presentation summary overview of active volcanoes in italy asi-srv project contest
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ASI-SRV: ASI Pilot Project to support the Monitoring of Volcanic Risk in Italy by means
of EO data.M.F. Buongiorno, M.Musacchio, M. Silvetri, S.Zoffoli, C.Cardaci, E.Sansosti,
S.Pugnaghi, S.Teggi, S.Vignoli, A.Amodio, G.Puglisi, S.Borgström.
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PRESENTATION SUMMARY
• Overview of active volcanoes in Italy
• ASI-SRV project contest
• SRV system description
• Products
• Scheduling and current status
• Final remarks
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Italian seismic and volcanic surveillance
Italy presents both high seismicity and volcanic activity on its territory
Volcanic Eruptions have been very frequent (Etna and Stromboli) in the last 8-10 years.
INGV is responsible at national level to develop and maintain the seismic and volcanic geophysics networks to monitor earthquake and volcanic activity and support the Italian Department of Civil Protection.
Volcanic Observatories are located in Napoli and Catania (INGV-OV and INGV-CT)
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Main Volcanic areas in Italy
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Types of volcanic activity produced by Italian volcanoesTypes of volcanic activity produced by Italian volcanoes
•Lava Flows: (Etna, Stromboli, Vesuvio);
• Ash Clouds, Strombolian actviity (Etna, Stromboli, Vesuvio, Vulcano);
•Anomalous gas emissions (Panarea, Colli Albani, Vulcano);
• lahars, land slides, debris-flows (all volcanoes);
•tsunami (Stromboli, Etna, Vesuvio);
•Pyroclastic Flows (Vesuvio, Vulcano, Campi Flegrei);
• Caldera Collapse (Campi Fregrei, Vesuvio, Etna)
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INGV Permanent Network distributionINGV Permanent Network distribution
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Discontinuous measurements Webcam network UV-scanner network for SO2 flux Seismic network GPS permanent network Gravimetric network Magnetic network Analysis of the erupted ash Analysis of the erupted products Geologic and structural surveys Lava mapping from field
INGVEtna ground Monitoring
systems
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Levelling network (435 km); EDM network (20 vertices) ; tiltmetric network (7 stations); non permanent GPS network (about 100 vertices); CGPS network (permanent GPS 16 stations); tide gauges network (7 stations); gravimetric network (68 points).
non-EO Data: Vesuvius
INGV Vesuvius andCampi Flegrei
ground networks
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DEVELOPMENT CONTEST DEVELOPMENT CONTEST
Volcanic Activity In ItalyItalian Space Agency EO Application
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ITALIAN SPACE AGENCY (ASI) APPLICATION PROJECTSITALIAN SPACE AGENCY (ASI) APPLICATION PROJECTS
ASI starting from the National Space Plan (PSN) 2003-2005 decided ASI starting from the National Space Plan (PSN) 2003-2005 decided to develop application products based on EO data to improve Scientific to develop application products based on EO data to improve Scientific and Technological research on and Technological research on Natural and Man-made Risks and to support End Users during crisis.
The 2003-2005 and 2006-2008 PSN have focused on the following application areas:
Hydro-geologic risks (landslides and floods)Hydro-geologic risks (landslides and floods)Geophysics Risks (earthquakes and volcanoes)Geophysics Risks (earthquakes and volcanoes)Forest Fires Forest Fires Marine pollutionMarine pollutionAir QualityAir Quality
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Volcanic Risk applications
Phase A: Feasibility study 2 Studies were selected on a
competitive basis (July 2003) – Call for Proposal
Phase B: Pilot Project 1 selected after Phase A
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ASI-SRV related projects and activities
A long preparatory phase contributed to development of the ASI-SRV project 1. INGV research activities in the Remote sensing data
analysis (since 1990)
2. ASI Research Projects (1998-2002)
3. DPC research projects (1994-2008)
4. FP6-PREVIEW project (2005-2008) (www.preview-risk.com)
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ASI Volcanic Application Projects development plan: ASI Volcanic Application Projects development plan:
Feasibility study
Pilot project preaparation
Pre-op. demonstrationon test site
Operations
Pilot projects development
6 m.
3 y.
6 m.March - September
2004
Duration Status
2005-2006
KO: January 2007
December 2008-2010
After Pilot project end in 2010
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THE ASI-SRVTHE ASI-SRVObjectivesObjectives
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Pilot Project Objectives
• The Objective of the Pilot Project SRV is to define, develop and The Objective of the Pilot Project SRV is to define, develop and demonstrate a pre-operational system based on EO data demonstrate a pre-operational system based on EO data integrated by ground measurements to support the End User integrated by ground measurements to support the End User (DPC) volcanic risk monitoring and crisis management for (DPC) volcanic risk monitoring and crisis management for Italian VolcanoesItalian Volcanoes.
