programmable logic design (pld)

Programmable Logic Design (PLD)

Programmable Logic Device

• An IC that contains large amount of gates, flip flops and registers that are interconnected on a chip

• Can be configured by the user to perform a logic function

• Configured by programming of fuses

Problems of using standard ICs

• Require hundreds or thousands of ICs

• Require large board space

• Requires large amount of time and cost in inserting, soldering and testing

Advantages of using PLD

• Less board space

• Faster in designing

• Higher reliability

ANDArray

ORArray

Input Output

Introduction

Classification of PLD

• Programmable Array Logic (PAL)

• Programmable Logic Array (PLA)

• Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM)

• Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD)

• Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)

Programmable Array Logic(PAL)

ANDArray

ORArray

Programmable Fixed

Input Output

Programmable Array Logic (PAL)

The output comes back as an input

Programmable Fixed

4 input, 4 output, 3 AND-OR Structure

Example of a PAL Design

Example: Design a PAL

W(A,B,C,D) = ∑m(2,12,13)

X(A,B,C,D) = ∑m(7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15)

Y(A,B,C,D) = ∑m(0,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,10,11,15)

Z(A,B,C,D) = ∑m(1,2,8,12,13)

CD

AB00 01 11 10

00 101

11 1 110

CD

AB00 01 11 10

00 1 1 101 1 1 1 111 110 1 1 1

CD

AB00 01 11 10

00 1 101

11 1 110 1

CD

AB00 01 11 10

00

01 111 1 1 1 110 1 1 1 1

W = ABC’ + A’B’CD’

X = A + BCD

Y = A’B + CD + B’D’

Z = AC’D’ + A’B’C’D + ABC’ + A’B’CD’

= W + AC’D’ + A’B’C’D

Limitations

• Even if the terms are repetitive they cant be reused as the AND outputs are fixed therefore it is not possible to share the AND outputs.

Programmable Logic Array(PLA)

ANDArray

ORArray

Programmable Programmable

Input Output

Programmable Logic Array (PLA)

Implements SOP

Programmable Fixed

PLA

• The output and its compliment are available.

• Any SOP can be implemented

• But it should be seen to it that the terms are shared to the maximum extent.

• Only limitations is the number of AND gates available.

Example of PLA Design

Design a PLA circuit :

W(A,B,C,D) = ∑m(3,7,8,9,11,15)

X(A,B,C,D) = ∑m(3,4,5,7,10,14,15)

Y(A,B,C,D) = ∑m(1,5,7,11,15)

CD

AB00 01 11 10

00 101 111 110 1 1 1

CD

AB00 01 11 10

00 101 1 1 111 1 110 1

CD

AB00 01 11 10

00 101 1 111 110 1

W = A’CD + ACD + AB’C’

X = A’BC’ + A’CD + BCD + ACD’

Y = A’C’D + BCD + ACD

Exercise

Design the following using PAL and PLA

F1(A, B, C) = ∑m(3,5,6,7)

F2(A, B, C) = ∑m(0,2,4,7)

Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM)

ANDArray

ORArray

Fixed (Decoder) Programmable

Input Output

Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM)

Implements Sum of Min-terms

Programmable Fixed

32 x 8 ROM

Design a circuit using ROM whcich accepts a 3 bit binary no. and outputs the square of the number

B0 = A0

B1 = 0

B2 = ∑m(2,6)

B3 = ∑m(3,5)

B4 = ∑m(4,5,7)

B5 = ∑m(6,7)