powerpoint presentation on incidence of malaria
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SUPERVISED BY- SUBMITTED BY-
Dr Joyita Das Misha Saumya (Roll no.28)
Lecturer Jyoti (Roll no.25)
Department of Zoology Pushpa (Roll no.164)
Patna Women’s College B.sc III Zoology (Hons)
LIFE
CYCLE
EGG
LARVA
PUPA
ADULT
LARVA
KILLED
LIFE CYCLE
NOT
COMPLETED
EGG
BIOLOGICAL
CONTROL
EASILY
AVAILABLE
ANOPHELESSHOW NO
RESISTANCE
CHEAP AND
ACCESSIBLE
ECO-FRIENDLY
LIFE CYCLE OF PLASMODIUM
1.To study the incidence of malaria
in certain areas of Patna.
2.To study the relative abundance of
infective stage in a particular area.
3.To study the biological control of larval and adult form
of the mosquito.
4.To compare the biological and
chemical methods for the control of the
vector.
5.To study the effectiveness of certain plants regarding the
biological control .
Treatment of Anopheles larvae with different plants.
Comparative study of chemical and biological control methods of
the vector.
Survey to study the incidences of malaria in three different hospitals
of Patna.
SURVEY
Inhalation of chemical sprays cause respiratory disorders.
Low platelet countMostly cases of
P. vivax
Plants studied for efficacy as means of biological control were Psidium guajava, Ocimum sanctum and Cynodon dactylon.
A pilot study was done to select the appropriate doses.
Anopheles larvae were treated with selected doses for ten days.
Effects of doses were observed carefully and number of mortalities were noted down.
• An ideal model was set up for the process.
• 30gm and 50gm of guava, doob and tulsi dried
leaves were fumigated with coconut outer
dried part in the ratio 1:1
• Ten Anopheles mosquito were put in the
chamber and were observed carefully.
• Likewise, coil was kept in the chamber and
mortalities were noted down.
• Biological control methods are highly effective
without any ill-effect on environment and
human health.
• Plants leaves powder causes a certain level of
irritation and hence mortality in the Anopheles
larvae.
• Different phytochemicals present in the plants
have larvicidal properties.
Tulsi
• Oleic acid, palmitic acid and linoleic acid
• Leaves contain ursolic acid
Guava
• Oleic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid
• Palmitic acid and linoleic acid
Doob
• 3-phosphoinositide
• 4-amino-2methyl-5diphosphomethylpyridine.
• Researches show that mosquitoes have
developed resistance against chemicals.
• Biological control of vector is an essential and
effective means for controlling transmission of
malaria.
• Plants offer a safer alternative to synthetic
chemicals and can be obtained by individuals
and communities easily at a very low cost.
• Psidium guajava was most effective followed by Cynodon dactylon and Ocimum sanctum for the treatment of larvae.
• In the fumigation process, all the three plants were effective.
• Comparative study of chemical and biological control showed that:
mosquitoes remained inactive for hours but
did not die by the use of coils.
biological fumigation caused mortality of
mosquitoes.
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
DAY
1
DAY
2
DAY
3
DAY
4
DAY
5
DAY
6
DAY
7
DAY
8
DAY
9
DAY
10
MO
RT
AL
ITY
(n
o.
of
larv
ae)
NO. OF DAYS
GUAVA
TULSI
DOOB
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
DAY
1
DAY
2
DAY
3
DAY
4
DAY
5
DAY
6
DAY
7
DAY
8
DAY
9
DAY
10
MO
RT
AL
ITY
(n
o.
of
larv
ae)
NO. OF DAYS
GUAVA
TULSI
DOOB
Guava showed
highest efficacy
Doob was
Also potent.
Tulsi was also quite effective.
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
DAY 1 DAY2 DAY 3 DAY 4 DAY 5 DAY 6
TIM
E T
AK
EN
(in
ho
urs
)
NO. OF DAYS
Guava
Tulsi
Doob
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
DAY 1 DAY 2 DAY 3 DAY 4 DAY 5 DAY 6
TIM
E T
AK
EN
(in
ho
urs
)
NO. OF DAYS
Guava
Tulsi
Doob
PHOTOGRAPHS TAKEN DURING EXPERIMENT
• More emphasis should be given on biological method of control of the eradication of the vector.
• Dried leaves powder can be put in the areas of stagnant water like pots, coolers, water tanks etc.
• Plants like Psidium guajava, Ocimum sanctum and Cynodon dactylon can be grown in such places or containers where there is water logging to prevent the growth of its larvae.
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