• Improve scientific and technology research in volcanology. Improve scientific and technology research in volcanology. Analyze and define the gaps between the knowledge Analyze and define the gaps between the knowledge requirements and the current available technologyrequirements and the current available technology. .
• The SRV system should be built with characteristics of The SRV system should be built with characteristics of compliance respect to the Italian DPC requirements and compliance respect to the Italian DPC requirements and operability operability
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Project philosophy is to implement specific modules Project philosophy is to implement specific modules which allow to process, store and visualize through which allow to process, store and visualize through Web GIS EO/non EO integrated products considering Web GIS EO/non EO integrated products considering volcanic activity phases defined within DPC volcanic activity phases defined within DPC operations:operations:
– Knowledge and prevention (K&P)Knowledge and prevention (K&P)– Crisis (C)Crisis (C)– Post Crisis (PC)Post Crisis (PC)
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SYSTEM CONCEPT SYSTEM CONCEPT OVERVIEWOVERVIEW
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ASIResponsabile Contratto
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologiacoordinator of the project and scientific responsible
Advanced Computer SystemAdvanced Computer System Galileian PlusGalileian Plus
Università di Modena e Reggio EmiliaUniversità di Modena e Reggio Emilia(DIMA, DIMEC)(DIMA, DIMEC)
Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell’Ambiente (IREA)dell’Ambiente (IREA)
DPCDPCEnd UserEnd User
ASIASIContractorContractor
Involved in the developing of GIS module in order to explore EO traditional products. The GIS tools permits an easy access to the end users to visualize on Web the final products.
supports INGV to all management activities:–Configuration control–Quality control–product assurance–Transformation of the scientific algorithms into quality controlled procedure and visualization interface.developing scientific modules to process EO data
coordinates the ASI-SRV Pilot Project. The INGV responsabilities are:
–Developing and using of SRV system
–Scientific components
–developing algorithms related to the final products
– Integrate ground network data and field measurements
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General development schedule of SRV
Test Reports
Versione 1Sviluppo Infrastr.
Engineer. Algo (1)
Ricerca & Sviluppo
Integraz./Test
Demo pre-op. V1
Versione 2Engineer. Algo (2)
Integraz./Test
Demo pre-op. V2
Versione 3Engineer. R&S
Integraz./Test
Demo pre-op. V3
Prodotti
ASI
Utente
Time
The development of ASI-SRV system is based on three incremental versions of the system and a research and development line that permits to follow the scientific and technological improvements during the project life.
First Version:• Developing of system infrastructure• Ingestion module• Central repository module• Utility functions• Early warning and crisis algorithmsSecond Version:
• Updating of first version• Early warning, sin-crisis and post-crisis algorithmsThird Version:• Integration of R&D results• Use of COSMO-SkyMed data• Updating of second version
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Fornitori di Dati
Satellite
Dati rilevati sul campo
DPC
Sistema Rischio Vulcanico
Dati di terra
Archiviazione Dati
Ingestione Dati
GPS
Reti Sismiche
Dati EO
Misure atmosferiche
Dati orbitali e ausiliari del satellite
Stime del danno
Dati statici
DEMGCP
Modulo di Processamento
Modulo diSorveglianza eEarly Warning
Modulo diSupporto alla Fase
Sin-Eruttiva Modulo diSupporto alla Fase
Post-Eruttiva
Post-ElaborazioneGIS
Disseminazione
Visualizzazione eAnalisi
Operatore
Prodotti Finali
Data ingestion Central Repository Processor interface and visualization
Processing:• S/S volcanoes Surveillance and eruptions Early Warning• S/S Support to sin-eruptive phase• S/S Support to post eruptive phase
Post Elaboration GISDissemination
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Logical Architecture
Products publication
Web browser
DATA REPOSITORY
End user
WMSServer
Processing chains
Scientific Operators
Gis desktop
EO Raw data
Direct download
User User LevelLevel
Sources Sources LevelLevel
ProductProduct
Archive Archive and and
validation validation
Non-EOdata
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TEST SITES DESCRIPTIONTEST SITES DESCRIPTION
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It is characterized by an It is characterized by an almost persistent volcanic almost persistent volcanic activity, allowing the activity, allowing the generation of products generation of products related to the sin-eruptive related to the sin-eruptive and post-eruptive phase.and post-eruptive phase.It is possible to provide It is possible to provide products also if no eruptive products also if no eruptive events have occurred, using events have occurred, using EO data acquired during the EO data acquired during the eruptive events in the last eruptive events in the last years years
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0 5 km
Ioni
an S
ea
Central Crater
volume vs time
21st Century
The volume of erupted products was very high during the 17th century, followed by a
period of low activity lasted about 100 years.
