promoting agricultural development in sub saharan africa to achieve the millennium development goals...
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PROMOTING AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN SUB SAHARAN
AFRICA TO ACHIEVE THE MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS
Monty Jones,
Executive Director
UN presentation
Presentation Outline
Role of agriculture towards achievement of MDGs
Regional strategies and frameworks towards reforming African agriculture to increase its productivity thereby contributing to achievement of the MDGs CAADP, FAAP FARA and SROs
Conclusion
Performance of African agriculturePerformance of African agricultureCereal yields rose in all regions except Sub Saharan Africa (SSA)
SSA registered lowest growth in agricultural value added per agricultural population
Source: World Bank (2007) World Development Report 2008
LEGEND:
SSA – Sub Saharan Africa
SA – South Asia
EAP – East Asia and Pacific
MENA – Middle East and North Africa
LAC – Latin America and Caribbean
Indicators of agricultural performance show stagnation or decline in SSA
Role of agriculture towards achievement of MDGs in SSARole of agriculture towards achievement of MDGs in SSA
Goal Role of Agriculture in SSA
1. Eradicating poverty and hunger
Increase in agricultural productivity and access to markets increases income, food availability and reduces food prices
7. Ensure environmental sustainability
Practices that integrate sustainability; Increased productivity curbs pressure on sources of environmental services
2. Universal primary education
3. Empowerment of women
4. Reduction in child mortality,
5. Maternal health improvement
6. Combating HIV/AIDS, malaria + other diseases
Improving agricultural practices to relieve children, girls and women from labour and drudgery
Raising incomes
Enhancing food and nutrition security
SSA not likely to achieve MDG targets by 2015SSA not likely to achieve MDG targets by 2015
Unless current trends of decline are dramatically reversed, SSA is set to become the only region that will fail to achieve MDG targets by 2015
East Asia and Pacific
Latin America & Caribbean
South AsiaMDG
Targets
Sub Saharan Africa
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 20150
20
10
30
40
Sh
are
of
pe
op
le l
ivin
g o
n l
ess
than
US
$1 a
day
(%
)
Source: (World Bank 2005)
The African vision by AU/NEPADThe African vision by AU/NEPAD
Dynamic agricultural markets among nations/region Become a net exporter of agricultural products Food available/affordable + equitable wealth distribution Strategic player in agricultural S&T development Sustainable use of natural resources
Regional agricultural production to grow at an annual rate of 6% by 2015.
Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme (CAADP)
The CAADP PillarsThe CAADP Pillars
PILLAR 1Extending the area under sustainable land and water management
PILLAR 3Increasing food supply and reducing hunger
PILLAR 4Agricultural research, technology dissemination & adoption
• Integrated natural resource management
• Adoptive management of appropriate germplasm
• Development of sustainable market chains
• Policies for sustainable agriculture
PILLAR 2Improving rural infrastructure and trade-related capacities for market access
Each pillar has a lead institution responsible for developing a framework (guidelines and principles for implementation)
The Framework for African Agricultural Productivity (FAAP)The Framework for African Agricultural Productivity (FAAP)
1. Systematic fragmentation among innovation systems elements
• Capacity weaknesses
• Insufficient end-user involvement
• Ineffective farmer support systems
2. Fragmented external support
3. Inadequate investment in ARD
1. Systematic fragmentation among innovation systems elements
• Capacity weaknesses
• Insufficient end-user involvement
• Ineffective farmer support systems
2. Fragmented external support
3. Inadequate investment in ARD 4
% g
row
th r
ate
in
ag
ric
ult
ura
l pro
du
cti
vity
4%
gro
wth
ra
te in
a
gri
cu
ltu
ral p
rod
uc
tivi
ty
CA
AD
P
6%
gro
wth
ra
te in
ag
ricu
ltu
reC
AA
DP
6
% g
row
th r
ate
in a
gri
cult
urePrioritizes activities with the highest
potential to impact productivity, e.g.
