piping vibration measurement and analysis · piping vibration measurement and analysis e²g...

PIPING VIBRATION MEASUREMENT

AND ANALYSIS

E²G specializes in delivering technically superior practical solutions.

E²G engineers can typically be on location within 24 hours.

E²G provides our clients industry-leading expertise.

E²G is the primary investigator of the new Part 14 (Assessment of Fatigue Damage) in the 2016 Edition of API 579-1/ASME FFS-1.

E²G is currently working as a API 579 task group member to add a new part to the next release of API 579 that will includeremaining-life and fatigue evaluation and screening methods for random piping vibration.

E²G can apply multiple measurement technologies to each problem to ensure accurate and reliable assessments.

E²G can offer root cause assessments, such as metallurgical failure analysis and advance analytics, including computational fluid dynamics (CFD).

E²G offers complete, turnkey solutions. Our engineers will be present in the field to interview personnel and perform all measurements.

E²G has expert knowledge of ASME construction codes and actively contributes to ASME B31 and Section VIII code committees.

V I B R A T I O N - R E L A T E D S E R V I C E S : T H E E ² G D I F F E R E N C E

FAST, EFFECTIVE VIBRATION SOLUTIONS

»

»

»

»

»

»

»

»

»

As opposed to vibration in rotating equipment, piping vibrations due to flow-induced turbulence are typically random and can even be non-Gaussian broad banded. These vibrations drastically differ from constant amplitude or multimodal vibrations typically seen in rotating equipment.

Practitioners can easily misuse the popular industry-accepted screening curves (i.e., The Energy Institute [EI] Velocity Screening Curves from the document Guidelines for the Avoidance of Vibration-Induced Fatigue Failure in Process Pipework) to assess random piping vibration. The curves were developed based on constant amplitude loading. Misuse of screening curves may result in added risk of fatigue failure.

Frequency (Hz)

Spectrum

EI Concern Line

EI Problem Line

Effective Values

Velocity Spectrum

Am

plit

ud

e (ip

s)

KE

Y

105 15 20

4.0

3.5

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

R A N D O M V I B R A T I O N S R E Q U I R E S P E C I A L E X P E R T I S E

Total RMS Signal Amplitude at the Effective Frequency Exceeds Screening Criteria (Correct Interpretation)

All of the Spectrum is Below the “Problem Limit”(Wrong Interpretation)

Effective Frequency (Hz)

Effective Frequency (Hz)

Effective Frequency (Hz)

Concern

Problem

A, North-South

A, East-West

A, Vertical

B, North-South

B, East-South

B, Vertical

D, North-South

D, East-West

D, Vertical

F, North-South

F, East-West

F, Vertical

G, North-South

G, East-West

G, Vertical

C, North-South

C, East-West

C, Vertical

E, North-South

E, East-West

E, Vertical

RMS Velocity Screening

PRIOR TO E²G RECOMMENDED SUPPORTS

AFTER E²G RECOMMENDED SUPPORTSINSTALLED IN-SERVICE

FOLLOWING INSTALLATION OF LARGERPIPE DIAMETERS DURING PLANNED OUTAGE

RMS Velocity Screening

RMS Velocity Screening

RM

S V

elo

cit

y (in

/s)

RM

S V

elo

cit

y (in

/s)

RM

S V

elo

cit

y (in

/s)

KE

Y

100

100

100

101

101

101

102

102

102

101

100

10-1

10-2

101

100

10-1

10-2

101

100

10-1

10-2

O P T I M I Z E D P I P E S U P P O R T S

Piping supports were optimized on-line to prevent a costly, necessary reduction in flow rates. E²G re-engineered the piping system to handle higher flow rates and increase profitability during the next scheduled outage

Location of on-line supports can be optimized based on vibration measurements and mode shape analysis.

E²G verifies all on-line supports are in compliance with B31 while reducing damaging vibration levels.

Maximize process flow rates while avoiding flow-induced vibrations.

Fatigue assessments and/or additional piping supports can be recommended for locations with screening points above the

“concern” line. Fatigue assessment is capable of probabilistically approximated remaining life due to fatigue-induced damage.

Fatigue assessment results guide NDE inspection by focusing on locations susceptible to highest vibration damage.

E²G can optimize piping designs to reduce flow-induced turbulence and high-stress, fatigue-prone locations.

Multiple sensor technologies (e.g., capacitive triaxial accelerometers, laser displacement sensors, and dynamic pressure transducers) can be used for high-risk scenarios.

»

»

»

»

»

»

»

BENEFITS OF AN E²G VIBRATION ASSESSMENT

The hardware and software used in E²G’s data collection system are fully customizable and expandable to meet any client’s needs. A 24-channel system (shown below) is capable of using accelerometers, displacement sensors, transient pressure gauges, and strain gauges.

E ² G ’ S D A T A C O L L E C T I O N S Y S T E M

A D D I T I O N A L B E N E F I T S

One benefit of an E²G vibration assessment includes E²G’s data collection system – hardware and software that are fully customizable and expandable to meet any client’s needs.

CORPORATE HEADQUARTERS SATELLITE OFFICE CONTACT

20600 Chagrin Boulevard, Suite 1200Shaker Heights, OH 44122

Houston, TX 216.283.9519Sales@E2G.comwww.E2G.com

THE EXPERTS BEHIND VIBRATION MANAGEMENT

Piping Vibration Measurement and Analysis Primary Technical Authority

API 579 Task Group Member on Piping Vibration

Technical Authority on CFD Analysis and Dynamic FEA

Doctoral Degree relating to pipe shell mode vibrations

Piping Primary Technical Authority

Valve, Expansion Joint, and Heater Tube Support Designs

Chair of ASME B31.3 Process Piping Code Committee

Routinely perform API 579 Level III Fitness-for-Service Evaluations of Piping and Pressure Vessels

Work in conjunction with metallurgical engineers to offer complete root cause failure investigations

Specialize in advanced FEA that includes nonlinear, thermo-mechanical, high-temperature creep, fatigue, and fracture analysis as applied to many refining and petrochemical plant equipment

MICHAEL F.B. BIFANO, Ph.D. , P.E.(7 Years Industry Experience)

KRAIG SHIPLEY, P.E. (25 Years Industry Experience)

ALL E²G MECHANICAL ENGINEERS

»

»

»

»

»

»

»

»

»

»

E²G simultaneously collected displacement, acceleration, and transient pressure data at multiple locations to ensure that a water-hammer vibration event did not occur when a newly installed check valve closed.

E²G also has the capability to numerically simulate the water-hammer event to identify critical locations and predict behavior prior to making expensive piping or equipment alterations in the field.

M E A S U R I N G T H E S I G N I F I C A N C E O F A

W A T E R - H A M M E R E V E N T

S I M U L A T I O N S

M E A S U R E M E N T E Q U I P M E N T

1

2

3

4

L A S E R D I S P L A C E M E N T S E N S O R

T R I A X I A L A C C E L E R O M E T E R

L A S E R D I S P L A C E M E N T S E N S O R

L A S E R D I S P L A C E M E N T S E N S O R