Etna increased his effusive rate progressively between
18th and 19th centuries, culminating since 1950 in an significant increase of the
volume of erupted products.
Mt. Etna – Volcanic activity (INGV-CT)
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
16000101
16200101
16400101
16600101
16800101
17000101
17200101
17400101
17600101
17800101
18000101
18200101
18400101
18600101
18800101
19000101
19200101
19400101
19600101
19800101
20000101
yyyym m d d
volu
me
(m x
10
)3
6
17th century
18th century
19th century
20th century
1.3 m3/sec
0.2 m3/sec
0.3 m3/sec
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Vesuvio and Campi Flegrei Vesuvio and Campi Flegrei are representative to are representative to quiescent phase products quiescent phase products analysis, especially analysis, especially regarding the surface regarding the surface deformation mapdeformation map
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Vesuvio - Volcanic activity (INGV-OV)
Eruption of 1906
It comprises the older volcano, the Somma, whose summit collapsed, creating a caldera, and the younger volcano, Vesuvius, which rises out inside of this caldera
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Campi Flegrei – Volcanic activity (INGV-CT)
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The Campi Flegrei is a large 13-km-wide nested caldera located near Pozzuoli. It contains many volcanic centers that have been active during the past 30-40,000 years. Today, there is no sign of imminent activity, although there are abundant signs of the presence of a still active magma chamber in the forms of solfataras, warm springs, gas emissions etc.
Frequent episodes of major ground deformation in the form of large-scale up- and downlift of the ground (bradisism); whitin a few months it had risen by a total of 3.5 metres.
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Frequent monitoring with ground networks used to validate and integrate EO products.
Vesuvio
Campi Flegrei
Etna
Sites selection compatible with the spatial resolution of EO operative systems
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PRODUCTS PROVIDED
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The algorithms selected to for the EO processing modules have been analyzed during the Feasibility study on the basis of the following characteristics:
Robust with a well proved scientific back ground
High Adaptability to new space sensor
Portability into an integrates system
The algorithms were developed by the scientific consortium (INGV, IREA, UNIV Modena and R. Emilia), this ensure the possibility to upgrade the procedures and adapt them to SRV system
Products partially tested in other Projects or INGV surveillance procedures
Suitability of the generated products for the selected test sites
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Etna Ash and lava distribution map product
Etna Volcanic thickness product
Etna and Vesuvio – Campi FlegreiDeformation Map from DinSAR product (time series)
Post Crisis Phase
Etna Volcanic Plumes and Clouds analysis product
EtnaThermal Flux, Effusion Rate
Etna and Vesuvio – Campi FlegreiDeformation Map from DinSAR produsc (time series)
Etna and Vesuvio – Campi FlegreiDeformation Map from InSAR product (sin eruptive)
Crisis Phase
EtnaDegassing Plumes analysis product
Etna, Campi Flegrei, VesuvioSurface temperature and Thermal flux from
Etna and Vesuvio – Campi FlegreiDeformation Map from DinSAR product (time series)
Etna and Vesuvio – Campi FlegreiMultiparametric Analysis product
Knowledge and Prevention
GEOGRAPHICAL AREAEO PRODUCTSPHASE
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EO Data used to S/S Surveillance ed Early Warning of eruptions
FTP16 gg -3 ggASTERSO2 Flux
Digital supportON DEMANDHYPERION SENSORI AEREI
CO2 Content
FTP16 gg – 3 ggASTERSO2 Content
FTP Digital support /FTP
1 gg16 gg
MODISHYPERION
H2O Content
FTPFTP Digital support /FTP
16 gg-3 gg1 gg16 gg
ASTERMODISHYPERION
Aeorosol Optical Thickness
FTP16 gg – 3ggASTERThermal Flux
FTPDirect Broadcast/FTPFTP/Direct Broadcast ASI-Matera
16gg -3gg4 h1 gg
ASTERAVHRRMODIS