Endorsed by African Heads of State and Government in June 2006
The FAAP processThe FAAP process
Common understanding of FAAP as a tool to: Provide sound guidance for
overall direction of agricultural productivity interventions
Support processes that steer institutions and programs towards CAADP vision
Advocate increased political support, technical, methodological support and financial support
FAAP as a tool for promoting agricultural innovationFAAP as a tool for promoting agricultural innovation
farmerfarmer
1. Evolution & reform of agricultural 1. Evolution & reform of agricultural institutions & servicesinstitutions & services
3. A
ligne
d &
coo
rdin
ated
fina
ncia
l sup
port
3. A
ligne
d &
coo
rdin
ated
fina
ncia
l sup
port
2. Increasing the scale of Africa’s
2. Increasing the scale of Africa’s
investment
investment
Extension, research, training & educationExtension, research, training & education
African countries, private sector
African countries, private sector
Dev
elop
men
t age
ncie
s, in
t’l
Dev
elop
men
t age
ncie
s, in
t’l
finan
cing
inst
itutio
ns
finan
cing
inst
itutio
ns
FAAP interventionsFAAP interventions
National (e.g. Poverty Reduction Strategies)- Response to market conditions and economic fluctuations- Knowledge sharing, synergies & feedback mechanisms
- Stakeholder participation in decision making
National (e.g. Poverty Reduction Strategies)- Response to market conditions and economic fluctuations- Knowledge sharing, synergies & feedback mechanisms
- Stakeholder participation in decision making
Sub-regional (e.g. WAAPP of West Africa)
-use of pluralistic model- use principles of subsidiarity
- cost sharing to achieve economies of scale- coordinated advocacy
Sub-regional (e.g. WAAPP of West Africa)
-use of pluralistic model- use principles of subsidiarity
- cost sharing to achieve economies of scale- coordinated advocacy
Regional (e.g. FARA regional initiatives)
-Advocacy for investments-Partnership building
-Exchange of info & learning
Regional (e.g. FARA regional initiatives)
-Advocacy for investments-Partnership building
-Exchange of info & learning
Relationship of FARA and SROs to FAAP & CAADPRelationship of FARA and SROs to FAAP & CAADP
CAADP
Pil
lar
1:
La
nd
ma
nag
em
ent
Pil
lar
2:
Ru
ral
infr
astr
uc
ture
Pil
lar
3:
Fo
od
su
pp
ly
Pil
lar
4:
Ag
ric
ult
ura
l re
sea
rch
&
te
ch
no
log
y d
iss
emin
ati
on
FARA
FAAP Evolution and reform of
agricultural institutions and services
Increasing the scale of Africa’s agricultural productivity investments
Aligned and co-ordinated financial support
SUB-REGIONAL
ORGANIZATIONS:
AA
RIN
ENA
ASA
REC
A
CO
RA
F/W
ECA
RD
SAD
C/F
AN
R
Strategic Plans
Operational Plans
Programmes
Projects
AU-NEPAD
FARA’s Regional InitiativesFARA’s Regional Initiatives
Network support function
Initiative Concept
1.Advocacy and resource mobilisation
FAAP Framework to guide interventions
2.Access to knowledge and technologies
RAILS Facilitate access to information and learning
DONATA Dissemination of technologies
3.Regional policies and markets ABBI Policies on emerging technologies
4. Capacity strengthening
SCARDA Institutional capacity development
BASIC Building Africa’s capacity to build it’s own capacity
5.Partnerships and strategic alliances
SSA-CP Promoting innovation systems approach to research
PAEPARD Inter-regional collaboration between Europe and Africa
10% Budget Allocation (2002-2004)
0
5
10
15
20
25
Benin
Buru
ndi
Cam
ero
on
Chad
Eth
iopia
Gabon
Gam
bia
Kenya
Mauritiu
s
Mozam
biq
ue
Nig
er
Senegal
Sie
rra L
eone
Sudan
Sw
azila
nd
Tanzania
Tunis
ia
Uganda
Zim
babw
e
% A
llo
cate
d t
o A
gri
c.
2002
2003
2004
Tracking progress towards 10%
contribution of national budgets
to agriculture (2002-04)
Increasing investment in African agricultural productivity programsIncreasing investment in African agricultural productivity programs
What is required?
• Substantial increase in funding from African governments
• G8 and associated development agencies to honour commitments to increase support to African agriculture
Harmonization of external funding supportHarmonization of external funding support
1. Synchronization of support to avoid fragmentation
2. Enhancement of overall funding to national governments
3. Contribute towards comprehensive + sustained funding
Aims
Mechanisms
1. Shift from project support to a programmatic approach
2. Adoption of common processes
• Common financial management procedures, monitoring and evaluation and reporting and review systems
3. Multi-donor trust funds or pooling of resources
Monitoring & Evaluation of FAAPMonitoring & Evaluation of FAAP
FAAP and CAADP review process To be undertaken in year 2010 and 2015 To cover status of agricultural innovation across the continent
FAAP monitoring and evaluation Investments in agricultural research and dissemination systems
Trends in value of agricultural production, productivity, trade
Trends in farmer income and poverty measures
Indicators of institutional capacity and reform
Number and area under new technologies
Number of farmers, processors and others adopting the new technologies
Policy, strategies and programs in place
Number of donors coordinating and harmonizing support under FAAP
ConclusionConclusion Agriculture is a fundamental instrument for achieving
broad-based development in Africa and the MDGs
A Vision and Framework for increasing agricultural productivity (CAADP & FAAP) are in place and have received endorsement at the highest political level.
We now need to speed up their implementation; a collective task for national, regional and international actors
Africa may not realise the MDGs by the target date of 2015, but with concerted effort towards the Vision it can achieve them within the lifetimes of our children!!
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