Siegler
H L
GRADIENT WINDS / WINDS ALOFT
Property of Lear Siegler
H L
SURFACE WINDS
Property of Lear Siegler
360
090
180
270
060
Property of Lear Siegler
360
090
180
270
240
Property of Lear Siegler
360
090
180
270
WINDS ALOFT 180Property of Lear Siegler
360
090
180
270
SURFACE WIND 150Property of Lear Siegler
360
090
180
270
WINDS ALOFT 360Property of Lear Siegler
360
090
180
270
SURFACE WINDS 330Property of Lear Siegler
?????????
IF THE GRADIENT WIND AT 2500´ ABOVE THE SURFACE IS FROM 270° WHAT RUNWAY SHOULD YOU LAND ON?
N
Property of Lear Siegler
2500
N
SURFACE
Property of Lear Siegler
Property of Lear Siegler
ELO # 8
ACTION: Identify the characteristics of high and low pressure systems.
CONDITION: From a list identify the characteristics of a high or low pressure system.
STANDARD: IAW FM 1-230
HIGH PRESSURE SYSTEMS(ANTICYCLONE)GENERAL WEATHER
• SINKING OF AIR NEAR CENTER
• DIVERGENCE
• FAVORABLE WEATHER
• LIGHT TO MODERATE WINDS
• POSSIBLE EARLY MORNING FOG
• LAYERS OF HAZE
• CENTER OF HIGH – CLEAR SKIES
Property of Lear Siegler
LOW PRESSURE SYSTEM(CYCLONE)
GENERAL WEATHER
• LIFTING NEAR CENTER OF LOW
• CONVERGENCE
• MODERATE TO STRONG WINDS
• TURBULENCE
• CUMULIFORM CLOUDS
• RAIN SHOWERS AND/OR HAIL
• FRONTAL SYSTEMSProperty of Lear Siegler
ELO # 9
ACTION: Using Buys Ballot Law, determine if an aircraft is flying toward higher or lower pressure.
CONDITION: Given aircraft heading, wind direction, or ground track, determine if the aircraft is flying toward high or low pressure.
STANDARD: IAW FM 1-230
BUYS BALLOT’S LAW
WITH YOUR BACK TO THE WIND, LOW PRESSURE WILL TO YOUR LEFT
H
L
Property of Lear Siegler
H L
WINDS ALOFT
Property of Lear Siegler
TRUE ALT
TRUE ALT
IND ALTIND ALT
Property of Lear Siegler
Ind True
H L
L H
FM 1-230 Referencesfor today…
• Pressure 5-1 thru 5-7
• Atmospheric Circulation 6-6 thru 6-8
FM 1-230 Referencesfor tomorrow…
• Moisture Chapter 4
• Stability Chapter 7
• Clouds Chapter 8
STOPSTOP
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