Surface Temperature
NA46ggALOSDeformation map in L band
NA16gg - 4ggCOSMO-SkyMedDeformation map in X band
Digital support/FTP35 ggERS-ENVISATDeformation map in C band
ProtocolRevisit TimeSensor - SatelliteProductsProtocolRevisit TimeSensor - SatelliteProducts
FTP1 g16gg – 3gg
MODISASTER
SO2 Flux
Digital SupportON DEMANDHYPERION SENSORI AEREI
CO2 Content
FTP1 gg16 gg – 3 gg
MODISASTER
SO2 Content
FTP Digital Support /FTP
1 g16 gg
MODISHYPERION
H2O Content
FTPFTP
16 gg-3 gg1 gg
ASTERMODIS
Aeorosol Optical Thickness
Digital Support /FTP35 ggENVISATInSAR deformation map
FTPDirect Broadcast/FTP
1 g4 h
MODISAVHRR
Ash loading
FTP1 gMODISAVHRR
Effusion rate
FTPDirect Broadcast/FTPFTP
16gg -3gg4 h1 gg
ASTERAVHRRMODIS
Lava thermal flux
FTPDirect Broadcast/FTPFTP
16gg -3gg4 h1 gg
ASTERAVHRRMODIS
Lava temperature
ProtocolRevisit TimeSensor - SatelliteProducts
Digital support /FTPFTPFTP Digital support
16 gg16gg – 3gg1,5gg – 3 gg1,5 gg
HYPERIONASTERQUICKBIRDIKONOS
Lava Distribution map
Digital support /FTPFTPFTP Digital support
16 gg16gg – 3gg1,5gg – 3 gg1,5 gg
HYPERIONASTERQUICKBIRDIKONOS
Ash distribution map
Digital support /FTPON DEMANDON DEMAND35 gg
HYPERIONQUICKBIRDASTER
Volcanic material thickness
NA46ggALOSDeformation map in L band
NA16gg - 4ggCOSMO-SkyMedDeformation map in X band
Digital support/FTP35 ggERS-ENVISATDeformation map in C band
EO Data used to S/S Support to sin-eruptive phaseEO Data used to S/S Support to sin-eruptive phaseEO Data used to S/S Support to post eruptive phaseEO Data used to S/S Support to post eruptive phase
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The following algorithms have been selected to implement the EO Processing:
– Radiometric calibration module– DEM co-registration Model– Atmospheric Correction Tool CIRILLO– SBAS DINSAR– Emissivity surface temperature (TES-Q)– Thermal Analysis– AOT– Volcanic Water Vapour– SO2 content– Ash loading map– SAR deformation map (sin eruptive)– Lava and Ash distribution map– GIS tool and statistical analisys
GENERAL PURPOUSE
SPECIFIC ALGORITHMS
GIS ANALYSIS TOOL
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Ground and Atmospheric measurements
1. INGV Observatories (INGV-OV and INGV-CT Sections)
2. Universitiy of Modena and Reggio Emilia
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DATA TYPE SCEHDULING ETNA VESUVIO CAMPI FLEGREI
GPS Weekly (satellite passages)
X X X
Leveling On availability base
X X
SO2
(doas/cospec)
continuosly X
Video Cameras Every 15 minutes X
Geological observations
Peridicaly X X X
Temperature Based on Satellite passages
X
Geochemical (CO2) daily X
Atmospheric profiles
Daily (3 times) X X X
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SRV SCHEDULE AND STATUS
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General ASI-SRV GANTT
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1 - 30 MONTHS
PDR
SRR
January 2008
April 2007
July, 2007
CDR
November 2008
STARTING DATE January 29 2007
QR-V1
AR-V1 June 2009
V1
V2 – V3
SYSTEM VALIDATION TESTS
CURRENT PROJECT STATUS
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FINAL REMARKS
SRV PROJECT IS DEVELOPING A PRE-OPERATIONAL SYSTEM TO INTEGRATE THE MONITORING GROUND NETWORK OF ETNA, VESUVIO AND CAMPI FLEGREI VOLCANOES WITH SYSTEMATIC SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS (EO)
SRV SYSTEM INCLUDES BOTH SAR and OPTICAL PROCESSING MODULES IN ORDER TO GET A COMBINATION OF INFORMATION
PRODUCTS AND DISSEMINATION INTERFACES HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED FOLLOWNG THE GMES EMERGENCY FAST TRACK USER REQUIREMENTS
SRV IS A MODULAR SYSTEM THEREFORE IT CAN BE EXPANDED BY ADDING NEW EO PROCESSING CHAINS, MODELS, GROUND DATA
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THANK YOU
A SPECIAL THANKS TO THE EFFORTS MADE BY THE TEAMS PARTICIPATING TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SRV PROJECT:
•INGV REMOTE SENSING UNIT•INGV VOLCANIC OBSERVATORIES•CNR-IREA•UNIVERSITY OF MODENA (DIMA & DIMEC)•ACS•GPLUS
•ITALIAN DEPARTEMENT OF CIVIL DEFENCE (DPC)
ASI PROJECT TEAM
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